This thesis presents a procedure to collect, process, and analyse data for use in machine learning models within the rifle marksmanship domain. The machine learning model, features, and analysis presented in this thesis provide a first step towards models that can provide automated assistance for rifle marksmanship practice.A quasi-experiment is designed with eye movement and rifle handling as independent variables, and shooting result as dependent variable. The data is collected by letting 14 participants with different levels of marksmanship experience perform a rifle shooting exercise. Eye movement data is gathered using a Tobii Pro Glasses 3 eye tracker, and rifle handling data is gathered using an iCubeX Orient3D IMU. Analysis from the data shows a stratification of participant rifle marksmanship experience into five classes. The highest performing group, to a larger degree than the other groups, aimed with both eyes open, has a faster rifle acceleration, has a lower time between peak motion and shot, and are overall more consistent with their shots. A prototype random forest classification model trained to predict these classes shows a Cohen’s Kappa of 0.526, balanced accuracy of 0.599 and a one-vs-all AUC between 0.83 and 0.95 for the classes.

The theoretical part of this thesis deals with the description of sensory processes, human eye and visual perception. The following are traffic participant and get data using the method of eye tracking. The practical part consisted in the evaluation of driving video recordings describing the driver's observation. The frequency and length of the pedestrian observation was evaluated, and the graphical processing was performed depending on whether the pedestrian actually crossed the road or simulated walking on the side of the roadway.

This thesis deals with influence of advertisements on driver´s attention. Within the theoretical part are summarize findings in field of influence of advertisements on driver´s attention, it also clarified the idea of recording driver´s eye movement, which were used during the measurement. The analytical part draws from video records with driving tests provided by the Institute of Forensic Engineering of Brno University of Technology. Obtained data were processed and analyze in order to determine the durations of views on advertising devices in area of roads.

The dissertation thesis is concentrated on newsletter creation and its productivity evaluation. According to the information analysis from the field of email marketing, advertisement psychology and other knowledge, new proposals of new newsletter have been developed. These proposals went through testing using eye cameras - the eye tracking. Out of the partial proposals has been made a final newsletter which was sent out to customers by the company and the results have been evaluated in comparison with the previous one. The thesis also serves as a guideline for companies working on newsletter creation and its use.

Pervasive computing sa zameriava odstránenie zložitostí pri interakcii s výpočtovou technikou a zvýšenie efektivity pri jej každodennom používaní. Ale i po viac ako 15 rokoch od sformulovania hlavných cieľov Pervasive computingu existujú aspekty interakcie ktoré stále nie sú súčasťou užívateľskej skúsenosti s dnešnou technológiou. Bezproblémová integrácia s prostredím vedúca k technologickej neviditeľnosti, alebo interakcia naprieč rôznymi zariadeniami predstavujú stále veľkú výzvu. Hlavným cieľom tejto práce je prispieť k tomu, aby sa ciele Pervasive computingu priblížili k realizovaniu tým, že predstavíme spôsob intuitívneho zdieľania informácií medzi osobným a verejne umiestneným zariadením. Predstavili sme tri interakčné techniky, ktoré podporujú intuitívnu výmenu obsahu medzi osobným zariadením a zdieľaným displejom. Tieto techniky sú založené na prenose videa, rozšírenej realite a analýze pohľadových dát. Okrem interakčných techník sme tiež predstavili mechanizmus pre získavanie, prenos a rekonštrukciu aplikačného stavu na cieľovom zariadení.

Language is a multimodal process with visual and auditory cues playing important roles in understanding speech. A well-controlled paradigm with audiovisually matched and mismatched syllables is often used to capture audiovisual (AV) speech processing. The ability to detect and integrate mismatching cues shows large individual variability across development and is linked to later language in typical development (TD) and social abilities in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, no study has used a multimethod approach to better understand AV speech processing in early development. The studies’ aims were to examine behavioral performance, gaze patterns, and neural indices of AV speech in: 1) TD preschoolers (N=60; females=35) and 2) infants at risk for developing ASD (high-risk, HR; N=37; females=10) and TD controls (low-risk, LR; N=42; females=21). In Study 1, I investigated preschoolers’ gaze patterns and behavioral performance when presented with matched and mismatched AV speech and visual-only (lipreading) speech. As hypothesized, lipreading abilities were associated with children’s ability to integrate mismatching AV cues, and children looked towards the mouth when visual cues were helpful, specifically in lipreading conditions. Unexpectedly, looking time towards the mouth was not associated with the children’s ability to integrate mismatching AV cues. Study 2 examined how visual cues of AV speech modulated auditory event-related potentials (ERPs), and associations between ERPs and preschoolers’ behavioral performance during an AV speech task. As hypothesized, the auditory ERPs were attenuated during AV speech compared to auditory-only speech. Additionally, individual differences in their neural processing of auditory and visual cues predicted which cue the child attended to in mismatched AV speech. In Study 3, I investigated ERPs of AV speech in LR and HR 12-month-olds and their association with language abilities at 18-months. Unexpectedly, I found no group differences: all infants were able to detect mismatched AV speech as measured through a more negative ERP response. As hypothesized, more mature neural processing of AV speech integration, measured as a more positive ERP response to fusible AV cues, predicted later language across all infants. These results highlight the importance of using multimethod approaches to understand variability in AV speech processing at two developmental stages. / 2021-11-12T00:00:00Z

According to the seductive details (SD) effect, interesting, but irrelevant information in learning materials reduces learning outcomes. Basic research suggests that subjects in positive mood are more distractible by task‐irrelevant stimuli than subjects in negative mood. Hence, mood could moderate the SD effect. We tested this assumption by comparing eye movements to seductive pictures in participants in positive versus negative mood. As expected, participants in positive mood fixated pictures longer and more frequently than participants in negative mood, which can be interpreted in terms of mood‐based higher distractibility. However, this did not translate to a more pronounced SD effect in the learning test. Unexpectedly, there was no SD effect in either mood condition. We discuss implications of the eye‐tracking data as well as potential reasons for the nonexistent SD effect in our study.

Night eating syndrome (NES) is characterized by excessive evening and/or nocturnal eating episodes. Studies indicate an attentional bias towards food in other eating disorders. For NES, however, evidence of attentional food processing is lacking. Attention towards food and non-food stimuli was compared using eye-tracking in 19 participants with NES and 19 matched controls without eating disorders during a free exploration paradigm and a visual search task. In the free exploration paradigm, groups did not differ in initial fixation position or gaze duration. However, a significant orienting bias to food compared to non-food was found within the NES group, but not in controls. A significant attentional maintenance bias to non-food compared to food was found in both groups. Detection times did not differ between groups in the search task. Only in NES, attention to and faster detection of non-food stimuli were related to higher BMI and more evening eating episodes. The results might indicate an attentional approach-avoidance pattern towards food in NES. However, further studies should clarify the implications of attentional mechanisms for the etiology and maintenance of NES.

Background: Online marketing tactics designed to have a minimized impact on consumer experience have emerged recently whereas native advertising is one concept. Native advertising is an approach designed to decrease interruptions in consumers’ online experience by matching the form and functions of the platform in which the advertisement appears. It occurs online, with the one characteristic in common that it should not disrupt or negatively affect consumer experience. The desire to minimize consumer disruption has led to that native advertising in its most effective nature can be difficult for the reader to identify, which leads to the discussion of whether the tactic is deceptive. It is found that ad disclosures are frequently the only thing that separates native ads from commercial content. Unexplored areas in the literature exist, which include if native ad disclosures can be made more efficient with the use of brand disclosures.  Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate if brand disclosure in native advertisements affects consumers’ native ad recognition ability.  Method: Data was collected through an eye-tracking experiment, exploring if brand disclosures affect the native ad recognition ability. The experiment was created in Tobii Pro Lab which tracked participants’ real-time physiological reactions. Results were complemented with a questionnaire and data was analyzed in SPSS. The sample consisted of 60 students at Jönköping University.  Findings: The analysis illustrates that the experimental test group which received brand disclosures of high prominence showed an increased ability to recognize and identify native advertisements as promotional content compared to the control group. By implementing Mann-Whitney U tests and a Chi-Square test in order to test the hypotheses, results were found significant. The hypotheses were supported and could not be rejected, which resulted in the conclusion that brand disclosures increase the native ad recognition ability.

This thesis is focused on identifying key aspects of mechanics graphs regarded by students and experts. It also contains observations of student's attention focused on each graph. This data was collected using eye tracking camera. 23 high school students and 14 experts participated in this research. Our group of experts contained graduate and post-graduate students as well as researchers from faculty of Mathematics and Physics at Charles University. Our results suggest that experts were able to memorize more information from each graph than high school students. Difference in focus on relevant parts of graphs was obvious from analyzing correct and incorrect answers of high school students and they consider axes and their labeling as the key parts of graphs in contrast to the students. Incorrectly answering students were more focused on parts with no relevance to the task in question. On the contrary, students with correct answers spent less time looking on non-relevant parts of graphs. Ideas of incorrectly answering students were mostly focused on wrong idea about graph as a sketch of real situation, or picture resembling physical situation.