This paper summarises 80 years of 'henge' studies. It considers the range of monuments originally considered henges and how more diverse sites became added to the original list. It examines the diversity of monuments considered to be henges, their origins, their associated monument types and their dates. Since the introduction of the term, archaeologists have often been uncomfortable with it. It was introduced in inverted commas and those commas continued to be used for over 30 years. With the introduction of the term 'hengiform' the strictures of definition that characterised the monument class collapsed and an increased variety of circular and oval monuments were included under the henge aegis. It is suggested here that the term 'henge' has outlived its usefulness as we no longer know what we mean by it. Instead we should adopt an objective viewpoint and recognise these earth circles as just one manifestation of the tradition of circularity that pervades the third and second millennia BC.

The subjekt of this thesis is a design of a viewing tower located in the area of Brdy. The structure has been created as a 3D model, the internal forces have been calculated with the use o finite element method in a structural engineering software Scia Engineer 15.1. Based on the knowledge of theses forces the design of the structural systems has been done. The materials used on this construction are glued laminated timber and steel. The height of the tower is 25,725 m. The floor plan is a shape of a circle and fluctuating smaller with the gaining height. The main structural systém consists of 8 curved posts which are radiály situated on the circular floor plan. The tower has 3 observational platforms.