No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 198-214).

No description available.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 2007. / Title from title screen (viewed on Feb 5, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-103).

Bioconcentration factor testing serves as the most valuable surrogate for the assessment of bioaccumulation. The assessment of potentially harmful chemicals is crucial to not only the health of aquatic environments, but to humans as well. Chemicals that possess the ability to persist in the environment or that have the potential to bioaccumulate, pose a greater risk to organisms that are exposed to these chemicals. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Guideline 305 outlines specific protocols to run an accurate and reliable aquatic flow-through test. However, since its adoption in 1996, very few changes have been made to accommodate the endeavor to lowering the amount of test species to run one of these said tests. Running an aquatic flow-through test, according to 305, takes much time and money as well as numerous amounts of fish. Such burdens can be eliminated through simple modifications to the standard protocols. In this study, we propose an abbreviated study design for aquatic bioconcentration testing which effectively alleviates the burdens of running a flow-through test. Four chemicals were used individually to evaluate the usefulness of the proposed shortened design; 4-Nonyphenol, Chlorpyrifos, Musk Xylene, and DDT. The study consisted of exposing Cyprinus carpio for 7 days followed by 7 days of depuration, for a total of a 14-day study. Our results for each of the four compounds are consistent with literature values, thus, demonstrating that BCFk can be accurately predicted in an abbreviated in vivo test.

M.Sc., Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011 / Existing water management initiatives, strategies and policies in South Africa, ranging from the overarching water management legislative framework to the local-level practical operational aspects, were examined as a component of this project. The integration between National Strategies pertaining to water resource management and local implementation was addressed in terms of examining Water Conservation and Demand Management approaches and assessing the effectiveness of these approaches in addressing climate change risk factors in the water sector. Current South African regulatory instruments in the water sector allow adaptation and flexibility in order to address climate change impacts on the water resources in South Africa. The greatest obstacle in the implementation of effective Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) for climate change adaptation strategies is the lack of institutional support required from national levels of government to local municipalities. There is also a lack of strategic guidance and support in the form of policies specific to climate risk in the water sector in South Africa. Another important aspect of the IWRM, namely social learning, also suffers in the process due to lack of participation from key stakeholders and limited integration amongst interdependent sectors.

Thesis (J.S.D.)--University of Chicago Law School. / "August 2003." Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Many local authorities are major polluters and are ignoring each and every rule in the book. Raw sewerage is dumped in to rivers and the Vaal River is already a national health threat. Pollution of land, air and water is a common consequence by large corporations capable of causing harm to humans and other living organisms. Research on the pollution of these key natural resources is required to understand cumulative impacts, so as to take measures of precaution to minimize such pollution and reduce its consequences. Risk Assessments are therefore encouraged to identify and explore in quantitative terms, the types, intensities and likelihood of undesired consequences related to the risk of pollution. This study has identified a potential risk from creosote bleedings at Eskom pole yards and aims to explore the probability of such occurrences cumulatively so as to identify precautionary measures at the forefront of this problem to develop effective contingency plans. Soil samples were collected systematically and analysed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), a component of creosote that preserves wood. Studies have indicated that concentrations of this preservative beyond acceptable limits can impact negatively on natural resources especially water and soil. The laboratory analysed data indicates that the soil samples collected from the Howick Pole Yard were contaminated with PAH beyond the threshold values. The severity of the contamination, as determined by the application of the Risk Assessment tool, indicates that mitigation measures are essential. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2008.

Thesis (M.S.)--Auburn University, 2007. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references (ℓ. 74-76)

Major paper (M.U.R.P.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-69). Also available via the Internet.