This dissertation is composed of three parts of contributions. Systems of a fully penetrating pumping well in a confined aquifer near a fully penetrating stream with and without streambeds are discussed in Chapter II. In Chapter III, stream-aquifer systems with a fully penetrating pumping well in a confined aquifer between two parallel fully penetrating streams with and without streambeds are discussed. Stream depletion rates in Chapter II are solved using Laplace and Fourier transform methods, and stream depletion rates in Chapter III are solved using the potential method. Chapter II presents analytical solutions in the Laplace domain for general stream depletion rates caused by a pumping well and caused by stream stage fluctuations. For seasonal case, the stream stage is a function of time. For an individual flood wave, the stream stage is a function of time and distance along the stream. Semi-analytical solutions of seasonal stream depletion rates in time domain, using a cosine function to simulate stream stage fluctuations, are presented. The stream depletion rate caused by pumping is solved analytically, while the stream depletion rate caused by stream stage fluctuations is solved numerically. Various parameters affecting stream depletion rates, such as flood period and streambed, are analyzed. For a short-term case, the pumping rate is assumed to be constant, and a Gaussian function is used as an example of floodwaves. This part is solved using the same method as used in the seasonal case. Early time and late time approximations of the stream depletion rates are also presented. This approximation leads to an interesting finding that the stream depletion rate caused by seasonal stream stage fluctuations can be neglected if the stream aquifer system has a long time to equilibrate. In Chapter III, analytical stream depletion rates caused by a pumping well between two parallel streams with and without streambeds are presented. In this chapter, stream stage is assumed to be constant. Capture zone delineations were analyzed in the case without streambed. For the case with streambed, streambed conductance, which is an important factor controlling stream depletion, is analyzed. All solutions discussed in this dissertation can be used to predict stream depletion rates and to estimate parameters controlling stream depletion rates, which is crucial for water management. In addition to the stream depletion, the derived semi-analytical solutions in the Laplace-Fourier domain can also be used to predict drawdown in the aquifer near the stream. The derived solutions may also be used inversely to find the streambed and aquifer parameters if the stream stage fluctuation can be well described.

This dissertation is composed of three parts of contributions. Systems of a fully penetrating pumping well in a confined aquifer near a fully penetrating stream with and without streambeds are discussed in Chapter II. In Chapter III, stream-aquifer systems with a fully penetrating pumping well in a confined aquifer between two parallel fully penetrating streams with and without streambeds are discussed. Stream depletion rates in Chapter II are solved using Laplace and Fourier transform methods, and stream depletion rates in Chapter III are solved using the potential method. Chapter II presents analytical solutions in the Laplace domain for general stream depletion rates caused by a pumping well and caused by stream stage fluctuations. For seasonal case, the stream stage is a function of time. For an individual flood wave, the stream stage is a function of time and distance along the stream. Semi-analytical solutions of seasonal stream depletion rates in time domain, using a cosine function to simulate stream stage fluctuations, are presented. The stream depletion rate caused by pumping is solved analytically, while the stream depletion rate caused by stream stage fluctuations is solved numerically. Various parameters affecting stream depletion rates, such as flood period and streambed, are analyzed. For a short-term case, the pumping rate is assumed to be constant, and a Gaussian function is used as an example of floodwaves. This part is solved using the same method as used in the seasonal case. Early time and late time approximations of the stream depletion rates are also presented. This approximation leads to an interesting finding that the stream depletion rate caused by seasonal stream stage fluctuations can be neglected if the stream aquifer system has a long time to equilibrate. In Chapter III, analytical stream depletion rates caused by a pumping well between two parallel streams with and without streambeds are presented. In this chapter, stream stage is assumed to be constant. Capture zone delineations were analyzed in the case without streambed. For the case with streambed, streambed conductance, which is an important factor controlling stream depletion, is analyzed. All solutions discussed in this dissertation can be used to predict stream depletion rates and to estimate parameters controlling stream depletion rates, which is crucial for water management. In addition to the stream depletion, the derived semi-analytical solutions in the Laplace-Fourier domain can also be used to predict drawdown in the aquifer near the stream. The derived solutions may also be used inversely to find the streambed and aquifer parameters if the stream stage fluctuation can be well described.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:54:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:09:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:54:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:09:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Este trabalho apresenta uma solução analítica obtida pelo método de expansão para cinética espacial usando o modelo de difusão e considerando meios homogêneos multiplicativos subcríticos acionados por fonte externa. Em particular, partindo de modelos mais simples e aumentando a complexidade do sistema, resultados foram obtidos para diferentes tipos de transientes. Inicialmente, uma solução analítica foi obtida considerando um grupo de energia sem nêutrons atrasados, em seguida considerou-se um sistema de um grupo de energia e uma família de precursores. A solução para o caso G grupos de energia e R famílias de precursores em forma fechada é obtida, apesar do fato que não possa ser resolvido analiticamente, uma vez que não existe forma explícita para os autovalores e métodos numéricos devem ser utilizados para resolver tal problema. Para ilustrar a solução geral um problema de multigrupo (três grupos de energia) dependente do tempo sem precursores é apresentada e os resultados numéricos obtidos usando um código de diferenças finitas são comparados com os resultados exatos para diferentes tipos de transientes. / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

The Eshelby-Stroh formalism is used to analyze the generalized plane strain quasistatic deformations of an anisotropic, linear elastic laminated plate.The formulation admits any set of boundary conditions on the edges and long faces of the laminate. Each lamina may be generally anisotropic with as many as 21 independent elastic constants. The three dimensional governing differential equations are satisfied at every point of the body.The boundary conditions and interface continuity conditions are satisfied in the sense of a Fourier series. Results are presented for three sample problems to illustrate the versatility of the method. The solution methodology is generalized to study the deformation of finite rectangular plates subjected to arbitrary boundary conditions. The effect of truncation of the series on the accuracy of the solution is carefully examined. Results are presented for thick plates with two opposite edges simply supported and the other two subjected to eight different boundary conditions. The results are compared with three different plate theories.The solution exhibits boundary layers at the edges except when they are simply supported. Results are presented in tabular form for different sets of edge boundary conditions to facilitate comparisons with predictions from various plate theories and finite element formulations. The Eshelby-Stroh formalism is also extended to study the generalized plane deformations of piezothermoelastic laminated plates. The method is capable of analyzing laminated plates with embedded piezothermoelastic patches. Results are presented for a thermoelastic problem and laminated elastic plates with piezothermoelastic lamina attached to its top surface. When a PZT actuator patch is attached to an elastic cantilever substrate, it is observed that the transverse shear stress and transverse normal stress are very large at the corners of the PZT-substrate interface. This dissertation is organized in the form of three self-contained chapters each of which will be submitted for possible publication in a journal. / Ph. D.

No / The advection–dispersion equation (ADE) is one of the most widely used methods for estimating natural stream pollution at different locations and times. In this paper, variational iteration method (VIM) is utilized to obtain a semianalytical solution for 1D ADE in a temporally dependent solute dispersion within uniformsteady flow. Through a computational validation, the effect of different parameters such as uniform flow velocity and dispersion coefficient on the solute concentration values has been investigated. Results show that the change in velocity has a strong effect on fluid density variation. However, when the diffusion coefficient has been increased, the change in flow and velocity behaviors is negligible. To verify the proposed semianalytical solution, the results were compared to analytical solutions and errors were found to be <0.7% in all simulations.

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No description available.

Horizontal wells have been used to increase reservoir recovery, especially in unconventional reservoirs, and hydraulic fracturing has been applied to further extend the contact with the reservoir to increase the efficiency of development. In the past, many models, analytical or numerical, were developed to describe the flow behavior in horizontal wells with fractures. Source solution is one of the analytical/semi-analytical approaches. To solve fractured well problems, source methods were advanced from point sources to volumetric source, and pressure change inside fractures was considered in the volumetric source method. This study aims at developing a method that can predict horizontal well performance and the model can also be applied to horizontal wells with multiple fractures in complex natural fracture networks. The method solves the problem by superposing a series of slab sources under transient or pseudosteady-state flow conditions. The principle of the method comprises the calculation of semi-analytical response of a rectilinear reservoir with closed outer boundaries. A statistically assigned fracture network is used in the study to represent natural fractures based on the spacing between fractures and fracture geometry. The multiple dominating hydraulic fractures are then added to the natural fracture system to build the physical model of the problem. Each of the hydraulic fractures is connected to the horizontal wellbore, and the natural fractures are connected to the hydraulic fractures through the network description. Each fracture, natural or hydraulically induced, is treated as a series of slab sources. The analytical solution of superposed slab sources provides the base of the approach, and the overall flow from each fracture and the effect between the fractures are modeled by applying superposition principle to all of the fractures. It is assumed that hydraulic fractures are the main fractures that connect with the wellbore and the natural fractures are branching fractures which only connect with the main fractures. The fluid inside of the branch fractures flows into the main fractures, and the fluid of the main fracture from both the reservoir and the branch fractures flows to the wellbore. Predicting well performance in a complex fracture network system is extremely challenged. The statistical nature of natural fracture networks changes the flow characteristic from that of a single linear fracture. Simply using the single fracture model for individual fracture, and then adding the flow from each fracture for the network could introduce significant error. This study provides a semi-analytical approach to estimate well performance in a complex fracture network system.

An alongshore sediment transport and shoreline change analysis on Galveston Island in the period of 1990-2001 is conducted in this study using the Generalized Model for Simulating Shoreline Change (GENESIS). The study is divided into three main parts: 1. Assessment of the numerical accuracy of GENESIS, 2. Assessment of the alongshore sediment transport and shoreline change on the Galveston coast in the period of 1990-2001, and 3. Assessment of several erosion control practices on the Galveston coast for the period of 2001-2011. The first assessment shows that GENESIS has a numerical error which tends to be large for low energy wave (small breaking wave height) and large breaking wave angle. This numerical inaccuracy cannot be neglected and needs to be compensated for. This can be done, for instance, by adjusting the transport parameter K1. In the second assessment, good agreement between the calculated and measured transport/shoreline is achieved, particularly on the West Beach. Comparison between the potential alongshore sediment transport and sediment budget-inferred alongshore transport provides a systematic way of selecting the proper wave data set for the alongshore and shoreline change calculation. The third assessment proves that beach nourishment is the best alternative to overcome/reduce the erosion problem on the Galveston coast. Constructing coastal structure (groins, offshore breakwater) on the West Beach does not resolve the problem of erosion, but instead shifts it further west.