Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Laura Gallucci.pdf: 446325 bytes, checksum: 24d272ec328a59fb171cf8634ffa23e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-08 / Knowledge management has most frequently been studied focusing on the explicit knowledge and technological support, and has been perceived as a logical evolution of traditional information systems. Deriving from this view, it has been implemented mainly by companies which operations demand high technology. This way to perceive knowledge management tends to exclude organizations in which tacit knowledge is the main asset, as it occurs at colleges and universities; these organizations fit the concept of knowledge companies , because their main goals are create, manage and disseminate knowledge, their services are mainly intangibles and their quality is directly linked to quality and knowledge (mainly tacit) kept it as individual intellectual capital, in their teachers mind. Adding to this scenery the fast raising of competition in private colleges and universities in Brazil, it s possible to observe the implementation of knowledge management in these teaching institutions as a key-factor to guarantee their survival and competitivity, because of it contribution to increase the quality of teaching services offered. According to this situation, the goal for this dissertation is to establish the main basis for a knowledge management model, specially developed to supply colleges and universities characteristics, and have their focus on sharing knowledge (mainly tacit, but also explicit) among the members of their teaching staff. To reach the proposed goal, two research questions has been explored: which should be the basis to the model and which are the internal conditions for higher education institutions that increase or decrease the probability for a knowledge management model to be successfully implemented. In the search for a conceptual deepening related to research questions, an historical method was used, reviewing concepts and theories about knowledge management in the last fifty years, and the comparative method, with the analysis of different bibliographic sources, followed by selection of the most suitable to this work goal. To reinforce the applicability of knowledge management models to organizations reality, the methodological procedure also included the selection and analysis of real cases, studies and researches with three focuses: knowledge management in business, knowledge management in higher education institutions and the impact of loss of main collaborators in the intellectual institutional capital. The resulting model contains the main basis to implement knowledge management in higher education institutions and supplies particularities for an important part of these institutions, which culture does not stimulate the sharing of knowledge and which are not willing to make significant investments in innovations that can t have their effectiveness proved beforehand / A Gestão do Conhecimento tem sido estudada, com maior freqüência, focando o conhecimento explícito e o suporte tecnológico, sendo percebida como uma evolução lógica dos tradicionais sistemas de informação. Em decorrência dessa visão, ela vem sendo implementada, sobretudo, por empresas cujas operações estão ligadas à tecnologia de ponta. Esta forma de perceber a Gestão do Conhecimento tende a excluir organizações em que o conhecimento tácito é o principal ativo, como ocorre nas instituições de ensino superior; estas se enquadram no conceito de empresas do conhecimento , pois suas principais funções são gerar, gerir e disseminar conhecimento, seus serviços têm alto grau de intangibilidade e sua qualidade está diretamente ligada à qualidade e ao conhecimento (principalmente tácito) armazenado sob a forma de capital intelectual individual na mente de seus professores. Somando-se a este quadro o aumento acelerado da concorrência no setor do ensino superior privado no Brasil, pode-se perceber a implementação da Gestão do Conhecimento nessas instituições de ensino como um fator-chave para garantir sua sobrevivência e sua competitividade, por sua contribuição para aumentar a qualidade dos serviços educacionais prestados. Face ao cenário apresentado, o objetivo desta dissertação é estabelecer as principais bases de um modelo de Gestão do Conhecimento especialmente desenvolvido para atender às características das instituições de ensino superior, e cujo foco está no compartilhamento de conhecimento (sobretudo tácito, mas também explícito) entre os membros de seu corpo docente. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, duas questões de pesquisa foram exploradas: quais devem ser as bases do modelo e quais são as condições internas às instituições de ensino superior que aumentam ou reduzem a probabilidade de que um modelo de Gestão do Conhecimento seja implementado com sucesso. À busca de um aprofundamento conceitual em relação às questões de pesquisa, utilizou-se o método histórico, com a revisão de conceitos e teorias sobre Gestão do Conhecimento nos últimos cinqüenta anos, e o método comparativo, com a análise e a seleção das fontes bibliográficas mais adequadas à finalidade deste trabalho. Para reforçar a aplicabilidade de modelos de Gestão do Conhecimento à realidade das IES, o procedimento metodológico também incluiu a seleção e a análise de casos reais, estudos e pesquisas com três focos: a Gestão do Conhecimento em empresas comerciais , a Gestão do Conhecimento em instituições de ensino superior e o impacto da perda de colaboradoreschave no capital intelectual institucional. O modelo resultante contém as principais bases para a implementação da Gestão do Conhecimento em instituições de ensino superior e atende às particularidades de boa parte dessas instituições, cuja cultura não estimula o compartilhamento do conhecimento e que não se dispõem a fazer investimentos significativos em inovações cuja eficácia não possa ser comprovada de antemão

As a form of expert labour and organizational resource, knowledge workers are important in organizational life as producers and consumers of knowledge. The role of knowledge workers and the ways in which they transfer their knowledge become important as they possess the symbolic and analytic skills to undertake work which is contingent upon the application of ambiguous knowledge in uncertain, networked business environments. Yet, in much of the existing literature knowledge workers and knowledge transfer seem to have been partially interpreted and through a perspective maintaining an emphasis on organizational performance. Current understanding of the role of knowledge workers sees knowledge workers as either willing or reluctant to share knowledge, i.e. as either contributing to organizational efficiency or its opposite, while knowledge sharing is unequivocally understood as beneficial for organizational performance. The aim of the study is to produce an interpretation of knowledge transfer and the role of knowledge workers that extends beyond simplified and limited categories. The perspective of the knowledge worker is centrally adopted and, using this approach, the identity of knowledge workers and their interpretation of knowledge sharing are explored. The study focuses on 58 knowledge workers in the subsidiaries of five high-tech multinational companies in Athens, Greece, where complex, ambiguous knowledge work and operational interdependencies are supported by elaborate architectures of Knowledge Management initiatives. The method of data collection is interviews and data have been analysed by using QSR N-VIVO and developing thematic conceptual matrices. The findings suggest that, across organizational contexts, knowledge workers construct and maintain identities of competence and upward mobility and exhibit a combination of behaviour. Here, knowledge is better seen as being traded, rather than shared. Knowledge exchanges are subject to a set of knowledge trading principles which reflect self-interested and instrumental conceptualizations of competence and lead to the discrimination and selection of knowledge categories, uses and groups of colleagues. It is indicated that different conceptualizations of the self and various behaviours co-exist and manifest interchangeably thus both supporting and undermining corporate priorities throughout the course of practice. Knowledge worker self and behaviour play an ambivalent role in relation to corporate priorities disturbing but also harmonizing the organizational context. Monochrome notions of ‘sharing’, or interpretations assuming either the willingness to share knowledge or not reflect only part of who the knowledge worker is and why he/she transfers knowledge.

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知識分享是知識管理成敗的關鍵，網路社群又是資訊科技與網際網路中最適於互動與交流的應用方式，因此，本研究擬以網路社群為研究對象，探討以下研究目的：1.何種類型的個人動機、團隊與組織，較有益於知識的分享。2.資訊系統於知識分享過程中所扮演的角色。3.個人、團隊與組織因素之間的互動情形。 本研究採取「個案研究法」，以深度訪談、初步描述性統計分析以及網路上發言記錄的資料分析進行之。研究程序為確認以網路社群之知識分享為研究主題後，隨即進行相關文獻的蒐集與探討，進而發展出研究架構並據之以設計問卷。接下來，針對問卷的結果進行初步描述性統計分析，將整理後的結果與研究架構對照後，設計訪談大綱並進行深度訪談。最後進行個案分析與命題發展，並推導出結論與建議。 本研究的結論如下：個人因素、團隊設計、高階領導、組織文化與管理制度等因素，都會對知識分享意願產生影響，進而影響知識分享行為。個人因素會影響知識分享的意願。不一樣的想法、習慣、個性、限制或動機等個人因素，會形成不一樣的知識分享意願。不同的團隊成員或設計會有不同的知識分享意願。高階領導會影響知識分享的意願，且高階領導涉入越深，促進知識分享意願的效果越顯著。組織文化會影響知識分享的意願，其中非正式關係越好或是越容許犯錯，越能促進分享意願。管理制度會影響知識分享的意願，其中獎勵、舉辦專案或娛樂活動與建立實務社群等，皆能促進知識分享意願。組織因素中（高階領導、組織文化、管理制度），以高階領導對知識分享意願的影響最大，管理制度最小。個人、團隊、高階領導、組織文化與管理制度等各項影響知識分享意願的因素之間，彼此會互相影響，進而影響知識分享意願。知識分享意願受個人、團隊與組織因素的影響來決定，而良好的資訊系統會間接增強分享意願，資訊系統不好則會降低意願，性質較接近保健因子。影響知識分享行為的因素有知識分享意願與個人限制，如專業能力、電腦能力與時間壓力等，其中以分享意願最為重要。網路社群的知識分享行為對經驗傳承與溝通協調有正面的影響，其影響的效果又受高階領導與組織文化等因素的影響。 本研究的建議如下：1.進行知識管理時，不可忽略知識分享的重要性。本研究所提出的架構，或許還有些許參考的價值。2.可以將資訊系統視為一種限制條件，亦即在一定的資訊系統下，組織如何透過內部的調整與安排，使得知識分享的效果極大化。3.引進知識分享的資訊工具後，必須注意其他配套措施是否完善，諸如個人動機、團隊設計、高階領導、組織文化與管理制度等，以免空有知識分享的工具，而沒有具體的知識分享行為。 / Knowledge sharing is the most important key of knowledge management. Network community, also called virtual community, is the best solution in Internet or Information Technology to communicate, interact and share information or knowledge with others. One of network communities will be observed and three issues will be discussed: 1. What kinds of factors can improve the members’ inclination to share their own knowledge? 2. What is the correlation between the process of knowledge sharing and information technology? 3. How do influential factors interact with each other? What the methodology is used is “Case Study”. There are three data sources-deep interview, elementary descriptive statistics analysis and the analysis of records in the database. Personal factors as well as group and organizational ones can influence the inclination to share, which determines the sharing behavior. As for organizational factors, leadership should be considered with first priority. Poor information system will limit the sharing inclination of members. Using good information system; however, cannot surely improve the sharing. Personal factors, group factors, leadership, organizational culture and managerial system would interact with each other. Moreover, the critical factor of the interaction is leadership. There's a distorting opinion on the correlation between knowledge sharing and information system. Information system wouldn’t work without supporting factors, such as leadership, managerial system and so on. In addition, Knowledge sharing could be done well even without excellent information system.

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In the presented dissertation, there is, based on a given topic “Internet tools for lifelong learning in the IT sector”, expressed an appropriate coverage of created partial research tasks with an active solution of them at the Faculty of Business and Management, Brno University of Technology for branch Company Management and Economics, and that in accordance with the defined areas of research and publication activities. For systemic approach to the whole dissertation, it was defined area of theoretical perspectives and expressed methodology for addressing systemic models of education on Internet means and for that practical research work was chosen adaptable (“learning”) Company 1 as a reference (for solving individual practical research tasks) and a methodology of modern approach to modelling was created (“for modern management and information communication between systems”) and also modelling of a required adaptable (“directly also improving with modelling”) Internet (and intranet) environment of companies and its use in the process of lifelong learning of knowledge workers (“teachers”) of Company 1 and possible additional (“knowledge workers and users”) Company 2, 3, ..., m i.e. “businesses as other customers” and all that to actively create an adaptable and new space with the possible use of an evolutionary (“new and also modern and intelligent and self-learning”) means of information and communication technologies (ICT) both from the world and from the Czech Republic and especially new (and evolutionary perspective) Internet tools and resources for business management, lifelong learning in IT sector and necessary monitoring of demanded company's competitiveness operating in dynamically developing IT. By systemically solved modelling on computers, there is expressed an issue of appropriately selected internet tools in a competitive environment of companies, and also there is addressed by computer modelling a new approach to modelling leading to an anticipated modernization of modern electronic lifelong learning forms built on tools and resources of the Internet. The work also includes a creation of models on PCs allowing comparison of expected changes in competitiveness of companies reacting to the benefits of created methodology and that leads to an anticipated improvement in the quality of management and economics of companies in terms of relative improvement of their competitiveness. Solving of these modern issues is conducted based on an appropriate analysis of selected enterprises, corresponding to the solved topic and solved objectives of the work and also obtained information from publications in world information sources on the Internet and from virtual libraries of the world, publishing, seminars, proceedings and conferences. The results of system analytical approach to solving tasks and activities of the research work have been regularly published in articles of professional and peer-reviewed journals and also in conference contributions. In these research results, there is systematically expressed a new essence of solving interface of social and IT technical system with selected resources of internet tools for lifelong learning companies working in IT sector as a possible contribution into modern creation of self-learning organizations.

The theme of my thesis was Human resource management in the selected organization. I chose the CSOB. In the theoretical part, I wrote about the important definitions associated with this topic. For example, human resource management, human resources, intellectual capital, human capital, knowledge organization, knowledge worker, culture, corporate culture, training and staff employees, the role of the HRM manager. The main objective was to evaluate human resource management with a focus on developing intellectual capital in a particular organization. Partial objectives was: characteristics of the selected company, its historical development, targeting and mapping of the human resources department, design and evaluation of the marketing research staff focused on the functionality of human resources in the organization, analysis of data and information, and an overall assessment of current approaches to managing human resources and intellectual capital to work with the selected organization and assessment of current situation and possibilities for improvement and formulation of its own proposals and measures in the field of human resources. The practical part of my work I have a stock of internal materials the HRM system in CSOB, I conducted market research among employees. Next, I evaluated the results of marketing research and presented in the form of tables and graphs. The data analysis revealed that employees are most satisfied with the HRM system, I see only a lack of communication and access management company. Solution is open communication and improved access to management start.