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A Proteção Social e a Gestão da Política de Assistência Social na Cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba / Social Protection and Policy Management of the Social Assistance in the city of João Pessoa, ParaíbaVieira, Francisca das Chagas Fernandes 23 September 2013 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2013-09-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present study aimed to analyze the Social Protection in the SUAS, in reference to the architecture of PNAS/2004, when it comes to ensure the social assistance as a right of citizens and duty of the State, according to its regulatory framework in the country after the 1988 Constitution. The analysis of this dissertation study covered the trajectory of the social assistance having as cut the process of policy management from the deployment of SUAS in 2005 in the city of João Pessoa by the year 2011. The research falls within the field of qualitative research using documentary analysis and instrument information collection and measurements of knowledge: statutes, laws, decrees, resolutions, guidelines which govern the Social Policy in Brazil and in the city, technician reports, "Social Topography of João Pessoa City", beyond the experience as a manager in the social assistance management. The analysis construction was about the consolidation process of the social assistance from the national to the local area, in view of the assertion of social rights. The results of this study indicate, on the one hand, advances in the normative field and its materiality in services and benefits, with procedures for building tools for territorialization of the SUAS in the city, on the other hand, we have seen the limits and challenges faced in the effective policy reflected in the fragility of the social assistance network, which limits access and universal social protection. / O presente estudo objetivou analisar a Proteção Social no Suas tomando como referência a formatação da assistência social como direito do cidadão e dever do Estado, assegurada nas legislações e normatizações vigentes no país. Desse modo, a análise percorreu o processo histórico da assistência social como elemento importante para assegurar os direitos sociais, pontuando os avanços e desafios postos no processo de gestão da política a partir da implantação do SUAS na cidade de João Pessoa. A investigação inscreve-se no campo da pesquisa qualitativa utilizando-se da análise documental e do relato de experiência como instrumentais de coleta de informações e aferições do conhecimento. Para concretização da pesquisa, realizamos consulta bibliográfica e documental acerca dos conteúdos, das leis, estatutos, decretos, normas, resoluções, orientações que regulamentam a política de Assistência Social no Brasil e no município, priorizando uma análise descritiva do processo de consolidação da assistência social, do âmbito nacional para o local, na perspectiva da afirmação dos direitos sociais. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam os avanços no campo normativo e limites, desafios postos na efetivação da política refletidos na fragilidade da rede socioassistencial, que limita o acesso e a universalização da proteção social.
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Histórias de vida : (des) proteções sociais vivenciadas pelos familiares de crianças e adolescentes em acolhimento institucionalDiotti, Mariele Aparecida January 2018 (has links)
O presente estudo tem como temática central as proteções e desproteções sociais vivenciadas pelas famílias de crianças e adolescentes em medida de proteção de acolhimento. Foi desenvolvido um estudo de nível exploratório e natureza qualitativa, guiado pelo método Materialista Histórico Dialético, que buscou conhecer qual a percepção que as famílias de crianças e adolescentes em acolhimento institucional, no município de Gravataí/ RS, no ano de 2017, possuem sobre a situação de acolhimento e de (des) Proteção Social vivenciada pelas famílias. Tomaram-se como sujeitos do estudo seis familiares de crianças e adolescentes em acolhimento no município, no ano de 2017. A pesquisa utilizou a metodologia de História de Vida para possibilitar escuta e visibilidade às narrativas dos sujeitos. A proteção social é destacada neste estudo, como fundamental, em meio à perversidade e violência do modelo de acumulação capitalista – sendo um instrumento que serve à reprodução do capital, mas que, em um processo dialético, é também uma conquista da classe trabalhadora. As perspectivas preponderantes, em um cenário neoliberal, sobre a função/participação das famílias na execução do sistema de proteção no Brasil, mostram-se com viés Familista e de Pluralismo de Bem-Estar, os quais caminham de encontro aos processos de responsabilização dos indivíduos e famílias por sua proteção. Esses primas e configuração da proteção social, trazem implicações sobre a aplicação da medida de acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes e proteção das famílias. Dessa forma, emergem nesse estudo, trajetórias de vida permeadas por processos de violações de direitos e desproteções sociais, nos quais, muitas vezes, o acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes é resultado desse processo. Ainda, a medida de acolhimento é percebida de forma ambígua pelos familiares: insurge como uma proteção, que garante acesso aos serviços e bens que as famílias não possuem condições de prover; como algo que “não traz coisas boas”; e, também, como uma punição pelo comportamento. Por fim, aponta-se para a necessidade de se direcionar um olhar atento para as famílias das crianças e adolescentes em acolhimento, para compreender quais são trajetórias de vida dessas pessoas, quais as violações de direitos foram e são vivenciadas por elas e como a proteção social, enquanto um sistema, atende suas necessidades e garante as condições para que as crinças e adolescentes tenham o direito à permanência na família. A partir disso, é possível que se construam estratégias, de forma conjunta com os sujeitos, visando superar possíveis vulnerabilidades e riscos sociais e fortalecimento de suas capacidades protetivas. / The present study has as its central theme the protection and the lack of social protection experienced by families with children and teenagers in protective measures. A study of exploratory level and qualitative nature was developed guided by the Materialistic Dialectical method, which sought to know what these families’ perception of the program of social care and protection is (in the city of Gravataí in 2017). Six family members of these children and teenagers in social care (in town in 2017) were taken as subjects of the study. The research used the Life History methodology to enable listening and visibility to these relatives’ narratives. Social protection is highlighted, as fundamental, amid the perversity and violence of the capitalist accumulation model - being an instrument that serves the reproduction of capital, but which, in a dialectical process, is also a working-class achievement. The prevailing perspectives, in a neoliberal scenario, on the role/participation of families in the implementation of the protection system in Brazil, present themselves with Familial and Welfare Pluralism bias, which match the processes of accountability of individuals and families for their protection. These prisms and configurations of social protection, have implications over the application of the fostering measures in relation to children and adolescents and the protection of families. Therefore, this study brings out life trajectories permeated by processes of rights violations and social deprotection, where, often, the reception of children and adolescents is the result of this process. Moreover, the measure of institutional home is perceived ambiguously by family members: it emerges as a protection, which guarantees access to services and goods that families cannot afford; As well as something that "doesn’t bring good things"; and is given as a punishment for behavior. Finally, it is pointed out the need to take a close look at the families of these children and teenagers in the institutional home, to understand their life trajectories, which rights violations have been and are experienced by them and how the social protection, while a system, meets their needs and guarantees the conditions for the children and adolescents to have the right to stay in the family. With that in mind, it is possible to build strategies, together with the relatives in order to overcome possible vulnerabilities and social risks and therefore strengthen their protective capacities.
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Flexiseguridad, derecho al trabajo y estabilidad laboralBlancas Bustamante, Carlos 10 April 2018 (has links)
Flexisecurity, right to work and labor stabilityThis article deals with one of the most recent and innovative proposals of related flexibilization, basically, to the extinction of labor relation and that areknown as «flexisecurity» or «flexicurity». For this, the author comments the model of Denmark – country in which it’s originated «flexisecurity» – emphasizing the configuration of a «golden triangle», composed of: i) flexibility in the labor relation, aimed at facilitating the dismissal ii) a generous system of unemployment benefits, funded primarily by the State and iii) a new policy of «activation» of the labor market, which seeks to keep large sectors of the population permanently trained to meet new labor challenges. The author emphasizes the difference between our country and Denmark, since it is a Welfare State with a high level of social protection funded by a fiscal pressure and high tax rates. Finally, the article notes that for the study of «flexisecurity» it shouldn’t ignore the legal framework derived from workers’ fundamental rights established in the Constitution and international treaties which imply: right to work, dignity and citizenship of the worker and Trade Union Freedom and Collective Rights / El artículo aborda una de las más recientes y novedosas propuestas de flexibilización relacionada, básicamente, con la extinción de la relación laboral, propuesta que es conocida como «flexiseguridad» o «flexiguridad». Para ello, el autor comenta el modelo de Dinamarca —país en el que se origina la «flexiseguridad»— destacando la configuración de un «triángulo dorado», integrado por: i) la flexibilidad en la relación de trabajo, destinado a facilitar el despido; ii) un sistema generoso de prestaciones por desempleo, financiado fundamentalmente por el Estado; y iii) una nueva política de «activación» del mercado de trabajo que busca mantener a grandes sectores de la población permanentemente capacitados para afrontar nuevos retos laborales. El autor recalca la diferencia entre nuestro país y Dinamarca, pues se trata de un Estado de Bienestar, con un elevado nivel de protección social financiado gracias a una presión fiscal y tasas impositivas altas. Finalmente, el artículo señala que para el estudio de la «flexiseguridad» no se debe omitir el marco normativo derivado de los derechos fundamentales del trabajador establecidos en la Constitución y los tratados internacionales que implica: el derecho al trabajo, la dignidad y ciudadanía del trabajador y la Libertad Sindical y los Derechos Colectivos.
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Disability, incapacity for work and tongue-twister: can a person with disability work and receive an incapacity pension? / Discapacidad, invalidez, incapacidad para el trabajo y trabalenguas: ¿si tengo discapacidad y trabajo, puedo cobrar pensión de invalidez?Bregaglio Lazarte, Renata, Constantino Caycho, Renato, Galicia Vidal, Saulo, Beyá González, Erick 10 April 2018 (has links)
The article focuses on a new problem that requires an adequate legal answer that respects the rights of the persons with disabilities: are all persons with disabilities incapacitated for work? This question tries to make a critical assessment of the traditional systems of social security that assumed that any disability led to the end of the productive life. However, that differs completely from the view of the social model of disability that states that disability comes from the social barriers and not from the persons. If disability is not the same as incapacity to work, how and when should this latter figure be applied? The existence of both figures requires us to differentiate them. The hypothesis is that these figures are different but may coexist at the same time. / El presente artículo intentará enfocarse en una problemática que comienza a presentarse en la realidad y que requiere una respuesta jurídica adecuada y respetuosa de los derechos de las personas con discapacidad: ¿todas las personas con discapacidad tienen incapacidad para el trabajo? Esta pregunta busca realizar una valoración crítica de los tradicionales sistemas de seguridad social que entendieron que toda discapacidad llevaba al fin de la vida productiva. No obstante, esto confronta directamente los postulados del modelo social de la discapacidad que proclaman que las imposibilidades de las personas con discapacidad provienen de barreras sociales y no de las personas. Si la discapacidad no equivale a la incapacidad, ¿cómo debe entenderse y aplicarse dicha figura? La existencia de ambas figuras nos reta a plantear cuáles son las diferencias y similitudes entre ambas. Esta investigación se guía bajo la hipótesis de que ambos términos denotan situaciones distintas aunque estas pueden presentarse de manera simultánea.
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Impacts économiques de l'immigration en France : finances publiques et consommation / Economic impacts of immigration in France : public finances and consumptionSokhna, Ndeye Penda 14 December 2017 (has links)
La question de l'immigration, dans les économies d'accueil, est aujourd'hui au centre des préoccupations politiques, économiques et sociales. L'immigration est perçue, de nos jours, comme un problème plus qu'une opportunité pour les sociétés d'accueil en général et la France en particulier. Les résultats du sondage du Transatlantic Trends entre 2008 et 2013 montrent qu'en France, l'opinion publique sur l'immigration s'est beaucoup dégradée. A la question percevez-vous l'immigration comme un problème plutôt qu'une opportunité ? 50% des sondés français répondaient par l'affirmatif en 2013. Ce pourcentage n'était que de 39% en 2008. Parallèlement à cette situation, les projections démographiques montrent un vieillissement de la population et l'immigration pourrait être une solution face à ce problème. La thèse a pour objectif d'analyser, dans ce contexte de vieillissement démographique, les effets économiques de l'immigration en mettant l'accent sur son impact sur les finances publiques et la demande des ménages en France. Elle contribue ainsi à la littérature sur les coûts et apports de l'immigration dans les pays d'accueil. Elle analyse également les conséquences économiques d'une décision politique relative à l'immigration, en testant les effets des changements de politiques migratoires sur les finances publiques ou encore les effets de la hausse du revenu sur la consommation des ménages natifs et immigrés. La thèse s'articule autour de deux grandes parties : la première s'intéresse à l'impact budgétaire de l'immigration, avec dans un premier chapitre une évaluation comptable et dans un deuxième chapitre, une évaluation dynamique à l'aide d'un modèle d'équilibre général. La deuxième partie de la thèse se focalise sur la consommation des immigrés en France. Là encore, on distingue deux chapitres : le premier mesure la contribution des immigrés à la demande finale et le second analyse les comportements de consommation des ménages natifs et immigrés. / The issue of immigration, in host economies, is today at the center of political, economic and social concerns. Immigration is perceived as a problem rather than an opportunity for host countries in general and France in particular. The results of the Transatlantic Trends survey between 2008 and 2013 show that in France, public opinion on immigration has deteriorated significantly. Do you perceive immigration as a problem rather than an opportunity? 50% of French respondents answered yes in 2013. This percentage was only 39% in 2008. At the same time, demographic projections show a population ageing and immigration could be a solution to this problem. The thesis aims to analyze, in this context of population ageing, the economic effects of immigration by focusing on its impact on public finances and consumption in France. It contributes to the literature on costs and benefits of immigration in the host countries. It helps to shed light on the economic consequences of a political decision on immigration, by testing the effects of changes in migration policies on public finances or the effects of rising income on the consumption of native and immigrant households in France. The thesis focuses on two main parts: the first focuses on the fiscal impact of immigration, with a first chapter on accounting evaluation and a second chapter on dynamic evaluation using a general equilibrium model. The second part of the thesis focuses on the consumption of immigrants in France. Again, there are two chapters: the first measures the contribution of immigrants to final demand and the second analyzes the consumption behavior of native and immigrant households in France.
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Fundos de pensão: um caminho socioeconomicamente viável?Vaccaro, Stefania Becattini 13 March 2009 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2009-03-13 / A presente dissertação examina o desenvolvimento da previdência privada fechada no Brasil e suas articulações com a economia. Busca analisar os argumentos apresentados na defesa de sua expansão, isto é, o déficit previdenciário crescente, o aumento da longevidade populacional, os
benefícios de estímulo à consolidação de uma poupança para financiar o desenvolvimento econômico e o aumento da partilha de riqueza com os trabalhadores pela propriedade dos títulos mobiliários empresariais. Nesse sentido, este trabalho cuida inicialmente da arquitetura financeira atual, segue uma análise dos mecanismos de estruturação e funcionamento dos fundos de pensão para, então, se ater ao estudo da produção de riqueza e das transformações contemporâneas do capitalismo no intuito de discutir a produção na sociedade do conhecimento e o impacto da mudança nas regulações coletivas de proteção social. Os resultados evidenciam que a
escolha da previdência privada fechada, é uma opção política que pode trazer graves consequências sociais. / This dissertation examines the development of private pension plans in Brazil and its close links with the economy. Search analyze the arguments in defense of its expansion, i.e. the growing pension deficit, the increase in population longevity, the benefits of encouraging the consolidation of a saving to finance economic development and increase the sharing of wealth with the workers by property the securities business. In that sense, this work takes care of the first financial architecture today, following an analysis of mechanisms of structuring and operation of pension funds and then stick it to study the production of wealth and of contemporary transformations of capitalism in order to discuss the production in the knowledge society and the impact of change in the regulations of collective social protection. The results show that the choice of the closed private pension, is a policy option that can bring serious social consequences.
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Aposentadoria: o novo começo, expectativa e realidade. Uma análise com servidores técnicos-administrativos da UFG / Retirement: the new beginning, expectation and reality. An analysis with technical-administrative workers of UFGAlves, Fleide Wilian Rodrigues 10 October 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-10-10 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / The work brings attached to itself a number of social protection mechanisms
achieved by workers over the last two centuries. One of the most important is
retirement, usually linked to aging, it presents as a social statute and a life
transition that allocates the active worker erstwhile in the list of removed from
the world of work. Of great importance in the personal and social context, this
passage is a divider in the existence of workers, which has been enjoying
retirement for more time due to increased life expectancy. This research aimed
at understanding social aspects that permeate the retirement process of the
Administrative Technical Education of Federal University of Goiás, in the period
between his eminence and its recent acquisition.Regarding the worker about to
retire, there was a discussion about the reasons that weighed in his decision,
what are your expectations and plans for the future. After retirement, he was
investigated as the worker just out of the labor market deals with your free time,
if your plans and expectations have been met and as reestabelecem their family
ties with their return home. Research has shown that the investigated statutory
enjoy better quality of life when they are at work and in retirement, compared to
CLT workers with the same training and educational level. This finding was
justified by their income be higher, the job security and the possibility of
coexistence of working times, and social times in their workplaces during the
activity. / O trabalho traz vinculado a si uma série de mecanismos de proteção social
conquistados pelos trabalhadores ao longo dos últimos dois séculos. Um dos
mais importantes é a aposentadoria, geralmente vinculada ao envelhecimento,
se apresenta como um estatuto social e uma transição de vida que aloca o
trabalhador ativo de outrora no rol dos retirados do mundo do trabalho. De
grande importância no âmbito pessoal e social, esta passagem representa um
divisor na existência dos trabalhadores, que vem desfrutando da aposentadoria
por cada vez mais tempo frente ao aumento da expectativa de vida. A presente
pesquisa objetivou compreender aspectos sociais que permeiam o processo da
aposentadoria entre os Técnicos Administrativos da Educação da Universidade
Federal de Goiás, no período compreendido entre a sua eminência e sua
recente aquisição. No que concerne ao trabalhador prestes a se aposentar,
realizou-se uma reflexão acerca dos motivos que pesaram em sua decisão,
quais as suas expectativas e planos para o futuro. Após a aposentadoria,
investigou-se como o trabalhador recém-saído do mercado de trabalho lida
com o seu tempo livre, se seus planos e expectativas se concretizaram e como
se reestabelecem as relações familiares na sua volta para casa. A pesquisa
demonstrou que os estatutários investigados desfrutam de melhor qualidade de
vida quando estão na atividade e na aposentadoria, se comparados com os
celetistas com mesma capacitação e nível de escolaridade. Esta constatação
se justificou por sua renda ser maior, pela estabilidade no emprego e pela
possibilidade da coexistência dos tempos de trabalho e dos tempos sociais em
seus ambientes laborais durante a atividade.
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Trabalhador rural: a parte que te cabe na previdência socialMartins, Andrêssa Bruno 26 March 2018 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2018-03-26 / Este trabalho busca analisar o acesso do trabalhador rural aos direitos previdenciários, no
âmbito da seguridade social, após a Constituição Federal de 1988, até 2017. Adotamos o
método de inspiração histórico-dialética, baseado na tradição marxista, que nos permitiu
apreender a historicidade e as contradições desse processo, bem como analisar a realidade,
conectada à reprodução da vida social. Utilizamos a pesquisa bibliográfica e a análise dos
dados quantitativos elaborados pelas instituições: INSS, ANFIP, DIEESE, IPEA, IBGE. Nesta
direção, apresentamos a trajetória histórica do trabalhador rural, associada à questão agrária, e
suas contradições engendradas no sistema capitalista de produção. Tratamos da previdência
social no Brasil, dos avanços conquistados na década de 1980 e das constantes investidas das
classes dominantes que tendem a limitar a perspectiva de seguridade social. Foi possível nesse
sentido, compreender e analisar os elementos que condicionam o acesso do trabalhador rural
em sua busca pelo direito previdenciário, os limites e as possibilidades postas. Embora sendo
um direito conquistado, as mediações postas pela instituição previdenciária, inclusive em sua
burocracia, e os constantes ataques políticos materializados nas contrarreformas da
previdência, tendem a limitar o acesso do trabalhador rural à previdência social. Contudo, a
resistência e as lutas sociais abrem possibilidades de manutenção desses direitos. / This work seeks to analyze the rural worker's access to social security rights, in the scope of
social protection, after the Federal Constitution of 1988, until 2017. We adopted the method
of historical-dialectical inspiration, based on the Marxist tradition, which allowed us to
apprehend the historicity and contradictions of this process, as well as to analyze reality,
connected to the reproduction of social life. We used the bibliographic research and analysis
of the quantitative data elaborated by the institutions: INSS, ANFIP, DIEESE, IPEA, IBGE.
In this direction, we present the historical trajectory of the rural worker, associated with the
agrarian question, and its contradictions engendered in the capitalist system of production. We
deal with social security in Brazil, the advances made in the 1980s, and the constant attacks of
the dominant classes that tend to limit the prospect of social security. It was possible, in this
sense, to understand and analyze the elements that condition the access of the rural worker in
his quest for social security law, the limits and possibilities posed. Although, it is a right that
has been won, mediated by the social security institution, including its bureaucracy, and the
constant political offensives materialized in the counter-reforms of social security tend to
limit the access of rural workers to social security. However, resistance and social struggles
open possibilities for the maintenance of these rights.
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La protection sociale du sportif salarié / The social protection of an employed athleteAumeran, Xavier 07 April 2016 (has links)
Par son activité salariée, le sportif est intégré au système interprofessionnel de sécurité sociale. Les particularismes de l’activité sportive, tenant à la nature et à l’organisation de celle-ci, rendent néanmoins cette intégration complexe et difficile. La pluriactivité du sportif, mais également l’intervention massive des fédérations sportives, syndicats, partenaires et organisateurs de compétitions, doivent être prises en compte par le cadre normatif applicable. Il en est de même de l’importance des risques professionnels affectant le sportif et de la brièveté de sa carrière. Le système national, uniforme et public de protection sociale est alors confronté à ses limites. Tandis que la réparation des risques sociaux est insuffisante, la prévention et l’accompagnement socioprofessionnel du sportif salarié sont presque inexistants. La cadre légal applicable ne peut pleinement satisfaire. Face à ces carences, il appartient à la convention collective d’assurer une sécurité sociale professionnelle de la personne. Une protection sociale complémentaire et supplétive adaptée à l’activité sportive salariée se construit. Elle permet à la fois d’épouser les contours de la sécurité sociale et d’intégrer les dispositifs individuels et collectifs développés par les différents acteurs de l’activité sportive. La sécurisation effective de la personne est alors assurée par un cumul des formes de protection. Il s’agit ainsi de proposer une protection sociale organisée en différents niveaux s’adaptant à la réalité de l’activité professionnelle développée. / Owing to the employed activity he pursues, a paid athlete is part of the interprofessional social protection system. Sporting activities have certain specificities, due to their nature and organisation, which make their inclusion into the system more complicated and difficult. The multiple activities the athlete may carry on, as well as the significant intervention of sporting federations, trade unions, partners and organisers of sporting events, must be taken into account by the applicable normative framework. The same applies to the extent of the occupational hazards which affect the athlete and to the brievity of his career. The standardised and public national social protection system is then faced with its own limits. While the compensation of social risks is inadequate, there are hardly any prevention and socio-occupational assistance. The applicable legal framework cannot therefore be fully satisfactory. To tackle these deficiencies, collective labour agreement must ensure an occupational social protection for the individual. An additional and auxiliary social protection adapted to the status of an employed sporting activity then starts to build up. It allows both to match the outline of the national social security and to integrate the individual and collective packages designed by the stakeholders of the sporting activity field. The actual safety of the individual is then guaranteed through the combination of these different forms of social protection. The point is thus to offer a social protection organised in different layers suitable for the developed sporting activity.
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Analýza vývoje české daňové politiky v oblasti pojistného od roku 1993 / The analysis of the tax policy of social protection in the Czech Republic from 1993Jacková, Marie January 2009 (has links)
The first part of the final thesis describes social security contributions in 1992. In the second part is analysed the system of social security contributions and health contributions in 1993 in connection with the tax reform in the Czech Republic. The third part deals with main changes of contributions structure. Basic laws are the social security contribution act No. 589/1992 Coll. and the health contribution act No. 592/1992 Coll.. In the last part is analysed development of contributions in term of international comparisons or depending on variables such as rate of unemployment or gross domestic product.
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