La présente recherche collaborative vise à étudier les pratiques de lecture à haute voix d’enseignantes expertes et leur influence sur le développement de l’habileté des élèves du préscolaire à faire des inférences. Plus précisément, nous décrivons les interventions, lors des lectures à haute voix, de quatre enseignantes expertes que nous avons formées pour travailler la compréhension inférentielle et les comparons à celles de deux enseignantes expertes non formées (objectif 1). Puis, nous examinons l’influence de leurs pratiques de lecture à haute voix sur le développement de l’habileté à faire des inférences de leurs élèves (n=92) (objectif 2). Enfin, nous nous intéressons, à titre exploratoire, au potentiel de la recherche collaborative comme voie de développement professionnel des enseignants (objectif 3). Afin d’atteindre nos objectifs, nous avons observé les enseignantes à quatre reprises, lors de lectures d’albums de littérature de jeunesse. Les données obtenues à partir de ces pratiques observées ont été complétées par celles issues des pratiques déclarées des enseignantes pour toute la durée de la recherche (neuf semaines). De plus, nous avons évalué l’habileté à réaliser des inférences des élèves de ces six enseignantes à deux reprises, au début et à la fin de la recherche. Finalement, les enseignantes ont rempli deux questionnaires écrits sur l’impact de cette recherche sur leurs pratiques, l’un à la fin de la recherche et l’autre deux ans après celle-ci. Nos résultats indiquent que si toutes les enseignantes travaillaient les inférences, il existe cependant des différences notables dans leur façon de mener ce travail. Trois des enseignantes formées (enseignantes 1, 2 et 3) ont majoritairement privilégié la co-élaboration du sens des épisodes implicites et se sont montrées très efficaces pour soutenir leurs élèves dans ce travail de construction du sens. L’autre enseignante formée (enseignante 4), en raison d’une appropriation difficile du contenu de la formation, n’est pas parvenue à offrir à ses élèves un étayage adéquat, malgré ses nombreuses tentatives pour les amener à faire des inférences. Les enseignantes non formées (enseignantes 5 et 6) ont, quant à elles, misé plus fréquemment sur la transmission du sens des épisodes implicites et ont également soutenu moins efficacement leurs élèves dans l’élaboration du sens. Ces différences dans la façon de travailler les inférences se sont répercutées sur la progression des élèves entre le début et la fin de la recherche. Ceux des enseignantes 1, 2 et 3 obtiennent des résultats significativement supérieurs à ceux des trois autres enseignantes. Ainsi, il ne suffit pas de travailler les inférences lors des lectures à haute voix pour assurer la progression des élèves. D’autres facteurs revêtent aussi une grande importance : le choix d’oeuvres de qualité, l’engagement des élèves dans les discussions pour co-élaborer le sens et l’étayage adéquat de l’enseignant. Enfin, il semblerait que l’activité réflexive suscitée lors d’une participation à une recherche collaborative et le soutien offert par l’étudiante-chercheuse aient donné aux enseignantes la possibilité d’apporter des changements durables dans leurs pratiques. En ce sens, la recherche collaborative paraît être une voie prometteuse pour contribuer au développement professionnel des enseignants. / This collaborative research is an attempt to study expert teachers' reading aloud practices and their impact on the development of preschool students’ ability to make inferences. First, the interventions of four expert teachers specifically trained to work inferences while reading aloud are described and compared with those of two non trained expert teachers (objective 1). Next, the impact of all teachers’ practices on the development of their students’ ability to make inferences (n=92) is examined (objective 2). Finally, we look into collaborative research as a way to support professional development for teachers (objective 3). In order to attain our objectives, we observed participant teachers four times while they were reading children’s books. Data gathered from those observations were completed with other data provided by the teachers about their practices over a nine-week period. Moreover, the ability of the students to make inferences was assessed twice: once at the beginning and once at the end of the research. Teachers also completed two written questionnaires, one at the beginning and the other 2 years after the end of this research, concerning the impacts of their participation in this research on their practices. While all teachers worked inferences with their students, our results showed that there are significant differences in the way they do it. Three of the trained teachers (number 1, 2, and 3) predominantly put emphasis on co-elaboration of the implicit episodes’ meaning and gave their students appropriate scaffolding. Because she found it difficult to assimilate training contents, the other trained teacher (number 4) failed - not without numerous attempts - to offer the same kind of scaffolding. As for the two non trained teachers (number 5 and 6), they gave preference to the transmission of the implicit episodes’ meaning, and supported their students less efficiently when they tried to elaborate it. The differences in how the work on inferences was done had an impact on students’ progression from the beginning to the end of the research. Three of the trained teachers’ students had significantly superior results in comparison to the others’. Therefore, a specific work on inferences only does not ensure that students will make progress. There are other important contributing factors: choosing quality books, students’ involvement in discussions in order to co-elaborate the text’s meaning, and appropriate scaffolding from the teacher. Finally, according to our results, a participation in a collaborative research, which promotes reflexivity and offers coaching, seems to give the teachers the opportunity to bring about long-term changes in their practices. In consequence, a participation in that type of research appears to contribute to teachers’ professional development.

The concept of biodiversity – the phenotypic and genotypic variation among organisms – is central to conservation biology. There is growing recognition that biodiversity does not exist in isolation, but rather is intrinsically and evolutionarily linked to cultural diversity and indigenous knowledge systems. In Canada, caribou (Rangifer tarandus) occupy a central place in the livelihoods and identities of indigenous people and display substantial variation across their distribution. However, quantifying caribou intraspecific variation has proven challenging. Interdisciplinary approaches are necessary to produce effective species characterizations and conservation strategies that acknowledge the interdependent relationships between people and nature in complex social-ecological systems. In this dissertation I use multiple disciplinary traditions to develop comprehensive and united representations of caribou variation through an exploration of population genetics, phylogenetics, traditional knowledge, language, and visual approaches in the Sahtú region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. First, I examine caribou variation through analysis of population genetics and the relationships Dene and Métis people establish with animals within bioculturally diverse systems. Next, I focus on how the Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles have shaped the current patterns of caribou phylogeographic lineage diversification. Finally, I explore how art can be used to facilitate cross-cultural collaboration and externalize the unique heterogeneity of biocultural diversity. The results demonstrate a broad scale understanding of the distribution, spatial organization, and the degree of differentiation of caribou populations in the region. I found evidence for caribou population differentiation that corresponds to the caribou types recognized by Dene people: tǫdzı “boreal woodland caribou,” ɂekwę́ “barren-ground caribou,” and shúhta ɂepę́ “mountain caribou.” Phylogenetic results reveal that in their northern margin the boreal ecotype of woodland caribou evolved independently from the northern Beringian lineage in contrast with southern boreal caribou which belong to the sub-Laurentide refugia lineage. In addition, I demonstrate how art can be used improve communication, participation, and knowledge production among interdisciplinary research collaborations and across language and knowledge systems. A collaborative process of research that facilitates łeghágots'enetę “learning together” has the potential to produce sustainable conservation solutions, develop efficient and effective wildlife management policies, and ensure caribou remain an important part of the landscape. / February 2017

La crise éducative et économique mondiale génère un besoin de revoir les finalités éducatives et de réformer la pensée. « Les sept savoirs nécessaires pour l’éducation du futur », d’Edgar Morin, visent un humanisme démocratique et scientifique. C’est dans cette optique, et avec ce cadre épistémologique, que nous avons constitué une recherche collaborative internationale sur la formation de formateurs, au sein du mouvement de l’École Moderne. Une confrontation coopérative interculturelle a commencé, dans un premier temps, par une observation participante armée dans 5 pays européens, afin de travailler la dimension macro et méso de leurs systèmes éducatifs, et pour développer un réseau international qui a officiellement vu le jour lors de la rencontre physique d’enseignants et de formateurs de différents pays européens en 2009. Elle a révélé, au niveau méso et micro, des points aveugles, et elle a engendré, dans un second temps, une autoformation coopérative, grâce à l’émergence de nouvelles didactiques professionnelles socioconstructivistes. Celles-ci ont été mises en œuvre dans le cadre de la formation d’enseignants en février 2010, à Valencia, et de formateurs, en juillet 2010, à Nantes, avec un public hétérogène issu de 3 continents. Fondées sur l’articulation entre « tâtonnement expérimental » et coopération, elles représentent un lien entre éducation, formation et recherche. Elles développent la capacité à travailler en équipe, la créativité et la réflexivité. Ce travail de thèse montre que la diversité culturelle peut être source de richesse, d’intelligence collective internationale, et d’apprentissage transformateur, développant un « ingenium » transférable dans différents contextes, notamment en matière de formation de formateurs. / The educational and economic crisis generates a need to re-examine the education purposes and to reform the thought. “The seven knowledge necessary to educate the future”, (Morin E., 1999), aims at a democratic and scientific humanism. We constituted an international collaborative research on teacher training, supported by this philosophical and epistemological framework, within the the Modern School movement. An intercultural co-operative confrontation started, initially, by a participating observation in 5 European countries, in order to work macro and meso dimensions of their educational systems, and to develop an international network which officially came out during a physical meeting of teachers and trainers from various European countries, in 2009. It revealed blind points, on meso and micro levels, and generated a co-operative self-directed training, in a second step, thanks to the emergence of new professional socioconstructivist didactics, within the framework of teachers training, in February 2010, in Valencia, and trainers training, in July 2010, in Nantes, with a heterogeneous public of 3 continents. Based on the articulation between “experimental probing” and co-operation, they connect education, training and research. They develop ability to work in team, creativity and reflexivity. This thesis shows that cultural diversity can generate empowerment and international collective intelligence, transformative learning, developing a transferable “ingenium” in various contexts.

O objetivo principal desta pesquisa orientou-se pela intenção de dar visibilidade à produção brasileira em Educação de pesquisas tipo pesquisa-ação / investigação-ação, focalizando, sobretudo, a pesquisa-ação colaborativa. Essas concepções de pesquisa estimulam a aproximação entre professores e pesquisadores, por meio da colaboração em processos investigativos desenvolvidos com, para e pelos professores sobre as práticas escolares. Na maioria dos casos, tais pesquisas foram desenvolvidas nas escolas. Este estudo foi desenvolvido em quatro estágios: O primeiro é constituído por um estudo bibliográfico que objetivou indicar os teóricos que influíram nessa modalidade de pesquisa em seu enraizamento no Brasil. Para isso, tomamos alguns autores: Saul, Freire, Thiollent, Barbier, Costa, André, Nóvoa, Geraldi, Fiorentini, Pereira, Stenhouse, Elliott, Carr, Kemmis e Zeichner. Num segundo momento, fizemos um mapeamento das dissertações e teses tipo pesquisa-ação / investigação-ação produzidas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação do Brasil no período entre 1966-2002, apresentando-os em categorias e subcategorias investigadas. O terceiro é constituído por um estudo documental qualitativo sobre uma amostra de pesquisas-ação, designadas por pesquisas-ação colaborativas. Procuramos dar visibilidade aos processos empreendidos em tais pesquisas: Como se organizaram? Como os processos foram conduzidos? Que estratégias foram utilizadas pelos pesquisadores para estimular o professor a refletir e a investigar suas práticas? Como aconteceu o processo de mudança? No que os professores mudaram? Que problemas enfrentaram? Que procedimentos de análise e coleta de dados utilizaram? Na quarta sessão, traçamos nossas considerações finais. Nela procuramos relacionar as práticas empreendidas nas teses e dissertações estudadas (categorias empíricas: focos das pesquisas; espaço de concretização das pesquisas; organização processual das pesquisas; repercussão do processo; problemas enfrentados; e recursos metodológicos utilizados) e as teorias sobre pesquisa-ação. / The main object of this research aimed for giving visibility to the Brazilian production in action-research / action-inquiry, focusing overall on collaborative action-research. These research\'s conceptions stimulates the approach among teachers and researchers, by collaborating on investigative proceedings developed with, for e by teachers on school practices. In most cases, those researches were developed in schools. This study was developed in four sections: The first one is formed by a bibliographic study that aimed to indicate the theoreticians that have influenced this modality of research in Brazil. In order to achieve that some authors were taken: Saul, Freire, Thiollent, Barbier, Costa, André, Nóvoa, Geraldi, Fiorentini, Pereira, Stenhouse, Elliott, Carr, Kemmis and Zeichner. On the second part we have mapped dissertations and thesis on this kind of action-research, produced in Post Graduation Programs of Education in Brazil, between 1966-2002, presenting them in categories and subcategories investigated. The third one is formed by a qualitative documental study about a sample of actionresearches, designed by collaborative action-researches. It aimed to give visibility to process undertaken in those researches. How did they get organized? How the process were lead? Which strategies were used by the researches to stimulate teachers to reflect and investigate their practices? How happened the changing process? How have the teachers changed? What kind of problems they faced? Which proceedings of analysis and collecting of data did they use? On the fourth section, supported by the first and third parts, we related the practices undertaken in thesis and dissertations studied (empirical categories: researches\'s focus; space of materialization of the researches; procedural organization of the researches; repercussion of the process; problems faced and; methodological resources used) and the theories about action-research.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:23:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Miguel Martins Garcia.pdf: 2030272 bytes, checksum: fef4af7218de911119fbb19cc97c2b70 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aimed at critically understanding the construction of a teacher training practice between the researcher-teacher and a teacher of a BA distance course in Management. It is based on the following questions: What are the knowledge production modes in the teacher's practice with learners in the forums? How do the teacher-student relations observed in the forums permeate the reflective sessions between teacher and researcher? What are the distance relations established among participants? Which results are revealed? How do the distance relations between the direct participants (teacher and researcher) and the indirect participants (teacher and students) affect the concept and define distance knowledge production? What defines distance education? The theoretical and methodological bases of the work arise from the Dialectical and Historical Materialism (MARX, 1845-46/2007) which considers research as a movement from the practice, real world, to the theory, ideal world. It also considered that the relations between the subjects occur in dialectical movements motivated by a need and mediated by instruments; Socio-Historical Theory (VYGOTSKY, 1935/1998), which inserts language as a genuine instrument in human relations and discusses learning and development from the perspective of the ZPD; Activity Theory (LEONTIEV, 1972); Language in critical-collaborative relations (MAGALHÃES, 2012); Argumentation (LIBERALI e FUGA, 2012; MAGALHÃES, NININ e LESSA, 2014); Critical teacher education (LIBERALI, 2006); Interactive approaches to Distance Education (VALENTE, 2003a); Transactional distance (MOORE, 1993/2002). The results demonstrated the impossibility of knowledge production in teacher and students relationship in the QeA forums, as the preference was given to the use of the Message tool, which provides private relations (student-teacher) instead of collective forums (teacher-student and student-student). Therefore, these non-existent relations in the forums influenced and transformed the perspective of the relations between teacher and researcher in reflective sessions, becoming a locus of critical teacher education in Distance Education contexts. As far as the relations of distance between the participants are concerned, they showed that the knowledge production occurs in a transmissive approach, from the perspective of virtualization of the traditional school and with the teacher centralizing the actions and distributing "knowledge". This research showed that the concept of distance needs to be thoroughly rethought in the current scenario as the technological resources which have characterized Distance Education so far deconstructing its spatiotemporal foundations more and more. Besides, it allowed the construction of a critical-collaborative practice between researcher and teacher enabling questioning, negotiating and reframing the sense of Distance Education. At the end of the meetings, the teacher considers that the priority is not to discuss the new digital technologies as well as their possibilities, but to deepen the pedagogical discussion in critical perspective in order to know how to use the available tools in each context better / Este trabalho teve como objetivo compreender criticamente a construção de uma prática de formação de professores que se deu à distância entre um professor pesquisador e um professor de curso superior de Administração na modalidade de Educação a Distância. Partiu das seguintes questões: Quais os modos de produção de conhecimento na prática do professor com os alunos nos fóruns? Como as relações professor-aluno observadas nos fóruns permeiam as sessões reflexivas entre professor e pesquisador? Quais são as relações de distância estabelecidas entre os participantes? Que resultados são revelados? Como as relações de distância estabelecidas entre os participantes diretos (professor e pesquisador) e indiretos (professor e alunos) afetam o conceito e definem produção de conhecimento à distância? O que define a educação à distância? As bases teórico-metodológicas do trabalho são oriundas do Materialismo Histórico-Dialético (MARX, 1845-46/2007), que considera a investigação como um movimento que parte da prática, do mundo real, para a teoria, o mundo idealizado. Considerou ainda que as relações entre os sujeitos ocorrem em movimentos dialéticos motivados por uma necessidade e mediadas por instrumentos; com base na Teoria Sócio-Histórica (VYGOTSKY, 1935/1998), que insere a linguagem como instrumento por excelência nas relações humanas e discute aprendizagem e desenvolvimento a partir da perspectiva da ZPD; na Teoria da Atividade (LEONTIEV, 1972); na percepção da linguagem nas relações colaborativo-críticas (MAGALHÃES, 2012); da Argumentação (LIBERALI e FUGA, 2012; MAGALHÃES, NININ e LESSA, 2014); da formação crítica de educadores (LIBERALI, 2006); das abordagens interativas da EAD (VALENTE, 2003a); e da Distância Transacional (MOORE, 1993/2002). Os resultados demonstraram a impossibilidade da produção de conhecimento na relação entre professor e alunos nos fóruns de dúvidas, pois a preferência foi pelo uso da ferramenta "Mensagem", que proporciona relações privadas (aluno-professor) e não coletivas como os fóruns (professor-aluno e aluno-aluno). Dessa forma, essas relações inexistentes nos fóruns influenciaram e transformaram a perspectiva da relação professor-pesquisador nas sessões reflexivas, tornando-as um locus de formação crítica de docente para atuação na EAD. Já as relações de distância entre os participantes evidenciaram que a produção de conhecimento ocorre de forma transmissiva, na perspectiva da virtualização da escola tradicional e com o professor centralizando as ações e distribuindo o conhecimento . Esta pesquisa evidenciou que o conceito de distância precisa ser profundamente repensado na EAD atual, dado que os recursos tecnológicos cada vez mais desconstroem os fundamentos espaço-temporal que a caracterizaram até agora. Além disso, permitiu a construção de uma prática crítico-colaborativa entre pesquisador e professor, capaz de questionar, negociar e ressignificar o sentido de educação a distância. O professor considera que, ao término dos encontros, a prioridade não é discutir as novas tecnologias digitais e suas possibilidades e, sim, aprofundar a discussão pedagógica na perspectiva crítica para saber como melhor utilizar as ferramentas de que se dispõe em cada contexto

Este estudo teve como premissa principal a análise das práticas de pesquisa e produção acadêmica dos docentes efetivos e dos colaboradores da área de Ciências Biológicas e Ciências Ambientais do IFRS Campus Porto Alegre. Traça os percursos metodológicos utilizados, tendo como suporte as abordagens bibliométricas e cientométricas. Analisa a produção gerada através dos Grupos e Linhas de Pesquisas oriundas da área analisada. Paralelamente, tece um apanhado teórico sobre a transdisciplinaridade existente na configuração da formação do corpo docente que atua nos Cursos de Técnico em Biotecnologia e Tecnólogo em Ciências Ambientais do IFRS Campus Porto Alegre. Abarca as temáticas da comunicação científica, das coautorias e das redes de pesquisa colaborativa, com intuito de traçar ponto de convergência com a produção intelectual gerada pelos pesquisadores analisados. Os dados apresentados foram obtidos por meio de consulta aos Currículos Lattes dos pesquisadores e dos Grupos de Pesquisa do CNPq. O estudo está sendo ampliado com a análise das redes de colaboração institucional em âmbito nacional e internacional. Por fim, conclui-se que é necessário um aprimoramento desses estudos para consolidar o IFRS no cenário da pesquisa e da pós-graduação regional, nacional e internacionalmente. / This study had as main premise the analysis of the research and academic production practices of the faculty and employees of the area of Biological Sciences and Environmental Sciences of the IFRS Campus Porto Alegre. Traces the methodological paths used, supported by bibliometric and scientometric approaches. It analyzes the production generated through the Groups and Lines of Research coming from the analyzed area. At the same time, he presents a theoretical overview of the transdisciplinarity that exists in the configuration of the faculty formation that works in the Biotechnology Technician and Environmental Sciences Technologist courses of the IFRS Campus Porto Alegre. It covers the themes of scientific communication, co-authoring and collaborative research networks, in order to draw a point of convergence with the intellectual production generated by the researchers analyzed. The data presented were obtained by consulting the Lattes curricula of researchers and research groups of CNPq. The study is being expanded with the analysis of the networks of institutional collaboration at national and international level. Finally, it is concluded that an improvement of these studies is necessary to consolidate the IFRS in the scenario of the research and of the regional, national and international graduation.

O estudo trata de pesquisa colaborativa realizada durante um ano por dois pesquisadores universitários e um grupo de doze professores de uma escola do campo de Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental do sudoeste do Paraná, com a promoção de reuniões semanais para análise, discussão e estudo da prática pedagógica. O projeto de educação continuada de professores tomou a escrita sobre a prática como um importante recurso formador para a melhoria da prática e para o desenvolvimento profissional docente. Tal potencialidade é analisada com base nos pressupostos sócio-históricos da linguagem e desenvolvimento humano, de Vigotski, na perspectiva dialógica e enunciativa, de Bakhtin, e na concepção de escrita como trabalho, de Riolfi. Alguns princípios se destacaram na orientação da pesquisa. (1) O caráter simbólico cultural da escrita, cujo aprendizado desempenha papel fundamental no desenvolvimento sociocultural do sujeito, por atuar na atividade mental mediada e exigir operações analíticas complexas e mais conscientizadas; a atitude de controle e deliberação que sua especificidade de dirigir-se a um interlocutor ausente ou imaginário implica e a maior abstração e intelectualização dos motivos que a determinam (VIGOTSKI). (2) Dos estudos de Bakhtin, os conceitos de diálogo, polifonia, alteridade, exotopia, gêneros do discurso, constituição semiótica da consciência, tributários da interação verbal, contribuíram para a compreensão da escrita no vínculo com a subjetividade e a produção de conhecimento. (3) De Garrido; Garrido, Pimenta e Moura; Giovanni; Mizukami, o conceito de reflexão como orientação para os processos formativos e para o desenvolvimento profissional de professores, a integração do conhecimento teórico aos saberes e práticas docentes, a relevância do contexto sócio-político e da produção de conhecimentos e aprendizagens sobre a docência. À luz desses fundamentos, e direcionando o foco às quatro alfabetizadoras da escola, analisa-se um conjunto de escritas desencadeadas no desenvolvimento de um projeto pedagógico coletivo pela escola: atas, diários, relatos da prática, textos de análise e avaliação da experiência. A análise evidenciou o papel formador da escrita, a agregação de um elevado nível de refinamento intelectual e elaboração reflexiva, pelo efeito de retroação e compreensão que produz e que movimenta as subjetividades. A textualização escrita da prática, pela mudança do gênero de discurso, esforço analítico, inclusão da alteridade e efeitos de deslocamento, inseriu as professoras num patamar de recriação da experiência e de desenvolvimento da própria esfera da prática educativa. Entre os principais resultados deste estudo, constataram-se contribuições dos estudos da linguagem e das atividades de escrita para a formação de professores: desenvolvimento da autoria e de atitudes e competências investigativas; reconhecimento de aspectos sociopolíticos que enleiam as práticas pedagógicas; valorização da aproximação pessoal entre os membros do grupo; fortalecimento da identidade profissional; valorização do conhecimento; desenvolvimento do compromisso ético-político com o ensino; mudanças conceituais sobre a escrita e a prática pedagógica e melhoria da prática. As contribuições conceituais de Bakhtin e Vigotski, principalmente pelo papel que concedem ao outro e à linguagem na produção da autoria, evidenciaram-se como uma valiosa sustentação teórica à pesquisa colaborativa e ao desenvolvimento profissional docente. / Collaborative research carried out by two university researchers and a group of twelve teachers at a country school in the Southwest of the state of Paraná (Brazil), who used to meet once a week for discussion, analysis of teaching practices in order to improve teaching and learning during one year. The In Service Teacher Education Program designed for this study was based on the assumption that writing over one´s own practice is an important formative resource for the improvement of teaching practice. This approach was inspired by Vigostski´s socio-historical aspects of language and human development, Bakhtin´s dialogical and enunciative perspective and Riolfi´s conception of writing as work. Some principles highlighted the research orientation. (1)The symbolic and cultural character of writing, whose learning plays basic role in one\'s sociocultural development, by acting in the mediated mental activity and by demanding complex analytical operations such as control, deliberation, great abstraction and intellectualization required to direct the writing message to an absent or imaginary interlocutor (VIGOTSKI). (2)From Bakhtin´s studies the concepts of dialogue, polyphony, alterity, speech genders, formation of the semiotic conscience, verbal interaction, writing comprehension linked to subjectivity and knowledge creation. (3)From Garrido; Garrido, Pimenta and Moura; Giovanni; Mizukami the concept of reflection as orientation to the formative processes of teacher\'s professional development, the articulation of theoretical knowledge and teacher´s representations and practices, the relevancy of the sociopolitical context on the production of teaching and learning knowledge. In the light of these fundaments, and directing the focus towards four school alphabetizers, a set of writings was analyzed: dairies, stories of their professional lives, evaluation texts over the experience. The analysis revealed the construccionist role of writing, aggregating a higher level of intellectual refinement and reflexive elaboration, offering feedback and analytical understanding of their practices and putting subjectivity into motion. The exercise of writing over their own practices, through the shift of gender of speech and analytical effort, has inserted teachers in an experience of re-creation, developing the authorship of their teaching practices. Among the main results found by this study in teachers development we stressed: authorship and investigative attitudes; recognition of sociopolitical aspect on the pedagogical practice; proximity between the members of the group; appreciation of knowledge; sociopolitical commitment towards teaching and learning; conceptual changes about writing and pedagogical practice and the improvement of practice itself. Bakhtin´s and Vigotski´s conceptual framework, particularly those related to language authorship, turned out to be a powerful theoretical support to collaborative research and to teacher professional development.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:29:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciane Guimaraes.pdf: 1021991 bytes, checksum: 3f8d62185a853edf4ab8eca21e84fd1b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-30 / The purpose of this study was to develop a collaborative research with the two teachers of English one of them being the researcher herself of a public university in the state of Goiás aiming at their professional development by means of reflective sessions about theoretical texts and about their own practices. This professional development, needless to say, is of great importance once the university is responsible for the education of the teachers that work in the city and in the neighboring towns. Nevertheless, this is a collaborative study that, differently from the majority, focuses on its difficulties as from the very beginning it was detected impediments to the collaboration between the participants and difficulties in promoting changes in the practical and theoretical conceptions of the participant teacher. Thus, as soon as these difficulties in terms of collaboration were identified, this work was restructured and its main objective became the analysis of the difficulties in the collaborative research by means of the following objectives: a) analyze the professional identity of the participant; b) analyze the professional identity of the researcher and the relationship established between the participant and the researcher; and c) examine the consequences of the reflective sessions in terms of change in the teaching practice. As theoretical background, three pillars of scientific knowledge gave support to the present research: a) studies of identity according to the cultural theory, and also the concept of identity according to the perspective of applied linguistics; b) the hierarchical relationship between the scientific knowledge and the practical knowledge of the teacher; c) Reflective teaching and the process of teacher change. The analysis of the data evidenced that the profile of the participant teacher as well as the profile of the researcher and the relationship established between them were aspects that inhibited the collaboration between both participants. The lack of collaboration between them, in turn, had as a consequence the failure in the promotion of changes and professional development of the participant teacher. As a result, this study demonstrates that collaboration in investigation contexts where there is clear asymmetry regarding authority and/or to official knowledge represents a difficult challenge to surpass. Besides that, the difficulty in collaboration can, in many cases, undermine the main objective of the reflective approach, which is the promotion of professional development and emancipatory pedagogical practice. / O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver uma pesquisa colaborativa com as duas professoras de inglês uma das quais a própria pesquisadora de uma universidade estadual do interior de Goiás, visando ao desenvolvimento profissional de ambas por meio de sessões reflexivas sobre textos teóricos e sobre suas práticas pedagógicas, desenvolvimento esse de grande relevância para a universidade, já que esta forma os professores de inglês que atuam na cidade e nas regiões circunvizinhas. Todavia, este é um estudo colaborativo no processo reflexivo que, diferentemente dos demais, enfoca seus entraves, visto que logo no início da pesquisa evidenciaram-se dificuldades na colaboração entre as participantes e também na promoção de mudanças na prática e nas concepções teóricas da participante. Assim, ao se identificarem as dificuldades em relação à colaboração, este trabalho foi reestruturado e o objetivo principal passou a ser a análise das dificuldades da pesquisa colaborativa por meio dos seguintes objetivos: a) analisar a identidade profissional da professora participante; b) analisar o perfil profissional da pesquisadora e a relação pesquisadora participante que se estabeleceu durante a instalação da pesquisa; e c) examinar as consequências das sessões reflexivas em termos de mudança da prática docente. Como aporte teórico, três pilares do conhecimento científico sustentaram a presente pesquisa: a) os estudos identitários na perspectiva dos estudos culturais e da linguística aplicada; b) a relação hierárquica entre o conhecimento acadêmico e o conhecimento prático do professor em sala de aula; c) o ensino reflexivo e o processo de mudança do professor. A análise dos dados evidenciou que tanto o perfil da participante quanto o meu perfil como pesquisadora e a relação que se estabeleceu entre nós foram aspectos que dificultaram a colaboração. A ausência de colaboração entre ambas, por sua vez, teve como consequência a dificuldade de promover mudanças na prática e o desenvolvimento profissional da participante. Destarte, este estudo demonstrou que o caráter colaborativo em contextos de investigação marcados por relações assimétricas em relação à autoridade e/ou ao conhecimento tido como oficial é um desafio difícil de ser superado. Além disso, esse entrave na colaboração muitas vezes compromete o objetivo principal da abordagem reflexiva, que é a promoção do desenvolvimento profissional com vistas a uma prática pedagógica emancipatória.

隨著全球科技迅速發展及國際化競爭的日益升高，競爭型態已由過去個別廠商間的競爭轉變為整體供應鏈體系間的競爭，運用企業間綿密的協同合作關係來強化整體供應鏈的團隊競爭力，已是企業在面對產業競爭的生存之道。本研究以一家國際品牌的電腦品牌商為個案研究的對象，主要在探討企業的新產品開發協同設計策略及如何選擇合作夥伴。本研究透過文獻探討新產品開發流程、產業分析與產業價值鏈的理論、與策略形態法，再透過資料收集與個案公司人員訪談，來分析個案在新產品開發活動價值單元及不同階段的合作模式以了解個案公司新產品開發的協同設計策略、執行狀況與策略夥伴的合作模式。 經由分析本個案，本研究發現地理位置、能力與資源、產品策略與新產品開發流程的複雜度會影響策略合作夥伴的選擇與新產品開發協同設計的合作模式。 / In response to the rapid changing of the technology and market, firms intend to choose the perfect-fit suppliers to be the strategic partner to build their own ECO system. This study aims to explore the corporate’s strategy in collaborative research and development and strategic partner selection- a case study for an international branding PCs company. This study starts with literature review of the new product development, industry analysis, value chain analysis and strat-egy posture analysis. To understand a firm’s strategy selection, I conduct multi-ple interviews with key members of the company regarding key activities of the new product development and collaborative development model at the stages. Through the analysis of this case study, the study found that the geography, ca-pability and resources, a firm’s marketing strategy and complexity of new product development process are the key factors to the choice of strategic partner and the model of collaborative research and development.

Die Dresden Summer School 2012 gliedert sich in vier aufeinander folgende Sektionen. Diese bestehen aus Vorträgen, Diskussionen, Workshops, Kuratorengesprächen und Führungen. Die Kooperation der fünf renommierten Dresdner Kunst-und Kulturstätten bietet den TeilnehmerInnen ein vielfältiges inhaltliches Angebot und einen Ideen- und Erfahrungsaustausch in verschiedenen Fachbereichen. Die Sektionen der Dresden Summer School 2012: 1. Digitalisierung in Museen und Bibliotheken. Erfahrungen, Methoden, Strategien. 2. Akademische Forschung und universitäre Sammlungen im digitalen Zeitalter. 3. Virtuelle Inventarisierung – Potentiale der Provenienzforschung. 4. Kulturelle Bildung und Social Media.