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The following paper assesses a statistical relationship between Economic Inequality and Voting Participation among a sizable amount of nations across the world representing all continents. With an deductive approach, three theoretical standpoints of interest are presented: one that describes a negative, another inconclusive, and one with a positive relationship between the variables of interest. Through panel data analysis the study finds support in favour of a negative relationship in that as economic inequality rises, voting participation in parliamentary elections decreases.

The concept of sustainable development is commonly used worldwide. In the public sector, characterized by a rationalization focus, conclusions about the sustainability of lean production (lean), as a management concept for organizational change, are contradictory. This thesis aims to identify conditions promoting sustainable development in the public sector, in particular the healthcare sector, when implementing lean. Two qualitative and one quantitative case study were conducted using longitudinal data collection: focus group interviews, semi-structured interviews, analysis seminars, steering board meetings, and a questionnaire. The empirical data was collected from national lean programs in Sweden. The results describe that socio-technical principles may be used as indicators of sustainability as well as a guide in the implementation of lean in healthcare. Active ownership among stakeholders, a developmental view in the organization, stakeholder participation, organized joint innovative learning activities, role and goal clarity may be conditions influencing the sustainability of lean in the public sector. Furthermore, when supported by a favorable lean context, the results show that the lean tools value stream mapping, standardized work and 5S (housekeeping) may promote a sustainable implementation of lean in healthcare by the promotion of employees and managers’ working conditions and/or employee individual innovation. Visual follow-up boards may inhibit employees and managers’ job satisfaction, when not supported by job resources. Personnel stability, time for development, and information to be able to participate were in this context shown to be central job resources. In conclusion, conditions which may promote sustainable development in the public sector, when implementing lean are: stakeholder values of inclusive social well-being, an implementation process including stakeholder ownership and joint innovative learning, and a favorable lean context: balancing job resources and job demands. Lean tools may empower public healthcare employees to engage in development and counteract a poor implementation process and a poor lean context but only to a limited degree. The lean contexts studied were unfavorable, i.e., a weak implementation process and job resources not balancing the job demands. Hence, the lean implementations studied could not be considered sustainable. / <p>QC 20160901</p>

M.Com. (Industrial Relations) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

La montée d'un « impératif participatif » tend à renouveler l'action publique et à ouvrir le système décisionnel à l'ensemble des parties prenantes. Les usagers sont alors invités à se mobiliser afin d'élargir le registre des connaissances mobilisables et de prendre en compte leurs points de vue sous prétexte de leur expertise d'usage.Visant à comprendre ce renouvellement et à définir la place et le rôle joué par les usagers au sein de ces instances participatives, nous avons construit cette thèse autour de la figure d'un « usager compétent ». Autrement dit, un acteur capable de coproduire l'action publique et de partager ses savoirs d'usage.Notre analyse de deux dispositifs participatifs, empruntés au domaine des déplacements urbains, nous a tout d'abord permis de mettre en exergue les impacts concrets de la participation des usagers sur les solutions et les orientations retenues pour le projet mis en débat. Ensuite, nous avons interrogé ces démarches au regard des principes de conception collective mobilisés dans les domaines du génie industriel et des sciences de gestion. Enfin, nous avons montré que pour asseoir une action publique collective à partir de la constitution d'une maîtrise d'usage, il fallait répondre à une triple condition de légitimation, de formalisation et de mise en œuvre / Pas de résumé en anglais

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 1997 / While employee participation has existed in various forms since the late 19th century, the thinking behind terms like 'participative management' and 'stakeholding' began to take root after the second world war in some companies in the major industrial nations ...[No abstract provided. Information taken from first chapter] / MT2017

Lam Pik Ki. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-80). / Abstracts in English and Chinese; questionnaire in Chinese.

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