Submitted by Ines Vasconcelos Proença (ines.v.proenca@gmail.com) on 2016-02-18T06:27:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado_13Abril2015.pdf: 21540205 bytes, checksum: e2ab0e17609c53769d3ed1e169f9b923 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rafael Aguiar (rafael.aguiar@fgv.br) on 2016-03-03T13:26:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado_13Abril2015.pdf: 21540205 bytes, checksum: e2ab0e17609c53769d3ed1e169f9b923 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Almeida (maria.socorro@fgv.br) on 2016-03-04T13:25:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado_13Abril2015.pdf: 21540205 bytes, checksum: e2ab0e17609c53769d3ed1e169f9b923 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-04T13:26:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado_13Abril2015.pdf: 21540205 bytes, checksum: e2ab0e17609c53769d3ed1e169f9b923 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-13 / This research focus on the capacity of cultural investment, in the context of urban regeneration, to accomplish the rhetorical of social revitalization and the extent to which it offers socially sustainable solutions to local community. To that purpose, the work is directed towards the meanings and practices of Culture-led Urban Regeneration (CLUR) in the inner-city and it is suggested measuring its impact on subjective social dimensions over residents. One of the study’s main concerns is the degree to which CLUR might really address the expectations that policy makers have as an integrated and sustainable 'tool' to approach declined urban areas. To realize these goals, the Lisbon neighbourhood of Mouraria will be used as a case study and as a means of testing our research hypothesis. Measuring the subjective social impacts of urban regeneration in the neighbourhood, from the residents perspective, becomes the study’s central focus. And, equally relevant, there was a concern of improving measuring instruments capable of assessing the subjective social impact of culture-led urban regeneration projects. This dissertation refers to the European and Portuguese experiences, looking to draft these policies genealogy, to discuss the rhetoric behind and to uncloak how residents of declined areas perceive such change in their place. / Este trabalho centra-se na capacidade do investimento em cultura, em contexto de regeneração urbana, em atender a retórica da revitalização social e em que medida oferece soluções socialmente sustentáveis para os moradores. Para o efeito, centra-se sobre os significados e práticas do culture-led urban regeneration (CLUR) na cidade-histórica e é proposta sua medição quanto a impactos sociais subjetivos na comunidade local. Uma das principais preocupações do estudo é o grau em que o CLUR pode realmente cumprir as expectativas que os decisores políticos têm dele como 'ferramenta' de abordagem integrada e sustentável na transformação de espaços urbanos degradados. Para dar conta de tais objetivos vai se destacar o caso do bairro lisboeta da Mouraria como estudo de caso e local de teste das hipóteses apresentadas na pesquisa. Medir os impactos sociais subjetivos da intervenção sócio-urbana no bairro, na óptica de seus moradores, formam o eixo central do estudo. E, igualmente relevante, procurou-se avançar na produção de instrumentos de medição capazes de aferir o impacto social subjetivo de intervenções urbanas de base cultural. Com os procedimentos adotados na pesquisa, a dissertação reporta-se à experiência europeia e portuguesa procurando traçar a genealogia destas políticas, discutir as retóricas que as justificam e desvendar como os moradores da zona intervencionada percepcionam tais transformações do seu lugar.

Submitted by Marco Antônio de Ramos Chagas (mchagas@ufv.br) on 2016-01-26T14:30:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 838600 bytes, checksum: d3161a58a95f8212328fb3a175156b6e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T14:30:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 838600 bytes, checksum: d3161a58a95f8212328fb3a175156b6e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Objetivou-se avaliar a influência da estrutura de grupos de contemporâneos (GC) e da conexidade de dados na avaliação genética de peso ao desmame padronizado para 210 dias de idade em bovinos da raça Nelore. Foram utilizados 713.474 registros de pesos de animais Nelore provenientes de 3.066 rebanhos das regiões Centro-Oeste e Norte do Brasil. Os dados fazem parte do Serviço de Registro Genealógico das Raças Zebuínas (SRGRZ) disponibilizados pela Associação Brasileira dos Criadores de Zebu – ABCZ. Os GC foram formados com os efeitos de rebanho, condição de criação, regime alimentar, sexo, data de pesagem, ano e estação de nascimento. Os GC e as classes de idade da vaca ao parto concatenada com sexo da progênie foram definidos como efeitos sistemáticos, a idade do animal na data de pesagem foi considerada como covariável (linear e quadrática). Foram utilizados três níveis de desvios-padrão em relação à média para remoção de outliers (2, 2,5 e 3,5) e GC que continham pelo menos 3, 7 e 15 animais, que possibilitou a combinação de nove diferentes estruturas de dados. A conexidade entre os dados foram mensuradas e avaliados considerando o número total de ligações genéticas diretas entre GC (NTLGD). Foram consideradas 5, 10 e 15 ligações entre os GC, L5, L10 e L15, respectivamente. Empregou-se o modelo animal unicaracterístico via inferência Bayesiana para estimação dos valores e parâmetros genéticos. A estrutura de dados com 3,5 desvios-padrão e GC com no mínimo 15 animais apresentou maior valor de variância genética aditiva (82,65±2,8575). A estrutura de dados com 2 desvios-padrão e GC com no mínimo 15 animais apresentou menor valor de variância residual (206,86±1,451), e o maior valor foi verificado para estrutura de dados com 3,5 desvios-padrão e GC com no mínimo 3 animais (276,42±1,4902). O maior valor de herdabilidade (0,18±0,006) foi estimado ao considerar a estrutura com 2,5 desvios-padrão e GC com no mínimo 15 animais. As estruturas com 3,5 desvios-padrão e mínimo de 15 animais por GC proporcionaram maiores ganhos genéticos, de 5,04 e 3,34 kg para os 1% dos machos e 20% das fêmeas e para 5% dos machos e 40% das fêmeas, respectivamente. Ao avaliar a conexidade de dados, não verificou-se diferença entre as estruturas de dados com as diferentes ligações genéticas, sendo a conexidade acima de 99% em todas as estruturas. Ao considerar a conexidade, os valores encontrados para as estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos nas diferentes estruturas de dados foram iguais aos encontrados na avaliação sem considerar a conexidade entre os dados. A alta conexidade entre os GC é reflexo da alta qualidade na estrutura de dados, justificada pela intensa comercialização de sêmen de touros provados e troca de material genético entre os rebanhos. Os diferentes critérios para formação de grupos de contemporâneos influenciaram na avaliação genética. O uso de critérios para remoção de outliers com 2 desvios-padrão e grupos de contemporâneos com mínimo de 3 animais proporcionaram menores estimativas de herdabilidade. O uso de critérios para remoção de outliers com 2,5 e 3,5 desvios- padrão e grupos de contemporâneos com mínimo de 15 animais proporcionaram maiores estimativas de herdabilidade, porém resulta em maior perda de registros. Os dados apresentam boa qualidade na estrutura em função da alta conexidade existente entre os grupos de contemporâneos. / We aimed to evaluate the influence of contemporary groups (CG) structure and data connectivity in the genetic evaluation for body weight at weaning standardized for 210 days of age in Nellore cattle. A total of 713,474 records from 3,066 herds located at Middle West and North of Brazil were used. These herds are included at Genealogical Records Service of Zebu Breeds (SRGRZ) provided by Brazilian Association of Zebu Breeders – ABCZ. The CG were formed according herd, handling condition, diet, sex, date of weighting, year and birth season effects. Contemporary groups and classes of cow age at calving concatenated with offspring gender were defined as systematic effects, and the animal age at weighting was considered as covariate (linear and quadratic). Three standard deviations from the average (2, 2.5 and 3.5) were used for outliers removal, and CG with at least 3, 7 and 15 animals were included, thus allowing the formation of nine different data structures. Connectivity across the data was measured considering the total direct genetic linkage between CG (NTLGD). Five, ten and fifteen linkages between CG, L5, L10 and L15, respectively, were considered. Genetic evaluation was performed using a single trait animal model under a Bayesian approach to estimate the breeding values and genetic parameters. Data structure with 3.5 standard deviations and CG with at least 15 animals presented higher additive genetic variance values (82.65±2.8575). Data structure with 2 standard deviations and CG with at least 15 animals presented lower residual variance values (206.86±1.451), and the higher value (276.42±1.4902) was verified for the data structure with 3.5 standard deviations and CG with at least 3 animals. The higher heritability value (0.18±0.006) was estimated when considering the structure with 2.5 standard deviations and CG with at least 15 animals. Structures with 3.5 standard deviations and least 15 animals per CG had the highest genetic gains, 5.04 and 3.34 kg for the 1% of the males and 20 % of the females and 5% of the males and 40% of the females, respectively. The evaluation the data connectivity snowed no difference between structures with different genetic linkage, resulting in more than 99% of connectivity for all considered structures. Genetic parameters estimates values of different data structures considering the data connectivity were the same as those without consider the data connectivity. The high connectivity between CG is due the good quality of the data structure explained by the intense marketing of proven bulls semen and genetic material exchange between herds. The different criteria for CG formation influenced the data structure and genetic evaluation. Criteria usage for removing outliers with 2 standard deviations and CG with at least 3 animals had the lowest heritability estimates. The criteria used for removing outliers with 2.5 and 3.5 standard deviation and CG with at least 15 animals had the highest heritability estimates, but lead to a higher records loss. Data presents a good structure quality due the high existing connectivity between CG.

O objetivo principal desta dissertação consiste na apresentação da contribuição filosófica de Noël Carroll, pensador contemporâneo norte-americano, ao debate sobre o conceito de arte. Seu trabalho principal dentro do tema é duplo. De um lado, Carroll elabora um empreendimento crítico às teorias estéticas da arte que são para ele uma tradição filosófica capaz de fornecer as condições de possibilidade para o surgimento de uma definição estética da arte. E, de outro lado, Carroll elabora um empreendimento propositivo a partir do qual sua posição no debate definicional sobre o termo ‘arte’ pode ser evidenciada. Em sua etapa crítica, o pensamento de Carroll: (1) desenvolve uma genealogia das teorias estéticas, apresentando assim o arcabouço histórico para elas; (2) indica o que é comum a elas, a saber, a definição estética da arte; (3) procede a uma análise lógica dessa definição, apresentando as suas implicações e justificando o seu descredenciamento. Já em sua etapa propositiva, o pensamento de Carroll: (1) realiza um balanço das contribuições filosóficas ao debate definicional, apresentando pensadores importantes como Weitz, Dickie e Danto; (2) desenvolve um método de identificação de arte que dispensa a via definicional, chamado de narrativas identificadoras; (3) apresenta uma série de respostas às objeções desenvolvidas por outros autores ao seu método. / The main purpose of this work consists in an exposition of Noël Carroll’s philosophical contribution. Carroll is a contemporary North American philosopher whose work focuses on the debate concerning the concept of art. Our view is that his work consists in a twofold undertaking. On one side, Carroll elaborates a critical enterprise to the aesthetic theories of art that, for him, can foster the conditions and the possibilities to the outbreak of an aesthetic definition of art. On the other side, Carroll elaborates a purposeful enterprise through which his position on the definitional debate of the term ‘art’ can be easily understood. On his critical stage, Carroll: (1) makes a genealogy of aesthetic theories, giving them a historical outline; (2) indicates their common core, namely, the aesthetic definition; (3) proceeds analyzing this definition, showing its implications and justifying its disenfranchisement. In addition, on his purposeful stage, Carroll: (1) analyses relevant philosophical contributions to the definitional debate, presenting authors like Weitz, Dickie and Danto; (2) develops a method for art identification that exonerates the traditional definitional approach, called identifying narratives; (3) presents a series of replies to objections to his method made by others philosophers.

Le sujet de recherche de cette thèse est la relation entre les pratiques actuelles des professeurs d'éducation physique, les politiques d'inclusion et la formation initiale des enseignants. Dans une perspective post-structuraliste de la réflexion sur l'éducation, a partir du cadre théorique des études de Foucault, en particulier les notions de généalogie et gouvernementalité, cette étude lance un regard généalogique sur les pratiques actuelles des enseignants de l'éducation physique — liés aux programmes brésiliens Mais Educação, Segundo Tempo, Atleta na Escola, Esporte na Escola, Academia da Saúde et à la politique nationale de l'éducation spéciale dans la perspective de l'éducation inclusive, bien qu'aux centres de soutien pour la santé familiale et le centres de soins psychosociaux— , discutant quelles conditions ont établi telles pratiques et les résonances des politiques d'inclusion dans la formation et constitution de l'enseignant. Tout d'abord, pour montrer les liens entre les pratiques et les politiques d'inclusion actuelles, les matériaux — disponibles sur les sites Internet des ministères du gouvernement fédéral du Brésil, ceux qui établissent ces pratiques —, ont été analysés. De là, il fut possible de dire que ces pratiques font partie d'un mouvement inclusif, comme un réseau qui capture le sujet et gère le risque. Deuxièmement, dans une entreprise généalogique pour comprendre les conditions et modalités qui ont établi les pratiques de formation de l'éducation physique au Brésil, les programmes d'enseignement du Collège Pedro II (1850-1931) ont été analysés. Certains de ces documents sont disponibles sur le site du Centro de de Memória do Esporte de l'UFRGS, entre autres résolutions, lois, décrets et documents. De cette analyse, il est souligné que les pratiques en matière d'éducation physique ont été constituées en actions capables de protéger la société contre des nombreux dangers, des anomalies et risques auxquels les individus étaient soumis. Troisièmement, les projets pédagogiques des cours de formation en éducation physique des universités fédérales du Rio Grande do Sul ont été analysés, bien que quelques extraits de recherche produits par enseignants et chercheurs, disponibles dans des revues spécialisées. À partir de cette analyse, il fut possible de comprendre le contexte et les résonances des politiques d'inclusion dans la formation et constitution des professeurs d'éducation physique. De là, on peut dire que l'enseignant d'éducation physique contemporain, capturé par le mouvement d'inclusion en tant que réseau, est constitué comme celui qui travaille avec ceux qui sont sous le calcul du risque, et ils sont appelés à: conduire des activités au nom de la sécurité; guider des différents individus en ce qui concerne les principes de la rationalité; aider pour que tous puissent être auto-régulés et capables de prendre soin de soi même, de sa vie et de son apprentissage. A partir de ces considérations, il est analysé que, dans la rationalité politique de notre temps, pratiques des enseignants d'éducation physique sont médiés par un mouvement nommé cette thèse de l'inclusion comme réseau, présent dans la formation initiale et de la constitution de ces enseignants, qui sont régies comme sujets inclusifs et capables de transformer leurs pratiques à la gestion du risque et de la défense de la société. / Esta Tese toma como tema de pesquisa as relações entre práticas atuais dos professores de Educação Física, as políticas de inclusão e a formação inicial na constituição de professores. Inscrita numa perspectiva pós-estruturalista de pensar a Educação, a partir do aporte teórico dos Estudos Foucaultianos, especialmente com as noções de genealogia e de governamentalidade, lança um olhar genealógico sobre práticas atuais dos docentes de Educação Física — relacionadas com o Programa Mais Educação, a Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva, o Programa Segundo Tempo, o Programa Atleta na Escola, o Programa Esporte na Escola, os Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família, o Programa Academia da Saúde e os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial —, problematizando as condições de possibilidade que as estabeleceram e as ressonâncias das políticas de inclusão na formação e na constituição desses docentes. Em primeiro lugar, para mostrar as conexões entre algumas práticas atuais e as políticas de inclusão, foram analisados materiais disponíveis nos sites dos Ministérios do Governo Federal brasileiro, que estabelecem essas práticas. A partir daí, foi possível dizer que essas práticas são parte de um movimento de inclusão como rede que captura os sujeitos e gerencia os riscos. Em segundo lugar, num empreendimento genealógico para compreender as condições e arranjos que estabeleceram as práticas que constituíram a Educação Física no Brasil, foram analisados os programas de ensino do Colégio Pedro II (1850-1931), alguns documentos disponíveis no site do Centro de Memória do Esporte da UFRGS, além de resoluções, leis, documentos e decretos. A partir dessa análise, destaca-se que as práticas em Educação Física foram sendo constituídas como ações capazes de defender a sociedade dos diversos perigos, anormalidades e riscos a que estava sujeita. Num terceiro momento, foram analisados os Projetos Pedagógicos dos cursos de formação em Educação Física das universidades federais gaúchas e alguns excertos de pesquisas produzidas por professores e acadêmicos, disponíveis em periódicos da área, tendo sido possível compreender os enredos e as ressonâncias das políticas de inclusão na formação e na constituição dos professores de Educação Física. A partir daí, pode-se dizer que o professor de Educação Física na Contemporaneidade, capturado pelo movimento de inclusão como rede, se constitui como aquele que atua junto aos que estão sob o cálculo do risco, sendo requisitado a: conduzir condutas em nome da segurança; educar os diferentes sujeitos nos princípios da racionalidade; auxiliar para que todos se tornem autorregulados e aptos a cuidar de si, de suas vidas e de suas aprendizagens. A partir dessas considerações, analisa-se que, instauradas dentro de uma racionalidade política de nosso tempo, práticas de professores de Educação Física são mediadas por um movimento, nomeado nesta Tese de inclusão como rede, o qual se faz presente na formação inicial e na constituição desses professores, os capturando e os governando como sujeitos inclusivos e capazes de voltarem suas práticas ao gerenciamento dos riscos e à defesa da sociedade. / The research topic of this thesis is the relationships between current practices of Physical Education teachers, inclusion policies and initial teacher education in the constitution of teachers. Inscribed in a post-structuralist way of regarding Education, with the theoretical support of Foucauldian Studies, particularly with the notions of genealogy and governmentality, this Dissertation has considered the current practices of Physical Education teachers from a genealogic point of view, including practices related to the More Education Program, the National Policy for Special Education from the Inclusive Education Perspective, the Second Half Program, the School Athlete Program, the School Sport Program, the Nucleus of Family Health Support, the Health Academia Program, and the Centers of Psychosocial Care. It has problematized the conditions of possibility that have established these practices and the effects of the inclusion policies on teacher education and constitution. Firstly, in order to evidence the connections between the current practices and the inclusion policies, materials available at the websites of Brazilian Government Ministries that establish such practices were analyzed. From this analysis, it is possible to say that those practices are part of a movement of inclusion as a network that both captures subjects and manages risks. Secondly, through a genealogic endeavor to understand the conditions and arrangements that have established the practices that constitute Physical Education in Brazil, the teaching planning of Colegio Pedro II (1850-1931), some documents available at the website of UFRGS Center of Sport Memory, resolutions, acts, documents and decrees were analyzed. This analysis has highlighted that the Physical Education practices have been constituted as actions to defend society from several dangers, abnormalities and risks to which it is subjected. Thirdly, the Pedagogical Projects of Physical Education courses of federal universities of Rio Grande do Sul, as well as some excerpts from researches carried out by professors and university students and published in specialized journals, were analyzed. This has enabled us to understand the intertwining and resonances of the inclusion policies on Physical Education teacher education and constitution. Is has been possible to say that the Physical Education teacher in Contemporaneity, captured by the movement of inclusion as a network, has been constituted as someone that acts together with those under risk, and is required to: conduct the conducts in the name of security; educate different subjects in terms of the rationality principles; help everybody become self-regulated and apt to take care of themselves and their learning. Based on these considerations, it is analyzed that, established in a political rationality of our time, practices of Physical Education teachers are mediated by a movement, named in this thesis of inclusion as a network, present in the initial teacher education and constitution of these teachers, capturing them and governing as inclusive subjects capable of focusing their practices on risk management and the defense of society.

La psychanalyse est-elle épistémologiquement dans l’impasse ? Les «Japonais» (Lacan) ou encore les Arabes ne sont-ils pas «psychanalysables» ? Ce sont deux malaises qui ont concomitamment motivé cette recherche. Celle-ci découvre alors la «psychanalyse du lien» à laquelle elle suppose un potentiel de résolution de la double crise de la psychanalyse : celle qui lui est intrinsèque et a trait à sa longévité et celle de la rencontre entre cette dernière et des champs opérationnels d’accueil. Analyser les liens plutôt que des sujets en lien révolutionne la métapsychologie classique en la décentrant du pur intrapsychique, lénifiant ainsi son panindividualisme et promettant une «rencontre équitable» entre la psychanalyse et son terrain d’accueil, le tunisien en l’occurrence. La pratique de ce paradigme auprès de couples et de familles tunisiens en situations de recherche et de consultation, alternant au besoin, entretiens individuel, de couple et de famille, génosociogramme commenté, FAT ou encore TAT, permet de déceler des configurations liennaires récurrentes et caractéristiques colorant, par l’Instance culturelle (Kaës, 1998), l’espace du lien. Sont alors identifiés et définis les Objets-reliques, la Co-maternité et le Bel-Oedipe comme émergents du contexte informant respectivement sur les liens généalogique, parento-filial et de couple. C’est ainsi qu’une psychanalyse des liens de couple et de famille ouvre la voie à une lecture conjointe de trois espaces intra, inter et transsubjectif où le travail de subjectivation «se déroule» en même temps qu’elle incite à s’interroger sur les liens, leur nouage et défaillances aux prises avec le contexte culturel. / Is psychoanalysis epistemologically deadlocked? Aren’t the "Japanese" (Lacan) or the Arabs "psychoanalysable"? These are two discomforts that simultaneously motivated this research. It found out the "link psychoanalysis" in which it supposes a potential to resolve the double crisis of psychoanalysis: the intrinsic one related to its longevity and that of the encounter between the latter and the operational hosting fields. Analysing the link rather than subjects in link revolutionized classical metapsychology by offsetting the pure intrapsychic thus soothing its panindividualism and promising an « equitable encounter » between psychoanalysis and its host ground, the Tunisian one in this case. The practice of this « paradigm » with tunisian couples and families in contexts of research and consultation, alternating, on need, individual, couple and family interviews, commented genosociograms, FAT or TAT allowed to detect recurrent and characteristic link configurations, in which Cultural Instance (Kaës, 1998) colours neatly the link space. Thus, could be identified and defined the Relic objects, Co-motherhood and Oedipus-in-law as context emergents informing respectively about genealogical, parental-filial and couple links. That is how a couple and family link psychoanalysis paves the way to a joint reading of three spaces: intra, inter and transsubjective where the subjectivation work occurs. At the same time, it raises questions about link-knitting and failures dealing with the cultural context.

The hereby presented thesis pursues the occupations of puppeteers, gymnasts, vendors, blade sharpeners and changes of life strategies of itinerant lineages between the late 18th and early 20th Centuries. Above all, the research was anchored at various registers - firstly comprising registry offices, censuses, registers of homestead participants or residence applications. These were supplemented by the then public press, remembrances of contemporaries and other sources. The historical and demographical analyses based upon genealogical outputs were the dominant methodological background, the subject of which primarily became the characteristics of itinerant individuals and their place within society. The author also inquired into their ethnic origins and specific ways of earning one´s living. The pivot of this treatise, nonetheless, was to reveal true historical circumstances having once brought into life a number of widespread clan legends. Neither marriage strategies were omitted as they provided proof of certain behavioural patterns of both the itinerant and settled individuals. Last but not the least, attention was paid to the sojourn and life en route within this roving peripheral community, the presupposed uniqueness of which was fully proved in every respect.

Performance festivals have a unique, significant, but largely undocumented history in the discipline of Performance Studies. Despite the vital role they serve in invigorating, sustaining and renewing interest in this field, little formal research has been devoted to studying the history, structure and function of these events. This project is designed to mark the history and evolution of performance festivals, their ritual structure and significance for the discipline, and their role in the lives of participants. I focus on two current festivals, the Petit Jean Performance Festival and the Patti Pace Performance Festival, as sites of disciplinary conviction. Through a hybrid methodology of ethnographic description, in-depth interviews, and autoethnographic reflection, I attempt to both document and bring to life the experience of festival attendees. In particular, I focus on how festivals provide opportunities for genealogical connections, embodied mentoring, and upholding performance practice as praxis. My goal in this research is to advocate for performance festivals as sites of disciplinary conviction and growth.

'Conservation is about people, not just animals' argued Prince William in a letter to The Financial Times , written to gather support for ending ivory poaching and trading. This truism is often repeated by conservationists; we are frequently reminded that what we do - as humans - influences nature 'out there'. Nevertheless, conservation science often hesitates to interrogate what we do as organised human societies. Time and again, that leads to somewhat simplifying analyses of humanity's enormous power in shaping the whole Earth System -currently argued to surpass the power of geological forces. A case in point could be the isolation of corruption in Africa as the main driver for ivory market explosion in the last decade. Without considering the political-economy not just of ivory, but of the global-to-local societal organisation that allows for thousands of elephants and rhinos to be killed - for something of so low use-value such as ivory - little understanding can be shed on this alarming trend. I argue, and hope I have shown in this thesis, that we should aim towards enriching what conservation understands as its field of vision and allow the latter to encompass not just human and nonhuman nature and societies, as Prince William rightfully argues, but also the political and societal. I would be satisfied if by going through this thesis the reader would be convinced of just this argument. I am not claiming to be the first to identify this contradiction within conservation, but contra a sizeable number of scientists who work on similar subjects, I am normatively for conservation. A wealth of research has been published on conservation-society relationships that interrogates wider political, societal and economic constrains and opportunities as they relate to conservation. Usually though, research on what could be called critical conservation studies is (a) published in journals that conservationists do not read, and (b) is conducted by non-conservationists, often critical of conservation as a science and praxis per se. Thus all this wealth has little import to wider discussions about the future of conservation science and practice, and is even considered by conservationists as hostile to their agenda. I hope it is obvious from the above that I place this piece of research within the wide field of conservation science - despite drawing from a variety of disciplines. In essence, this piece of work looks at the relation between political-economic transformations and the way societies think about, manage and regulate nature. Geographically, my focus is on England, but with a sideways glance to developments at the EU level. Historically, the scope is circumscribed by two years: 1981, the year of the Toxteth riots in Liverpool, and 2015, the year I submitted. Naturally, in this country-wide, 24 year study I have not even attempted to include 'everything'. I focused on what after examination of empirical data I considered to be key moments and places in the evolution of English conservation. I begin with a section that introduces the reader into the area of study , followed and a brief literature-based summary of conservation in England from the beginning of the 20th century. The next three chapters should be read as a small trilogy that discusses the general trends in conservation policy and governance in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis (Chapter 3), followed by two smaller chapters (vignettes) that study post-financial crisis landscape scale conservation from: (a) a policy and governance perspective (Chapter 4); a use of science and scientific metaphors perspective (Chapter 5). The following two chapters try to reconstruct the where and when (geography and history are important) specific conservation policies and practices emerge, always in relation to economic and political changes. Chapter 6 is a genealogy of green infrastructure, from its emergence in the post-riot Liverpool landscape of 1981, to its current amalgamation with ecosystem services and monetary-valuation-of-nature milieu. Chapter 7 looks at biodiversity offsetting and argues that changing economic and transport geographies are crucial in understanding why biodiversity offsetting emerged as a solution to wildlife-development conflict in this instance and in the South East of England in particular. I conclude with a proposal for a new conservation that places utopia at the centre of its methodology (Chapter 8).

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia Política, Florianópolis, 2015 / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-19T04:08:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 333242.pdf: 1257004 bytes, checksum: e8cc773e5ceae025329419f370573308 (MD5) / A proteção social data dos princípios do século XVII, e, desde sua concepção passa por constantes rupturas e transformações. Na atualidade a proteção social, ou a questão social, só pode ser compreendida a partir de seu contexto e inserção no mundo capitalista. Enquanto tal é também, um mecanismo/dispositivo de construção de identidades e realidades multi-situadas. Assim, o objetivo geral desta dissertação foi o de Analisar/explicitar o Programa Bolsa Família enquanto um dispositivo biopolítico de governo das populações pobres. Desdobraram-se desse primeiro outros três objetivos: 1) Analisar a construção da figura do pobre e da assistência no Brasil desde uma perspectiva histórico-crítica; 2) Cartografar as linhas de visibilidade do Programa Bolsa Família no que diz respeito às condicionalidades/obrigatoriedades delegadas aos seus beneficiários. Certamente, que a partir daí, uma gama de temas surgiram e foram se misturando neste trabalho. Fizemos o esforço de abordar aqueles que consideramos mais apropriados para nossa breve genealogia (se é possível) do Programa Bolsa Família no Brasil. Desse modo, a problematização e a construção do objeto teórico, tiveram por objetivo mostrar-nos a relevância de estudar as políticas sociais "a contrapelo" como ensinou-nos Benjamin (1985, p.225), buscando no interior dos dispositivos as razões pelas quais eles funcionam e (fazem) funcionar uma determinada racionalidade de governo.<br> / Abstract : Social protection date of the early seventeenth century, and since its conception undergoes constant disruptions and transformations. At present social protection, or social issue, can only be understood from its context and insertion in the capitalist world. As such is also a mechanism / building multi-device located identities and realities. Thus, the general objective of this work was to analyze / explain the Bolsa Família Program as a biopolitical device government of the poor. Were deployed that first other three objectives: 1) To analyze the construction of the poor figure and care in Brazil from a historical and critical perspective; 2) To map the lines of the Bolsa Família Program visibility with regard to the conditionalities / obligatorily handed to your beneficiaries. Certainly, that from then on, a range of themes emerged and were mingling in this work. We made the effort to address those we consider most appropriate for our brief genealogy (if possible) of Bolsa Familia in Brazil. Thus, the questioning and the construction of the theoretical object, aimed to show us the importance of studying the social policies "against the grain" as taught in Benjamin (1985, p.225), looking inside the devices the reasons which they work, and (do) work a certain rationality of government.

LIMA, Valéria Cassandra Oliveira de. Alunos abjetos: etnografia da inclusão numa escola Municipal de Fortaleza. 2016. 294f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-02T18:15:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_vcolima.pdf: 3606399 bytes, checksum: 4a7f066b67e0f324f93991a0f245933d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-03T12:28:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_vcolima.pdf: 3606399 bytes, checksum: 4a7f066b67e0f324f93991a0f245933d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-03T12:28:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_vcolima.pdf: 3606399 bytes, checksum: 4a7f066b67e0f324f93991a0f245933d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / This thesis, part of apprehension category abject student, identified in the public school of Fortaleza, which triggers mechanisms goals in the elimination of school learning conditions of several students. The abject students present the production of corporeality and specific modes of expression, both in the Disabilities Student (DS) as the Troubled Students (TS). It contains forms of social elaborations based on the radicalization of otherness, these types materialize in the exclusion from the school system, and relate to it, either by non-peaceful subjection the production of its abjection, composing forms of resistance, or under stigmatization processes disability . The constitution of this category came from ethnographic effort to understand the school inclusion. Initially this effort comprised the DS figure as a subject of law and the main inclusion agent. The ethnographic exercise of writing the Field Notebooks, however, were made to see the student who for quite some time is eliminated from the school process, both socially and in school métier: learning. It constitutes the category by presenting research partners. In this context, it questions the possibility of political representation category through welfare policies aimed at both get them, how to eliminate them. The central goal of the thesis is to understand the production of social abjections the school, based of the ethnography origin in 2012 – 2013, and discuss the scope of political representation in this category. The concept of abjection of the feminist theories, Judith Butler (2002, 2003, 2007, 2009, 2012, 2013, 2015), Venna Das (1999, 2008) and Debora Polak (2008); the analytical apparatus focuses on the concept of genealogy of Foucault (1995, 2005, 2010, 2011, 2012) and ethnography is based on the model Favret-Saada (2005). The ideation that student is done in interaction with the locus of learning, their peers, the community where they live and the relationship student and faculty. Wanted therefore denote these categories, focusing less on their constitution as problems for the school structure, but understanding them as forms of production of resistance efforts, borderness elasticity and otherness not covered in the regulation standards. The thesis develops understanding of mechanisms for accountability, focused on exercise of citizenship, understood as a dynamic and negotiable process in the body of social interactions. / Esta tese parte da apreensão da categoria aluno abjeto, identificada na escola pública municipal de Fortaleza, que deflagra mecanismos objetivos na eliminação escolar das condições de aprendizagem de alunos diversos. Os alunos abjetos apresentam a produção de corporalidades e modos de expressão específicas, tanto na figura do Aluno com Deficiência (ACD) como do Aluno Problemático (AP). Ele encerra formas de elaborações sociais baseadas na radicalização da alteridade. Estes tipos se materializam na exclusão do sistema escolar, e a ela reagem, seja pela insujeição pacífica à produção de sua abjeção, compondo formas de resistência, ou sob processos de estigmatização de uma deficiência. A constituição desta categoria surgiu do esforço etnográfico de compreender a inclusão escolar. Inicialmente, esse esforço compreendia a figura do ACD como sujeito de direito e principal agente da inclusão. O exercício etnográfico da escrita dos Cadernos de Campo, entretanto, fez enxergar o aluno que já há bastante tempo é eliminado do processo escolar, tanto socialmente, quanto no próprio métier da escola: na aprendizagem. Constitui-se a categoria mediante a apresentação de interlocutores de pesquisa. Neste contexto, questiona-se a possibilidade de representatividade política da categoria por meio de políticas públicas assistenciais que visam tanto a recuperá-los, como a eliminá-los. O objetivo central da tese é, portanto, compreender a produção das abjeções sociais no corpo da escola, em procedência na etnografia realizada de 2012 – 2013, e problematizar o alcance da representatividade política desta categoria. O conceito de abjeção parte das teorias feministas, Judith Butler (2002, 2003, 2007, 2009, 2012, 2013, 2015), Venna Das (1999, 2008) e Debora Polak (2008); o aparato analítico centra-se no conceito de genealogia de Foucault (1995, 2005, 2010, 2011, 2012) e a etnografia baseia-se no modelo de Favret-Saada (2005). A ideação desse aluno se faz na interação com os locus de aprendizagem, seus pares, a comunidade onde vivem e na relação aluno e corpo docente. Procura-se, portanto, denotar essas categorias, menos focando na sua constituição como problemas para a estrutura escolar, mas compreendendo-as como formas de produção das gestões de resistência, elasticidade fronteirística e de alteridades não enquadradas nos padrões de normatização. A tese elabora mecanismos de compreensão para uma responsabilização, centrada no exercício da cidadania, entendida como um procedimento dinâmico e negociável no corpo das interações sociais.