This thesis aims to make an analysis of the concepts of &amp / #8216 / existence&amp / #8217 / . It also constructs four new definitions based on the concept of &amp / #8216 / effect&amp / #8217 / for different concepts of beings. By reasoning based on these definitions and some pre-suppositions, a foundation for an axiomatic system of ontology is tried to construct.

This study analyzes the J-curve effect for Turkey&rsquo / s bilateral trade with her three main trading partners / Germany, USA and Italy, for consumption, capital and intermediate goods. The bounds test is used to test for cointegration among the trade balance, the real bilateral exchange rate, the real domestic income and the real foreign income. The results show that the real exchange rate is not a significant determinant of trade in the short run. In the long run, it is significant only for trade with USA in consumption goods. Moreover, J-curve does not exist for Turkey&rsquo / s bilateral trade with Germany, USA, and Italy in consumption, capital and intermediate goods. The results support existence of a link between the bilateral trade balances and the real domestic income both in the short run and the long run.

<p>I denna studie belyses ungdomars rådande attityder som rör gränssättning kring en önskad sexuell akt och våldtäkt jämfört med den juridiska definitionen. Vidare undersöks även kamraters eventuella påverkan till ungdomarnas gränssättning utifrån den sociala inlärningsteorin.Tillvägagångssättet var av kvantitativ art där data samlades in i form av enkäter.Respondenterna bestod av N=210 ungdomar i 15 till 16 års ålder (årskurs nio)från åtta stycken grundskolor, inom en radie av åtta mil från studieorten. Den insamlade datan analyserades med statistikprogrammet SPSS.Ungdomarna i studien påvisade relativt goda attityder i förhållande till den juridiska definitionen av våldtäkt. Något samband mellan kamraters påverkan och rådande attityder som rör denna gränsdragning kunde dock inte fastställas.</p>

ITC/USA 2014 Conference Proceedings / The Fiftieth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 20-23, 2014 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CA / Yuma Proving Ground (YPG) personnel developed the Video Bus Integrated Telemetry System (VBITS) for air delivery testing at YPG. The system consists of a common rack for mounting both video and telemetry equipment, which makes installation easier and more time efficient. Prior to the one-rack concept, the video, TSPI, and telemetry were all installed as separate entities competing for space, power, and time. Requirements to downlink High-Definition (HD) video from the aircraft prompted research into technological improvements in transmitters, onboard encoders, and recorders. These advances allowed the integration of video, analog sensors, and aircraft bus data into a single telemetry stream. Future advancements will include combining multiple HD video sources in a single downlink.

This master thesis was performed at the business area of Aeronautics at Saab AB in collaboration with Linköping University during the spring of 2015. In a complex product development environment, having knowledge about different processes is advantageous for efficiency. Model Based Definition (MBD) is a product development process where a 3D-model is the main source of information and the same 3D-model is applied all the way from design to production. In assembly, the operator follows work instructions where the 3D-model, and its requirements, is visualized. The model is always updated to the latest version and no 2D-drawings are needed. Saab applied MBD during the development of the new generation of the fighter aircraft JAS 39 Gripen. This change, from previously 2D to 3D, has caused that both internal and external people have minor knowledge about the new developing process of MBD. The purpose of the thesis was to develop a demonstrator acting as an educational environment to share knowledge about the MBD-process and the 3D work instructions. New methods and processes could be tested and evaluated in the demonstrator before implementing into the real product development process. By following and developing an interdependent and iterative product development process, this work has visualized the MBD-process. Designing and developing a demonstrator, using the same tools as in the real product development process, accomplished this. This thesis has developed a demonstrator that includes the main components of a physical model with corresponding 3D work instructions and a conceptual layout. A physical Lego model of Gripen provides a flexible and interesting way of sharing knowledge to the user who interacts with the demonstrator. The 3D work instructions were created in a way so that the user can assemble and interact with the same expressions and terms in order to get an understanding about how they are used. The educational aspect is important where simplifications and additional notes to the instructions help to get a better understanding. Depending on who the user is, different levels of preparations are needed. The recognition factor is important to a user with experience of MBD; it needs to be able to understand how different terms and requirements are used in the development process. The future work is about setting up the demonstrator and conduct usability tests to evaluate, modify and implement more details. Using a demonstrator in this purpose can be helpful for evaluating different techniques, methods or systems and reduce the errors in the product development process. It can also encourage people to a new enjoyable way of learning.

This dissertation examines Socrates' method of examining interlocutors, referred to as the elenchus, in Plato's definitional dialogues. It contains three parts. The first part lays out various theories of the elenchus. The first chapter examines the seminal view of Richard Robinson. The second sketches the development and aftermath of Vlastos' constructivist view. The third focuses on Socrates' own testimony about the elenchus in the Apology. These pictures of the elenchus form a selection of views against which various definitional dialogues may be compared. The second part, containing six chapters, provides a detailed commentary on the Euthyphro. Various features of that dialogue suggest that neither the prominent forms of constructivism, nor their non-constructivist alternatives presented in the first part adequately capture Socrates' procedure. The third part, consisting of one chapter, presents my view of the Socratic elenchus, which I term “technical destructivism.” I argue that this view provides a straight-forward solution to a number of problems which the alternative treatments leave unsolved. It also helps to explain some otherwise puzzling features of Socrates' procedure in the shorter definitional dialogues, including his use of the technē analogy, and his appeal to the priority of definitional knowledge. / Philosophy / text

This paper treats George Dickies institutional theory of how to define art. Some alternative theories and their originators are also introduced. According to Dickie something is art because it has been created against a background of an already existing artworld. Dickie has formulated his theory in two different versions, ”the earlier” and ”the later”, which differ somewhat in their design. Both versions is presented and discussed in this paper.

I denna studie belyses ungdomars rådande attityder som rör gränssättning kring en önskad sexuell akt och våldtäkt jämfört med den juridiska definitionen. Vidare undersöks även kamraters eventuella påverkan till ungdomarnas gränssättning utifrån den sociala inlärningsteorin.Tillvägagångssättet var av kvantitativ art där data samlades in i form av enkäter.Respondenterna bestod av N=210 ungdomar i 15 till 16 års ålder (årskurs nio)från åtta stycken grundskolor, inom en radie av åtta mil från studieorten. Den insamlade datan analyserades med statistikprogrammet SPSS.Ungdomarna i studien påvisade relativt goda attityder i förhållande till den juridiska definitionen av våldtäkt. Något samband mellan kamraters påverkan och rådande attityder som rör denna gränsdragning kunde dock inte fastställas.

This work is a study of subject teachers in social studies and science understand the concept of sustainable development. The work uses a qualitative and a quantitative approach. Teachers in various schools and stages have been answering questions about how they perceive sustainability, how they implement it in teaching and if they feel that school is important for the future of sustainable development at large. The theoretical background is based on environmental ethics as well as the different meanings and definitions of the concept of sustainable development. These theories and definitions are coupled with the empirical results. The study concludes that all teachers throughout the study perceive the concept of sustainable development as something ecological, something that has to do with nature. A few teachers also state economic and social dimensions. Questions about how the teachers in the study implement the concept in their teaching can be seen as three different approaches. The first one focuses on the role of education in the form of democracy and values. Teachers who promote this way do not view sustainable development as a clear course in science teaching, but advocate a form of respect for nature and our shared society. The second way is more about classic education with lectures and books and testing of how much the students learned. This teaching focuses more on pure factual knowledge. The third and final way of teaching is to have "theme days" on environmental and sustainable development. It was not so common among teachers in science, but more common among teachers in social studies

Quality defects are a common problem for producing companies, but causes and consequences are often unknown. The purpose of this thesis assignment is to develop a step-by-step analysis method for identifying the root causes of quality defects based on previously examined consequences. The first steps focus on customer recovery meanwhile the following steps concentrate on process recovery. The analysis method is process-orientated as the complete production and delivery process are scrutinized upstream by the combination of commonly used quality tools.   For testing the applicability of the presented method this thesis comprises a case study conducted at one company receiving complaints about quality defects. For the Case Study Company the consequences and causes of quality defects are described, analyzed and suggestions for improvement are developed.   In the investigated case, the developed method helps to identify causes and consequences of incomplete delivery, the company’s major quality problem. The upstream approach proved advantages for two reasons. First of all including the customer side guarantees that the cause analysis is limited to the relevant problems. With the help of the method the severity of consequences depending on the customers’ awareness of defects and available time can be detected. Secondly problems can be scrutinized in natural order as difficulties in production once identified can be followed step by step to the causes in a preceding step. The main causes identified in this case study are a lack of process definition and of standardization. Thus, the portrayed case suggests that regular appearances of quality defects are not a coincidence. The reasons are the underlying, possibly insufficiently defined and managed processes.   The general finding of the thesis assignment is the presented analysis method that comprises a systematic process-oriented approach designed to examine consequences and causes of quality defects. In contrast to the root cause analysis approaches found in literature each analysis step is described in detail. This makes the method easy to apply in practice. Therefore the method is a valid tool to deal with a high degree of complexity. The case study proved that it is effective and efficient to scrutinize problems with these characteristics. Under different circumstances the application of single quality tools might be sufficient and hence resource effective. Further investigation is necessary since this method has only been tested in one case study.