Background Pressure ulcer is one of many health problems in the healthcare system. Pressure ulcer prolongs the suffering of patients and the cost of treating them is high. In 2006, in the USA almost US$11 billion was spent on hospitalizations in which the patient was dignosed with pressure ulcer as primary or secondary causes, excluding neonatal and maternal conditions. This reflects an increase of nearly 80% since 1993. Most pressure ulcers are potentially preventable; early and proper intervention to high risk groups can decrease the incidence of newly developed pressure ulcer and its consequence impacts. Moreover, pressure ulcer is a key performance index for assessing the quality of hospital service and patient safety. Maintaining a low incidence and prevalence of the pressure ulcer leads to both reduced health expenditure and patient’s suffering from wound pain. Aims and objectives The paper aims to study the current literature of pressure relieving devices application and its effectiveness to risk group. There are lots of pressure relieving devices in the market and here to assess its effectiveness to the risk group in hospital. Methods The electronic search was done through searching of electronic database, PubMed, MEDLINE ProQest; and hand search through Google Scholar and other online resources. Search strategies and criteria for inclusion and exclusion had been applied. The key words were used in retrieving studies through databases: (pressure ulcer OR decubitus ulcer) AND(prevention) AND (pressure relieving OR repositioning OR mattress OR cushion OR overlay OR re-distributing) Results There were twelve English articles for reviewing finally. Those articles were grouped into three pressure relieving device categories; they are cushion, re-positioning and mattresses for the review. In Defloor 2005, it found an obvious reduction in newly developed pressure ulcer if it combines4-hourly turning with pressure reliefing mattress; only 3% of participants had newly developed pressure ulcer. Furthermore, the frequect turning may not reduce the pressure ulcer development in lower risk group. The proper intervention of pressure relieving and tailor to individuals are essential. Conclusions It demonstrated the effectiveness of pressure relieving devices to patient at risk, but the present of significant differences is not consistent. It is essential to ensure the utilization of the pressure relieving support surfaces function with right skill to the right person in order to maximize patient’s benefit during hospitalization. Further clinical trial is preferable. / published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration

No description available.

The goal of this study was to examine whether a storybook about home safety would increase hazard recognition, and reduce risky behaviour in children three through five years of age. Participants were randomly assigned to either receive the storybook intervention or a control condition. While robust group differences were not found, the results revealed trends as expected. There was a significant increase in hazard identification scores from pre- to post-intervention in the intervention but not the control condition, with greater reading time positively associated with larger improvements. Moreover, while children in the control group showed a marginally significant increase in number of hazards they touched from pre- to post-intervention, those in the intervention group did not. The pattern of these findings suggests that the storybook intervention, to some extent, positively impacted both knowledge and behaviour. Suggestions for future research are discussed.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2005. / Thesis advisor: Stephen M. Cox. "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Criminal Justice." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-53). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70)

Thesis (MFamMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the most common preventable cause of hospital deaths, and almost all hospitalised patients have at least one risk factor for venous thrombo-embolism (VTE). Despite the availability of highly effective thromboprophylaxis in prevent-ing VTE, numerous studies worldwide have demonstrated its under-utilization. The aim of this study was to review and improve the utilization of thromboprophylaxis in the prevention of VTE in hospitalized patients at Oudtshoorn district hospital. Method: A quality improvement cycle (QIC). Retrospective analysis of files of adult patients admitted to the male and female wards at Oudtshoorn district hospital was performed prior to and after a 5 month intervention phase. The target standards for the QIC were: 1) Availability of a written hospital policy on VTE prevention; 2) Every adult admission should have a for-mal VTE risk assessment documented; 3) Every adult admission who is at risk for VTE should receive thromboprophylaxis. Results: Thirty eight percent of adult patients admitted to Oudtshoorn hospital, excluding the maternity ward, were at risk of developing VTE. There was no written hospital policy on VTE prevention. This was developed and made available during the intervention. In the pre-intervention group there were no patients who had a documented VTE risk assessment. The post intervention group showed a considerable increase with 45.2% having had a completed VTE risk assessment on admission (p<0.00001). In the pre-intervention group only 4.6 per-cent of patients who were at risk of VTE received thromboprophylaxis. There was a statisti-cally significant difference in the number of patients at risk who received thromboprophylax-is in the post-intervention group where 36% of these patients received thromboprophylaxis (p<0.00001). Conclusions: The study identified a major shortcoming in the prevention of VTE in those patients at risk who were admitted to Oudtshoorn district hospital. An intervention as part of a quality improvement cycle has been able to demonstrate a significant improvement in the detection of patients who are at risk of VTE and a subsequent improvement in appropriate thromboprophylaxis. A number of barriers to their implementation have been identified and need to be addressed. This QIC may in time be of value to assist other district hospitals in addressing the issue of VTE prevention. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: No abstract available.

A colorimetric quantitative analysis for di-n-octylphthalate and other aromatic esters has been developed which is capable of determining as little as 0.1 milligrams of an ester. This method is based on the formation of hydroxamic acid from esters using hydroxylamine hydrochloride in an alkaline medium. On the addition of an acidified solution of ferric per-chlorate, a red-colored complex of ferric hydroxamate is formed, proportionate in intensity to the weight of ester present. Mist composed of di-n-octylphalate droplets of 0.869 microns average diameter was removed from air at substantially atmospheric temperature and pressure by passing the air up through a bed of 150/200 mesh silica gel fluidized in a 2-1/4 inch glass column. Removal efficiency, defined as the percent (by weight) removal of the mist was substantially independent of the entering concentration over the range 0.765 to 0.965 milligrams of ester per cubic foot of air. For a given bed, removal efficiency improved with decreasing superficial gas velocity. Two bed weights were used, 13.25 grams per square centimeter and 25.35 grams per square centimeter, and it was found that the removal efficiency was practically in dependent of the bed weights. The maximum removal efficiency was 88.8% at a superficial bed velocity of 3.2 centimeters per second and a bed weight of 13.25 grams per square centimeter. The same mist was removed by passing the gas stream through various venturi nozzles with ports in the throat through which fine silica gel (150/200 mesh) entered by gravity and aspiration into the gas stream. For the venturi nozzles the removal efficiency generally increased with increasing velocities; however, the maximum removal efficiency obtained was only about 40%. It is shown that the behavior and collection efficiences obtained with the two devices can be satisfactorily explained if the fluidized bed is assumed to collect the aerosol particles by diffusional processes only, and the venturi tube, by inertial processes only, at least for aerosol particles of the size used in this work. The problem of efficient removal of aerosol particles in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 microns diameter has still not been solved in an economical manner for many cases of industrial importance. The removal becomes even more difficult when the aerosol particles are fairly uniform in size. The purpose of the present work was to conduct a preliminary testing of new devices which might be more efficient for small particles than those now commonly used. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of / Graduate

The holding power of the school is one of the many problems confronting the public schools of the United States. People associated with education are endeavoring to determine ways by which the youth of America may be encouraged to complete a full high school program. This will require continuous and vigorous study and adaptation to develop in the schools a program that will be attractive to youth and will help them in their adjustments. / "August, 1953." / Typescript. / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science." / Advisor: H. W. Dean, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 64).