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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Trois essais en commerce international et macroéconomie / Three Essays in International Trade and Macroeconomics

De Soyres, François 06 June 2017 (has links)
Cette thèse est composée de trois chapitres traitant du commerce international et de macroéconomie avec une attention particulière donnée au rôle des chaines de productions. Le premier chapitre étudie la relation entre le commerce international et la synchronisation des cycles économiques. A l’aide de données couvrant 40 pays de l’OCDE et des principaux pays émergents, je montre que le commerce en bien intermédiaire joue un rôle significatif pour la synchronisation des fluctuations du PIB tandis que le commerce en bien final n’est pas significatif. Motive par ce fait nouveau, je construis ensuite un modèle de biens intermédiaires capable de reproduire plus de 85% de la relation empirique entre commerce et co-mouvement de PIB, offrant ainsi la première solution quantitative au « l’Anomalie Commerce Co-mouvement ». Le modèle s’appuie sur deux hypothèses : (i) des distorsions de prix liées a une compétition monopolistique et (ii) une fluctuation du nombre de firmes active dans chaque pays. La combinaison de ces deux éléments produit un lien endogène entre la productivité mesurée dans différents pays. Enfin, je présente des éléments empiriques supportant les hypothèses théoriques et je teste de prédictions du modèle. Dans le second chapitre, Guillaume Sublet et moi proposons un modèle de commerce international avec des entreprises hétérogènes et des chaines de production globales. Les firmes gagnent accès à de nouvelles variétés de fournisseurs lorsqu’elles entrent dans un marché étranger et décident jointement d’importer et d’exporter. Le coût unitaire de production est fonction de la stratégie d’import et d’export de chaque firme mais aussi de ses fournisseurs directs et indirects, ce qui donne lieu à des complémentarités dans les décisions. En général, le modèle admet plusieurs équilibres. Dans ce contexte, nous étudions les conséquences d’une perturbation du commerce entre deux pays sur la réorganisation du commerce mondial et montrons que les flux commerciaux sont complémentaires et non substituts. Ainsi, imposer des sanctions entre deux pays donnes peut conduire à réduire les flux entre tous les pays du monde. Nous testons enfin de manière empirique les prédictions théoriques de notre structure. Le troisième chapitre, écrit avec Shekhar Tomar, s’intéresse aux conséquences d’une innovation technologique dans un secteur sur le niveau d’emploi des autres secteurs situés plus loin dans la chaîne de production. D’un cote, si le travail et les facteurs intermédiaires de production sont substituts, une réduction de prix de ces derniers tend à réduire la demande pour le travail pour chaque unité produite. D'un autre côté, une innovation technologique plus haut dans la chaîne de production conduit à produire un plus grand nombre d’unités car le coût marginal de production décroît. L’effet net sur l’emploi dépend simplement du rapport entre l’élasticité de substitution de la fonction production et de l’élasticité de prix de la demande agrégée. Nous estimons ces deux paramètres pour un grand nombre de secteurs avec des données micro-économiques françaises. Les résultats montrent des sensibilités très différentes entre les secteurs. / This thesis contains three essays on international trade and macroeconomics, with a special focus on the role of input-output linkages. In the first chapter, I study the relationship between international trade and business cycle synchronization. Using data from 40 OECD countries and major emerging markets, I find that trade in intermediate inputs plays a significant role in synchronizing GDP fluctuations across countries while trade in final goods is not significant. Motivated by this new fact, I build a model of international trade in intermediates that is able to replicate more than 85% of the empirical trade-comovement slope, offering the first quantitative solution for the “Trade Comovement Puzzle”. The model relies on two key assumptions: (i) price distortions due to monopolistic competition and (ii) fluctuations in the mass of firms serving each country. The combination of those ingredients creates a link between domestic measured productivity and foreign shocks through trade linkages. Finally, I provide evidence for the importance of those elements in the link between foreign shocks and domestic GDP and test other predictions of the model. In the second chapter, Guillaume Sublet and I propose a model of international trade with heterogeneous firms and global value chains. Firms access new varieties when breaking into any foreign market and jointly choose where to import from and to export to. The unit production cost depends on the importing/exporting strategy of each firm as well the strategy of a firm's direct and indirect suppliers, giving rise to complementarities across firms decisions. In general, the model admits multiple equilibria. In this context, we study the consequences of trade disruption between two countries on global trade flows and show that aggregate trade flows can be complements rather than substitutes. As a result, any trade disruption between two specific countries propagates to all other trading partners through the network of input-output linkages. Hence, imposing sanctions to one country leads to a reduction in trade between all other countries. We further test the empirical implication of our theoretical framework. In the third chapter, Shekhar Tomar and I study the consequence of a technological improvement in one sector on employment in sectors located downstream in the supply-chain. On the one hand, if material and labor are gross substitute in the production function, the price decrease for the former tends to reduce labor demand for the latter per unit produced. On the other hand, the upstream positive technological shock also increases the number of unit produced through a decrease in the marginal cost. The net effect on employment simply depends on the ratio between the elasticity of substitution in the production function and the price elasticity of demand. We estimate those parameters at the sector level using detailed French data and show that employment sensitivity of sectors following a decrease in their material input price are very heterogeneous. Consequences for forecasting the effect of an increase in machine efficiency are discussed.
2

2 and 3 Dimensional Systems Studied Using X-ray Crystallographic Techniques

Eskildsen, Morten Ring 08 January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
3

Time-series variability of particulate carbon and nitrogen compositions and their fluxes in the Kuroshio regime off southeastern Taiwan

Chuang, Yueh-chi 02 September 2010 (has links)
The Kuroshio current (KC) is the major current of the western Pacific Ocean, and its main stream flows northward off the east coast of Taiwan. Since there have been few researches on sinking particle flux in the regime of Kuroshio have been reported, a time-series sediment trap mooring was deployed to investigate the particulate organic carbon (POC) and total nitrogen (TN) and their fluxes at KC station (21o28' N, 122o11' E) at depths of 2000 m and 3500 m from April 2008 to December 2009. Results show that, the mass fluxes at 2000 m and 3500 m of mean are 162.3 mg m-2 d-1 and 201.6 mg m-2 d-1, POC fluxes are 3.8 mgC m-2 d-1 and 3.7 mgC m-2 d-1, and TN fluxes are 0.5 mgN m-2 d-1 and 0.5 mgN m-2 d-1, respectively. The averages of POC, TN content and C/N ratio at 2000 m and 3500 m are 2.5 and 1.8 wt%, 0.3 and 0.2 wt%, and 9.27 and 9.21, separately. The depths and temporal variability of POC and TN contents respond closely to bio-degradation and dilution by bottom movement at KC station. Comparison with SEATS station (18o15¡¦N, 115o50¡¦E), the variability of POC and TN compositions and their fluxes at KC are lower than SEATS station. The fluxes of KC exhibit intermittent high-value in the summer, and the fluxes of SEATS in the winter are higher than other seasons. For site comparison and global synthesis, an average e-ratio of 0.08 and the b-value of 0.53 are derived. These results should help a better understanding of POC in the world.
4

Neutron flux in the vicinity of a reactor control rod

Boettinger, William Leo, 1939- January 1963 (has links)
No description available.
5

The measurement of diffusion parameters in a low neutron flux

Hagen, Robert Norris, 1938- January 1963 (has links)
No description available.
6

Direct numerical simulations of diffusive staircases in the Arctic

Caro, Gregory P. January 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.S. in Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2009. / Thesis Advisor(s): Radko, Timour. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 23, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Double-diffusion, diffusive convection, heat flux, thermohaline staircase, Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-41). Also available in print.
7

PANDA a planar (x-y), two-group neutron diffusion analysis program /

Schwartz, Michael H. January 1972 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1972.
8

A technique for measuring the neutron age

De Lizarriturri, Gerardo. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1958.
9

Measurement of the 1.46-ev flux distribution in a small polyethylene moderator using In-In activation methods

Pantazatos, Peter. January 1971 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1971.
10

Some aspects of the neutron flux distribution in fuel rods and in moderator and the effect of removal of a single fuel rod in the subcritical assembly of the University of Michigan

Khang, Nguyen-Thuong-. January 1962 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1962.

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