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Prozessdatenanalyse zur Inline-Verminderung von Störeinflüssen beim Ultraschallsiegeln / Process data analysis at ultrasonic sealing for inline prevention of failureThürling, Karsten 06 December 2016 (has links) (PDF)
Beim Siegeln von Verpackungen können nicht-qualitätsgerechte Siegelnähte dadurch entstehen, dass sich Teile des Packguts zwischen den zu fügenden Packmittelbahnen befinden. Im Gegensatz zum konventionellen Wärmekontaktsiegeln besteht beim Ultraschallsiegeln die Möglichkeit, für jeden einzelnen Siegelvorgang Prozessdaten zu erfassen. Aus dem Bereich des Ultraschallschweißens ist bekannt, dass sich anhand dieser Daten der Prozess überwachen und dessen Güte bewerten lässt.
Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht den Informationsgehalt dieser Prozessdaten hinsichtlich störungsbehafteter Siegelnähte und leistet damit einen Beitrag zur Verbesserung der Verpackungsqualität und damit im besten Fall auch zu weniger Lebensmittelverlusten. Es wird dazu zunächst eine Systematisierung von möglichen Störprinzipen beim Siegeln hinsichtlich ihrer physikalischen Wirkprinzipe vorgenommen. Darauf aufbauend konnte ein Versuchsstand und eine Methodik zur Untersuchung der Thematik entwickelt werden. Abschließend wurden ausgewählte Störprinzipe untersucht, wobei sich ein sehr starker Packstoff- und Einfluss der Prozessführung herausstellte. Es konnte ein prinzipieller Zusammenhang zwischen Auswirkung einer Störung auf die Nahtqualität und die Prozessdaten gezeigt werden, welcher sich jedoch auf Basis der erarbeiteten Ergebnisse nicht verallgemeinern lässt.
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Validación de una escala para evaluar contaminación de alimentos en el hogar, estudio en la zona rural de PerúLozada Urbano, Michelle, Rivera, Roger, Miranda, Doris, Gallegos Vergara, Clara, Reyes Villegas, María Ysabel, Xirinachs Salazar, Yanira 02 December 2014 (has links)
Objetivos: validar una escala para evaluar la contaminación de alimentos
en el hogar y, medir la validez y confiabilidad.
Métodos: se encuestaron madres o cuidadoras con niños menores a
5 años, en San Juan de Lurigancho en Lima Perú. La escala fue previamente
sometida a una calificación de jueces expertos. Se realizó
el análisis de factores con componentes principales, la consistencia
interna fue medida con Kuder–Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20) y la
validez de la prueba con el coeficiente Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) y el
test de esfericidad de Barlet.
Resultados: la muestra tuvo 194 cuidadoras. Se definieron tres componentes
(prácticas de limpieza, prácticas de almacenaje y contaminación
del niño) con un total de 10 ítems. El ítem Prácticas de limpieza
tuvo un KR-20=0.722 prácticas de almacenaje y contaminación de
alimentos 0.518 y 0.5 respectivamente. La validez de la prueba tuvo
un KMO = 0.549 y un test de Barlet 591.678 , gl =136, (p<0.05).
Conclusiones: esta escala puede contribuir a la planificación de intervenciones
en el aspecto de contaminación en el hogar y por lo tanto
reducir episodios de infecciones en los niños. / Objectives: To validate a scale to assess contamination of food at
home and measure the validity and reliability.
Methods: mothers or caregivers with children under 5 years were surveyed
in San Juan de Lurigancho in Lima Peru. The scale was previously
subject to a rating of expert judges. Factor analysis with principal
components was performed; the internal consistency was measured
with Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20) and the validity of the test
with the coefficient Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and the sphericity test
Barlet.
Results: The sample was 194 caregivers. Three components (Practices
cleaning, storage practices and pollution of the child) with a total of
10 items were identified. The item Cleaning Practices had a KR-20 =
0.722 storage practices and food contamination 0.518 and 0.5 respectively.
The validity of the test was KMO = 0.549 and 591,678. Barlet
test, df = 136, (p <0.05).
Conclusions: This scale can contribute to the planning of interventions
in the aspect of pollution in the home and thus reduce episodes of
infections in children.
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Investigation of Ultratrace Metallic and Organic Contaminants in Semiconductor Processing EnvironmentsXu, Fei, 1971- 05 1900 (has links)
Detection of ultratrace levels of metallic ion impurities in hydrofluoric acid solutions and alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution was demonstrated using a silicon-based sensing electrode. The sensor's operation principle is based on direct measurements of the silicon open-circuit potential shift generated by the interaction between metallic ions and the silicon-based sensing surface. The new sensor can have practical applications in the on-line monitoring of microelectronic chemical processing. The detection of Ag+ content in KODAK waste water was carried out successfully by this novel sensor. Trace levels of organic impurities in the hydrofluoric acid solutions and in the cleanroom air were characterized by multiple internal reflection infrared spectroscopy (MIRIS) using an organics probe prepared directly from a regular silicon wafer.
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Comparison of Remediation Methods in Different Hydrogeologic Settings Using Bioplume IIWhite, Sherry A. (Sherry Anne) 05 1900 (has links)
A contaminant fate and transport computer model, Bioplume II, which allows
simulation of bioremediation in ground water systems, was used to compare the effects of 11 remediation scenarios on a benzene plume. The plume was created in three different hydrogeologic settings from the simulation of an underground gasoline storage tank leak.
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Investigation of Copper Out-Plating Mechanism on Silicon Wafer SurfaceChien, Hsu-Yueh 08 1900 (has links)
As the miniaturization keeps decreasing in semiconductor device fabrication, metal contamination on silicon surfaces becomes critical. An investigation of the fundamental mechanism of metal contamination process on silicon surface is therefore important. Kinetics and thermodynamics of the copper out-plating process on silicon surfaces in diluted HF solutions are both evaluated by several analytical methods.
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Fluorescence spectroscopy as a monitoring technique for membrane bioreactor water reclamation systemsScott, Jeffrey D. January 1900 (has links)
Master of Science / Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering / Stacy L. Hutchinson / The shortage of clean, usable water is a global problem (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). As much as 80% of the world’s population has been reported to be in areas of high water security risk due to a convergence of factors, such as watershed disturbance, pollution, water resource development and biotic factors (Voeroesmarty et al., 2010). Water reuse technologies are a potential solution to this problem. However, implementation of treatment technologies for improved water reuse require rapid, effective monitoring techniques capable of insuring treatment quality. Fluorescence spectroscopy has shown potential for wastewater treatment monitoring due to its sensitivity, selectivity, and capacity to be employed in-situ. Online fluorescence data and full fluorescence excitation-emission matrices coupled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) were employed to evaluate the treatment performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) at Fort Riley, KS. Specific research goals were to evaluate the effectiveness of fluorescence for monitoring wastewater treatment and to determine the contamination detection limit of fluorescence techniques in a non-potable reuse scenario. Study results revealed a two-stage startup period, the first 60 days indicated membrane cake layer formation and the first 90 days showed signs of oxic tank maturation. Fluorescence was found to be effective at monitoring carbon concentration trends throughout the MBR system, showed preferential removal of protein-like dissolved organic matter (DOM), and an increase in biodegradation of DOM as the oxic tank matured. A ratio of the humic-like fluorescent components to the protein-like fluorescent components correlated to TOC removal (R² = .845, p < .001). Also, fluorescence was able to detect contamination in the effluent at the 0.74-1.24 mg C/L level using two wavelength pairs, indicating that effective real-time monitoring for contamination can be accomplished with minimal instrumentation and post-processing of data.
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Réhabilitation d'un site contaminé de la ville de Montréal par des approches de phytoremédiationLefebvre, Rosalie January 2007 (has links)
Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.
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Studies on the Molecular Biology of Naegleru Fowleri and Identification of N. Fowleri in the EnvironmentMacLean, Rebecca Carmean 01 January 2006 (has links)
Naegleria fowleri, a free-living ameboflagellate, is the causative agent of primary amebic meningoencephalitis. Healthy humans sporadically become infected with N. fowleri and develop fatal PAM after recreational or work exposure to freshwater; accordingly, there is a need for monitoring the presence of pathogenic amebeflagellates in public freshwater. The present study was conducted to determine whether a nested PCR assay could be used for detection of N. fowleri in freshwater habitats. PCR analysis was used to test samples from Virginia, Connecticut, Arizona, and Oklahoma for the presence of N. fowleri in lakes, ponds, soil, and domestic water supplies. The amebae were identified in all 4 states from soil and water sources, including domestic water supplies. In addition to identification in the environment, it is also important to determine virulence factors of the ameba. Although virulence factors have not been defined, resistance to complement lysis and production of phospholipases may account for pathogenicity of this ameba. Studies were performed to determine the gene encoding a complement regulatory protein, CD59, found in membrane fractions of N. fowleri. The genome of this organism has not been sequenced, therefore, we have constructed a genomic DNA library to search for putative virulence factors or drug targets. We have performed partial sequencing of 155 plasmids and have identified putative genes for cell motility, chromosome segregation, gene regulation, protein synthesis and degradation, protein regulation, cell signaling, respiration and energy production, membrane synthesis and metabolism, amino acid synthesis, as well as genes with unknown functions. Also, we have identified a putative virulence factor, a patatin-like protein. Patatin has been shown to exhibit phospholipase A2 activity in other organisms and has been shown to be involved in invasion into human tissue in certain pathogens. Northern analysis demonstrated hybridization with N. fowleri RNA at 3kb, but not with RNA from other free-living amebae tested. RT-PCR analysis was positive for pathogenic N. fowleri and negative for nonpathogenic Naegleria spp. Further studies are needed to determine whether the patatin-like protein in N. fowleri serves as a virulence factor and plays a role in invasion in human tissue.
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Validation empirique des indicateurs de pression hygiénique animaleBergeron, Luc January 2006 (has links)
Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
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Prostorové rozložení těžkých kovů v nivních sedimentech Litavky a rekonstrukce historie její kontaminace / Spatial distribution of heavy metals in aluvial sediments of Litavka river and reconstruction of contamination historyKotková, Kristýna January 2014 (has links)
SUMMARY: This thesis is focused on identification of spatial distribution of Pb, Zn and Cu pollution in floodplain sediments of the Litavka River and reconstruction of its pollution history related to mining and metallurgy of Ag, Pb and Zn in the Příbram area. Sampling was performed in floodplain and sediments were analysed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (ED XRF) in aim to understand the distribution of the target elements in the floodplain fill. The results of ED XRF were calibrated by analyses of selected sediment samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with (ICP- MS). The same method was used to determine ratios of lead stable isotopes 206 Pb and 207 Pb. Additionally, magnetic susceptibility was measured, granulometric analysis of selected samples was performed, and cation-exchange capacity (CEC) was determined. The aim of the work was to attempt to reconstruct history of pollution of the floodplain sediments. Sediment dating was performed by 14 C, 137 Cs and 210 Pb. Key words: aluvial sediment, contamination, heavy metals, reconstruction
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