<p>[missing page 206,207,208]</p> / <p>The archaeology of children is a burgeoning sub-field within archaeology whose purpose is to make children visible by unearthing the child's world through the analysis of the archaeological correlates of their activities. The overarching goal of this research is to demonstrate the feasibility in conducting an archaeology of children while providing an example of how such a study can be executed. This is done through examining the role of children in ceramic innovation in prehistoric Huron society. The artefact category ofjuvenile pots is used to address this question. Traditionally juvenile pots have been subjectively classified according to small size and assumptions ofcrudity. In this study, the traditional criteria are re-evaluated and a diachronic stylistic comparison between juvenile and adult pots is conducted. The results indicate that juvenile pots are generally not as well made as the adult pots, so there is some validity to the traditional criteria, and that the forming of the vessels seems to be ofgreater importance than their decoration. Through the examination of style transmission, interactions between three generations became visible. Children were being influenced by and interacting with mothers and grandmothers in a learning environment which appears to have been sufficiently informal to allow style transmission to travel back and forth. Children then appear to have been part of the process of innovation.</p> / Master of Arts (MA)

This dissertation focuses on social organization in the Mirabello region of Crete from the Final Neolithic to the end of the Protopalatial period. The primary goal of this study is to provide a more localized and nuanced understanding of the political and economic strategies that preceded the rise of palatial administration. Traditionally, explanations of social change in Pre- and Protopalatial Crete were expressed broadly as island-wide phenomena that occurred either gradually through internal evolutionary processes, or suddenly, in response to foreign contacts and ideas. Rather than attempting to understand the development of Minoan culture as a whole, or viewing change in terms of evolution or influence, this regional study focuses on a range of local factors, including the cycles of growth and collapse observable in the archaeological record. Here, a dual-processualist approach is employed in order to better explain these shifts. This approach contrasts two types of political behavior, network and corporate, which are not mutually exclusive, but operate concurrently and according to varying degrees within the same society. It is argued here that EM I-II network strategies were effective in generating wealth and status, but were ultimately limited by their focus on exclusionary and competitive behaviors. At the end of EM IIB, a series of destructions seems to have initiated a shift toward more corporate organization, which is evident in both settlement patterns and mortuary practices. The character of the evidence, when compared with the earlier period, suggests that this new form of organization was ideological, rather than wealth-centered, and was built upon the creation of larger corporate identities, which were legitimized through the control of communal rituals and degrees of access to a shared ancestral past. / Art History

Yes / In many ways, the thrift store reflects the greater goals of archaeology as a discipline, in which we develop the bigger picture of the past, but also take time to examine the smaller threads of everyday lives. Intermingling of contexts is already a frustrating problem for current day archaeologists – but imagine the horror that would face you within a thrift store?

Distributions of prehistoric sites in southern New England are evaluated for the past 12,000 years. Currently popular assumptions and propositions concerning the distribution of prehistoric sites across the landscape, settlement patterns, population change, and the effect of environmental change on human groups are evaluated using a regional computer data base of more than 5,000 sites. Many of the propositions have been based on local observations, but are shown to be valid in the rest of the region. Some are not supportable. Fluctuations in site frequency since Paleoindian times are compared with changes in the region's pollen record. Results suggest that two episodes of mast pollen decline occurred during the seventh and sixth millennia and after the fourth. Both episodes correlate with a decline in prehistoric site frequency, as does the onset of a colder climate 2,000 years ago. Peaks in mast pollen frequency correspond with peaks in the frequency of prehistoric sites and a catastrophic decline of hemlock pollen at 4,500 B.P. A subsequent increase in mast-pollen at the time corresponds with the greatest number of sites in prehistory. These correlations have important implications for understanding prehistoric human behavior. Computer-generated site distributional maps are provided at thousand year intervals starting with the Paleoindian millennia (10,000 to 12,000 B.P.). Maps are generated for 47 diagnostic artifact styles recognized for the region. The spatial distribution of sites is evaluated using geological, climatic and environmental data in a Geographic information system.

This research focuses upon the first 100 years of occupation of the British Bay Settlement (Belize), a period characterized by large-scale transformation from an egalitarian maritime society to a mainstream British colonial society. Toward the end of the seventeenth century, small groups of maritime laborers seeking alternatives to their arduous occupations began settling in Spanish territory along the southeastern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula and cutting logwood for the European dyeing industries. In the sparsely inhabited forest, the settlers created a highly collective society based on a system of rules and values that had evolved among shipboard communities of Atlantic working-class mariners in response to their dangerous work environment, low status in a hierarchical economic structure, and social isolation from mainstream European culture. By the late eighteenth century, a socially stratified settlement utilizing a large slave-labor force had evolved with a colonial economy oriented toward cutting and exporting mahogany. Although both the early and later communities were characterized by seasonal encampments in remote up-river locales occupied by socially marginalized and economically disenfranchised populations, data show that there were few actual similarities between the two divergent social and economic systems. A program of documentary research and archaeological survey undertaken in the New and Belize River valleys located and investigated an array of wood-cutter camps of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Seventeen historical-period sites were located and investigated through surface collection in the New River valley, many of which related to slave-based mahogany extraction. Excavations were undertaken at two Belize River valley locales: the barcadares was an early eighteenth-century community of independent logwood-cutting mariners, and is the earliest identified British settlement in Belize; Convention Town was a community of slave-owning wood cutters who evacuated the Mosquito Shore in 1787. Documentary analysis of maps, censuses, and accounts of travel is integrated with archaeological analysis of material culture from the wood-cutting camps in order to investigate, compare, and provide contextually-based explanations for the geographical patterning and social functioning of the settlement during the divergent eras of logwood and mahogany extraction.

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Texas at Arlington, 2009.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Texas at Arlington, 2009.

Thesis (doctoral)--Tel-Aviv University, 1973.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. / Open access. Includes bibliographical references (p. 176-196). Print copy also available.

Habilitationsschrift--Düsseldorf. / Includes bibliographical references and indexes.