Submitted by Fabricia Fialho Reginato (fabriciar) on 2015-07-18T00:15:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AniBorn.pdf: 10546807 bytes, checksum: 38d07c714ca916f43f80ae0d38dd219f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-18T00:15:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AniBorn.pdf: 10546807 bytes, checksum: 38d07c714ca916f43f80ae0d38dd219f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01-14 / ESPM - Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo principal, sob a ótica da comunicação, compreender os sentidos de elite representados pelos discursos do colunismo social (produção e produto) a partir de um estudo de caso do Programa Sociedade, veiculado tanto na televisão quanto na web. O Programa Sociedade é uma produção independente do apresentador Odalgir Lazzari, que possui abrangência local (Porto Alegre), foco no público pertencente às classes sociais A e B (elite econômico-financeira). Está há 10 anos no mercado, possui premiações e é veiculado tanto na televisão, desde julho de 2000 pela Net Cidade Porto Alegre, quanto pelo portal TVI, desde março de 2008. Para empreender a resolução do objetivo principal, inicialmente contextualiza-se o Programa Sociedade, perpassando pelas características dos meios de comunicação em que ele é veiculado (televisão por assinatura e web), pelas convergências das mídias até jornalismo na web, com ênfase para as gerações do jornalismo e jornalismo de portal. A partir disso, apresenta-se o desenho metodológico embasado em uma vertente qualitativa, composto por movimentos de pesquisa da pesquisa, pesquisa teórica, pesquisa exploratória e pesquisa empírica. Com o intuito de avançar no referencial teórico, parte-se para a reflexão sobre categorias, gêneros e subgêneros jornalísticos, chegando ao colunismo social. Sendo assim, trabalha-se a história do colunismo social e os colunistas sociais matriciais, além de destacar as instituições de colunistas sociais e a fragmentação do colunismo social atual. A discussão da noção de “elite” também é outro aspecto importante, pois revela-se os subconceitos de distinção social e poder. Há ainda o resgate das elites através da história e posteriormente das elites porto-alegrenses. Com base nisso, realiza-se a análise da produção Programa Sociedade quanto à elaboração (competitividade industrial, competência comunicativa, níveis e fases de produção, ideologias profissionais, rotinas de produção e estratégia de comercialização); aos elementos do Programa Sociedade que associam à representação de elite(s) e ao entendimento sobre elites e colunismo social. Realiza-se também a análise do produto Programa Sociedade quanto aos mecanismos (estratégias discursivas) utilizados para representar a(s) elite(s) e o(s) tipo(s) de elite(s) apresentado(s). Dentre os principais resultados, verifica-se que os participantes do programa entrevistados e os colunistas sociais Walter Winchell, Manuel Müller, Ibrahim Sued e Amaury Jr. possuem muitas semelhanças com Odalgir, revelando características que estão intimamente ligadas aos aspectos de distinção. Percebe-se também que o apresentador articula uma rede de associações, cujo eixo central é o relacionamento, para representar uma elite que está imbricada ao acesso ao consumo e à utilização de determinados produtos, trabalhando diversos elementos como o vestuário, a idade, a aparência, os padrões de linguagem, as expressões corporais, a decoração, o mobiliário. Nota-se ainda que as elites buscam gostos para se diferenciarem socialmente, sejam através de elementos comercializáveis (joias, espumante, perfume, roupas) ou de elementos não comercializáveis (reconhecimento, prestígio, beleza, poder, inteligência), sendo muitos deles já sinalizadores de distinção social em épocas anteriores. / The main objective of the present study, from the perspective of communication, is understand the meanings of elite represented by the discourses of gossip column (production and product) from a case study of the Programa Sociedade, on TV and the web. Programa Sociedade is an independent production of presenter Odalgir Lazzari, which has local coverage (Porto Alegre/Brazil), focus on the audience belonging to social classes A and B (financial-economic elite). The program are in the market for 10 years, has many awards and is broadcast both on television, since July 2000 by Net Cidade Porto Alegre,, as the TVI website since March 2008. To undertake the resolution of the main goal, initially contextualizes the Programa Sociedade, passing by the characteristics of the media in which it is broadcast (pay TV and web), the convergence of media journalism to the Web, with emphasis on the generation journalism and journalism portal. From this, we present the methodological approach grounded in a qualitative component, consisting of movements of the survey research, theoretical research, exploratory and empirical research. In order to advance the theoretical reference, we proceed to consideration of categories, kind and subkinds of journalism, even to the gossip column. Thus, it works the story of gossip column and matrix social columnist, in addition to highlighting the institutions of gossip columnists and the fragmentation of current gossip columnist. The discussion of the concept of "elite" is also another important aspect, because it proves the subconcepts of social distinction and power. There is also the redemption of elites throughout history and subsequently the elite of Porto Alegre/Brazil. On this basis, we perform analysis of current Programa Sociedade for the preparation (industrial competitiveness, communicative competence, levels and stages of production, professional ideologies, practices of production and marketing strategy), to members of the Programa Sociedade involving the representation elite (s) and the understanding of elites and gossip columnist. It's also the analysis of the product as to the mechanisms Programa Sociedade (discursive strategies) used to represent elite and type or types elite. Among the results, it appears that the program participants interviewed and the gossip columnists Walter Winchell, Manuel Müller, Ibrahim Sued Amaury Jr. and have many similarities to Odalgir, revealing features that are closely linked to aspects of distinction. It is also evident that the presenter articulates a network of associations, whose main thrust is the relationship, to represent elite that is embedded access to consumption and the use of certain products, working various elements such as clothing, age, appearance and patterns of language, body language, decoration, furniture. Note also that elites seek to differentiate themselves socially tastes, whether through tradable items (jewelry, champagne, perfume, clothes) or non-tradable elements (recognition, prestige, beauty, power, intelligence), and many of them have flags of social distinction in earlier times.

In the years following the death of the autocratic ruler Yuan Shikai (1859-1916), the flow of gossip surrounding political leaders in China’s urban spheres revealed an open, disorderly yet robust arena full of competing voices, agendas, and manipulations. My dissertation examines gossip as both a new body of public political knowledge and a means of popular participation in this politically-fragmented and transitional era. On the one hand, this body of political knowledge engaged a wide spectrum of Chinese society engaged with this body of political knowledge, and which fostered an uncontrolled playful citizenship in China’s urban spaces. On the other hand, this new civic participation prompted the fledging Republican state to curb the dissemination of information through censorship, legal avenues and political propaganda. I argue that political gossip played a constructive role in forming a participatory political culture, in developing state mechanisms to discipline popular knowledge, and in transforming shaping legal categories of defamation. Different fromAs opposed to other studies that analyze the formation of Chinese citizenship in the process of nation-building, my project contextualizes the popular political participation in the Republican era within a broader shift in political culture that was increasingly shaped by the entertainment media. Lower- class information traders and a commoner audience dominated in the gossip economy by actively producing and consuming narratives and opinions, without being restricted by state education and elite activism. My research thus offers a brand new bottom-up perspective in the studyies of Republican Chinese political culture. Chapter 1 examines the commercialization of “trivial information” by focusing on the rise of a commercially driven and professionalized group of gossipmongers across varying social-economic strata in the late 1910s and the early 1920s. The expansion of the community affected both the practice and mindset of gossipmongers in the industry. Chapter 2 shows how the entertainment interplayed with political significance in the early Republican gossip publications to involve more commoner readers in both knowledge production and consumption in this gossip economy. This unique mode challenged conventional top-down knowledge transmission and the sense of exclusivity in the field of knowledge production. Chapter 3 illuminates the state’s efforts at developing a new censorship system and tactics of moral persuasion for re-building knowledge and establishing moral authority in the late 1910s. I show that the central government was a functional authority in the cultural realm during the period of chaotic and fragmentation. Chapter 4 turns to the relationship between the mass media and the defamation law. It focuses on a 1919 case in which the Beijing government sued the Republican Daily for insulting the President. Although the state attempted to use the legal instrument to fix a boundary between playful and serious political discussion, the Press’ commercial pursuit and insistence on autonomy gradually transformed this means of taming into a mechanism of publicity. The last chapter analyzes the politics of visibility from the aspect perspective of political leaders who also drew on the discursive power of gossip by examining Jiang Jieshi’s coordinated effort to take control publicity surrounding his romantic life and wedding ceremony in 1927. In this new form of official political communication, a striking tension persisted between the attempts of to use the form and dissemination power of gossip as an effective technique of social influence and the unruly commercial adaptation of media narratives.

<p>Wireless communication has grown very popular, and communication is the key</p><p>to success in many situations. However, most of the common technologies today</p><p>rely on infrastructure and in disaster situations infrastructure might be lost or</p><p>get severely overloaded. This master thesis concerns intermittently connected</p><p>mobile ad hoc networks. A network in which the devices may move freely in any</p><p>direction and still be able to communicate. To be able to demonstrate a network</p><p>protocol called random-walk gossip-based manycast (RWG) my assignment has been</p><p>to implement this protocol using off-the-shelf hardware and software.</p><p>RWG is a multi-hop and partition-tolerant mobile ad hoc manycast network</p><p>protocol. Multi-hop refers to information being able to hop between more than</p><p>two nodes in a network and partition-tolerant means that the protocol works even</p><p>though a network is partitioned. Manycast means that the information should</p><p>be successfully delivered to K of all the potential nodes in the area. The RWG</p><p>protocol makes use of four different packet types, request to forward (REQF), ac-</p><p>knowledgement (ACK), ok to forward (OKTF) and be silent (BS). The actual data</p><p>being sent is carried by REQFs, and is referred to as messages. When a message</p><p>is sent it takes what could be described as a random walk among the nodes in the</p><p>network, hence the name.</p><p>The implementation of the RWG protocol resides in user-space and depends on</p><p>the IEEE 802.11b standard and the raw socket that is specified in the BSD socket</p><p>API. It is written in C and was developed on a machine running Ubuntu. It runs</p><p>on systems that use Linux 2.6 kernels and it supports cross-compiling for ARM</p><p>based devices such as the Nokia N810 internet tablet and the Android dev phone</p><p>1. To be able to demonstrate the protocol I developed my own client application.</p><p>Moreover, an already existing application for Android, Portable Open Search and</p><p>Identification Tool (POSIT), was successfully extended to run on top of the RWG</p><p>implementation. The extension was developed by people in the POSIT project</p><p>and tested in a physical experiment covering five devices.</p><p>The report covers the RWG protocol, the system choice, the implementation</p><p>and the testing of the implementation.</p>

L'Internet du futur devra certainement utiliser la virtualisation, car elle permet un passage flexible vers de nouveaux modèles de réseau, offre une abstraction des ressources, permet une meilleure utilisation de ces ressources ainsi que le partage de ces ressources. La virtualisation des serveurs est déjà utilisée depuis plusieurs années dans les centres de données et sur Internet. L'abstraction du matériel, le partage des ressources et les facilités de déploiement ont permis d'évoluer vers le modèle des services infonuagiques. On pense donc que l'Internet du futur doit passer par une virtualisation des équipements de réseau pour emprunter un chemin similaire à celui des serveurs vers l'informatique en nuage. Pour faciliter la découverte des ressources d'un réseau d'équipements virtuels, il est préférable de ne pas contacter chaque équipement du réseau à tour de rôle. Pour accélérer la création d'un inventaire des ressources disponibles, il est nécessaire d'établir leur cartographie. Cette cartographie des ressources associées à leur nœud physique sera appelée topologie puisqu'elle tiendra compte des liaisons entre les ressources et les nœuds du réseau. Le contexte de cette recherche est une approche de stabilisation rapide de la topologie des ressources mises en commun pour des réseaux dont les équipements ont été virtualisés. La centralisation d'une topologie globale d'un réseau comme Internet ne pourrait être possible. La fréquence des mises à jour et la quantité d'opérations de lecture demanderaient une infrastructure incroyablement puissante pour supporter des millions de clients concurrents. La décentralisation est une approche qui permet de répondre à cette demande en puissance par la distribution massive de la charge de travail entre plusieurs ordinateurs. De plus, elle permet d'accroitre la tolérance aux fautes, l'autoadaptation de la topologie, la réplication d'une large quantité de données et rapproche les informations vers les clients. À première vue, le modèle semble parfait, mais pour maintenir une telle topologie qui soit structurée autour d'un réseau, qui est lui-même en constante évolution, le modèle présente une complexité supplémentaire. En effet, pour maintenir une telle structure, il faut la mettre à jour à chaque changement. La décentralisation seule peut alors entraîner des connexions lentes entre deux nœuds qui sont relativement éloignés l'un de l'autre géographiquement et dont la latence entre ces liens peut être élevée. Ces connexions lentes peuvent ralentir les mises à jour de la topologie et donc ralentir la convergence (voir lexique) de l'information. L'utilisation d'une approche non structurée peut éliminer cette limitation. Chaque nœud participant à un système non structuré prend ses propres décisions. Ces décisions n'affectent pas les autres nœuds du système. Le travail présenté dans ce mémoire utilise un réseau qui reflète une des directions d'exploration des projets de GENI [1], PlanetLab [2], VINI [3], Cabo [4], etc. Ce réseau utilise des routeurs virtuels dont les nœuds physiques partagent leurs ressources informatiques. Une approche de mises à jour décentralisées et non structurées sera utilisée dans le but de gérer la topologie et de répondre aux exigences de distribution, de robustesse, de croissance et d'extensibilité de cette dernière. Dans le réseau de routeurs virtuels du présent travail, chaque nœud physique possède sa propre copie de la topologie des ressources partagées par les autres nœuds physiques du réseau. Le défi principal que relève ce mémoire est la convergence rapide de cette topologie des ressources partagées, appliquée à un grand réseau. Afin de réaliser les mises à jour de la topologie des ressources partagées, deux modèles d'architecture de système distribué ont été étudiés : le P2P (voir lexique) et le Gossip (voir lexique). Dans un premier temps, il sera démontré comment le modèle Gossip paraît être le mieux adapté au contexte du présent travail. Dans un deuxième temps, l'expérience du protocole P2P Gnutella a fait ressortir qu'il est préférable de profiter de la topologie du réseau sur lequel on s'exécute. Le protocole Gossip sera amélioré en ce sens. Cette nouvelle version démontrera comment l'utilisation de la topologie du réseau physique peut être utilisée comme levier pour améliorer sa performance. Finalement, il sera démontré en quoi l'amélioration apportée permet de stabiliser le temps de convergence d'une topologie décentralisée et non structurée indépendamment de la taille et de la latence d'un réseau, pourvu qu' il soit fortement maillé. ______________________________________________________________________________

Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-38)

Denna essä handlar om skitsnack och socialt samspel på en arbetsplats belyst ur olika perspektiv. Med start i två berättelser tagna från mitt yrkesliv inom förskolan för jag en diskussion, utifrån teorier, i syfte att förstå varför jag agerat och kommunicerat som jag gjorde i dessa händelser samt vad som påverkar en individs handlande. Mina berättelser beskriver en händelse där jag har åsikter om vad en kollega säger om chefen samt en annan händelse där mina kollegor är upprörda över hur chefen uttrycker sig i ett brev. Forskningsfrågorna handlar om vad skitsnack är, varför det uppstår och fortgår och vad som kan påverka hur man interagerar och kommunicerar med sina kollegor. Jag försöker i essän tolka hur jag kommunicerar i de beskrivna situationerna och vad som ligger bakom mitt beteende. Jag ger en förklaring till hur man kan se på skitsnack och hur man kan tolka det sociala samspelet kollegor emellan genom tre etiska perspektiv - yrkesetik, pliktetik samt diskursetik. Även utifrån teorier om gruppdynamik och makt tolkas situationerna och mitt agerande.Jag kommer fram till att skitsnack kan ses på olika sätt, allt från lättare småprat till att baktala någon. Jag beskriver att det finns mycket som ligger bakom en individs sätt att kommunicera på en arbetsplats, till exempel kulturen inom organisationen samt individens och gruppens etiska grundtankar. Osäkerhet och otydlighet är en faktor som framträder och kan påverka sättet att prata med, eller om, varandra inom en grupp. Utöver det kommer jag fram till att en förskola kan vara en otydlig organisation på grund av att arbetssättet där man jobbar i arbetslag kan krocka med en hierarkisk modell som finns beskriven i till exempel läroplanen. / This essay is about gossip (the swedish word ”skitsnack” hasn´t an english word that means the same thing. ”Skitsnack” means everything from smalltalk, to gossip, to slander. I use gossip because it is quite near) and social interaction in the workplace, seen from different perspectives. Starting with two scenarios taken from my professional life in pre-school, I discuss based on theories in order to understand why I acted and communicated as I did in those events and what influences an individual's actions. My stories describe an event where I have opinions about what one colleague says about our manager, and another event where my colleagues are upset about how our manager expresses herself in a letter. The research questions are about what gossip is, why it occurs and continues, and what can influence how people interact and communicate with their colleagues. I try in this essay to interpret how I communicate in the described situations and what lies behind my behavior. I give an explanation of how to identify what gossip is and how to interpret the social interaction between colleagues through three ethical perspectives - professional ethics, deontology and discourse ethics. Through theories of group dynamics and power I interpret the situations and my actions. I conclude that gossip can be seen to range from small talk to slander. I describe that there is much that lies behind an individual's way of communicating in the workplace, for example the culture within an organization as well as the ethical thoughts of the individual and the group. Uncertainty and lack of clarity is one factor that emerges and this may affect the way we talk to, or about, each other within a group. Beyond that, I concluded that a pre-school can be an indistinct organization since working in teams may clash with a hierarchical model that is described in the curriculum.

This thesis explores oral communication in St. Gallen through the lens of the linen merchant Johannes Rütiner (1501-1556/7). By reconstructing Rütiner's network of informants and probing four genres of communication within their respective social contexts - jokes, gossip, rumour, and memory narratives -, it explores early modern sociability, the circulation of information, and the relationship between oral testimony, manuscript, and print. Sixteenth-century St. Gallers relied heavily on informal, oral networks to provide them with news and information of all kinds. An individual's access to information was thus to a large degree determined by the social networks within which they spent their life. As St. Gallers sought to secure a place for themselves in such circles, they in turn used jokes, gossip, and information of all kinds as a form of "communicative social capital", allowing them to present themselves as witty, well-connected, and knowledgeable. Rather than treating the instability of oral narratives as evidence of the inherent unreliability of the spoken word, this study proposes to analyse their evolution as a key to early modern mentalities. It also calls into question some of the dominant narratives regarding the printing revolution. Not only did oral communication continue to play a central role in the dissemination of information in the first half of the sixteenth century, but existing systems of "source criticism", developed in the context of dominantly oral networks, moreover cast doubt on the reliability of anonymous prints: because they made their trust in a piece of news conditional on their trust in the messenger, Rütiner and his fellow citizens often preferred oral narratives provided by familiar, trustworthy informants.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-05-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:30:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 maria_mfa_me_assis.pdf: 2014401 bytes, checksum: a4a68c041ea3cc0478a16f33f5a7d53e (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O objetivo dessa dissertação será interpretar os discursos e representações presentes na coluna social “Rumores Sociais”, editada entre 1959 e 1964 no periódico guarapuavano Folha do Oeste. Neste percurso, buscamos compreender quem eram os seus produtores e quais as estratégias utilizadas para difundir estes discursos entre as elites guarapuavanas, bem como a que prática estes estavam ligados. A partir desse objetivo, poderemos perceber as especificidades nas interpretações sobre as transformações vividas pela cidade tendo em vista os sujeitos que as inscreveram. Analisando estas representações, poderemos perceber os limites e papéis impostos pelas elites a si e aos demais integrantes do espaço urbano, delimitando quais as atitudes aceitáveis, quais as depreciáveis e de que forma estabeleciam os espaços a serem ocupados por cada grupo dentro da vida social citadina / The objective of this dissertation is to interpret the discourses and representations in the gossip column “Rumores Sociais”, published between 1959 and 1964 in the Guarapuava’s newspaper Folha do Oeste. In this course, we understand who the producers and the strategies used to disseminate these discourses among Guarapuava’s elites and the practice that transformations experienced by the city in order that the subjects enrolled. Analyzing these representations we realize the limits and roles imposed by the elites themselves and other members of the urban space, limiting what actions acceptable, depreciable and which established how the spaces to be occupied by each group within the city social life

The ability to detect and prevent a network from DDoS attack and to ensure the high quality infrastructure is a back bone of today’s network security issues. In this thesis, we have successfully validated an algorithm using OmNet++ Ver. 4.0 simulation to show how a DDoS attack can be detected and how the nodes can be protected from such an attack using GOSSIP protocol.

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