Los territorios locales y regionales son una “producción social” a partir de la interacción entre agentes que poseen intereses, lógicas y estrategias diversas y que actúan desde diversas escalas de la realidad. Esto suele obviarse cuando se habla de políticas de desarrollo territorial, como si éstas operasen en campos sociales vacíos. En América Latina y Chile existe un déficit (inter)disciplinario que abra una socio-economía política de lo territorial. Ella es clave, además, para analizar las viabilidades de sociedades locales con protagonismo de sus agentes más enraizados en los territorios, en cuanto medio de vida y trabajo. El recorrido por las teorías y conceptos que han destacado el lugar ocupado por determinados agentes como estructurantes de los territorios subnacionales muestra una diversidad de aproximaciones, así como de espacios y tiempos históricos que han servido de referencia. Un período especial es la de los últimos decenios, en que se constituye un importante debate acerca del peso y las relaciones que tienen los agentes globales, nacionales y locales en las dinámicas territoriales. Los estudios de territorios -las ciudades chilenas de Valdivia, Temuco y Arica- permiten visualizar el juego denso de agentes que va imprimiendo el movimiento de lo local: grupos globales exportadores; cadenas nacionales e internacionales de comercio y servicios; distintos expresiones sectoriales del Estado y sus niveles centrales, regionales y locales; diversos grupos medios diferenciados en ideologías e intereses; instituciones como universidades, iglesias, partidos políticos y Ongs; agentes populares como el sindicalismo, micro-empresariado popular, grupos vecinales; y manifestaciones étnicas. Entre ellos median relaciones de conflicto, de cooperación o fragmentaciones. Estas ocurren marcadas por una envoltura histórica que expresa la singularidad de cada ciudad construida en el tiempo. En esa dinámica se va revelando el poder aumentado de grandes agentes privados, pero también el de los agentes para empujar una gobernancia local para un desarrollo endógeno y democrático. / La thèse a pour objectif de faire un apport à l'étude et à la compréhension des sociétés locales. Cet objectif naquit de la constatation d'une certaine rareté de ce type d'analyses au Chili en contraste par rapport a la prédominance d'un discours normatif que mettais en avant l'idée de la nécessite de la décentralisation. La question centrale qui a orienté la recherche fut : « qui sont les agents qui produisent les réalités locales ». Comme prémisse dans ma recherche je soutenais que le local est constitue par en ensemble d'agents différents de par leurs intérêts, logiques et stratégies. La action et l'interaction entre ces agents, constituant la scène sociopolitique locale. Un objectif parallèle à ma thèse, lie à l'antérieur, fut de contribuer à la réflexion sur les possibilités d'un développement endogène au niveau des territoires locaux. Ceci, compris comme un développement qui a un haut degré de protagonisme de la part des agents qui font de ce territoire leur lieu de vie et de travail, en particulier les agents populaires. Ceci comme une manière de mieux articuler développement et démocratie.

This work explores the connections between the constructed representations of places based on local histories, the processes of tradition reinvention and the strategies of regional development in two Russian regions. This analysis also outlines the context created by the external to the regions influences and the associated with them local conditions.

This work explores the connections between the constructed representations of places based on local histories, the processes of tradition reinvention and the strategies of regional development in two Russian regions. This analysis also outlines the context created by the external to the regions influences and the associated with them local conditions.

The thesis evaluates the case of Ortahisar where natural rock-caved storage sector has been the major dominant traditional economic activity since 1950s. However this economic sector has begun to recess because of conservation priorities after the declaration of G&ouml / reme Historical National Park including Ortahisar settlement in World Heritage List by UNESCO in 1986. In addition, the tourism sector has begun to develop gradually in the Region as large amounts of tourists began to invade because of the world heritage advertisement of UNESCO and has begun to threaten the town&rsquo / s local economy, natural rock-caved storage sector. The aim of this thesis is to balance the stone-caved storage sector and tourism sector facilities and integrate the sustainable sides of them with conservation and sustainability objectives in a socio-spatial planning model and to ensure these two sectors&rsquo / positive contributions to each other and local economy. Finally, the thesis will emphasize the contribution of heritage planning to the sustainability of the local economy, ensuring of each sectors contribution to each other and local economy and heritage conservation process.

For the past decades, culture has been given a role as a factor for local and regional development. But what is meant by development and in what ways culture can be of importance in this aspect can be unclear. This thesis examines the perception of the role for local and regional development of one specific cultural place and network – the cultural cooperative Not Quite in Fengersfors, Sweden. I study the way the role as developer is expressed and interpreted in the discourse of the cultural workers who are members of the network and in the discourse of public cultural policy in the region Västra Götaland and in Åmål municipality. The study shows that there are both similarities and differences between the discourses concerning how the role as developer is expressed. What differs is the focus on economic growth, which is expressed to be of great importance in the public cultural policy discourse. The cultural workers within Not Quite express a lack of interest in economic growth, or even a negative attitude towards it. They instead express a ”discourse of meaning”. For them, the main purpose of their artistic work is to create meaning and value for other people rather than economic growth. However, the practical effects of the differences seem quite small. There seem to be a balance between the different kinds of development Not Quite is expected to contribute to, and the cultural workers express a relaxed attitude to goals and expectations from the Västra Götaland region and Åmål municipality.

Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe analizuojamas Leader programos įgyvendinimas Radviliškio rajone. Pirmoje bakalauro baigiamojo darbo dalyje nagrinėjami kaimo plėtros įgyvendinimo aspektai, pasitelkiant Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių įžvalgas atskleista kaimo plėtros samprata bei raida. Atskleista Leader metodo samprata, apžvelgti metodo principai, įgyvendinimo etapai. Taip pat šioje dalyje išanalizuotas Leader programų įgyvendinimas Lietuvoje. Empirinėje bakalauro baigiamojo darbo dalyje atliekama Leader programos įgyvendinimo Radviliškio rajone situacijos analizė, analizuojama vietos plėtros strategija bei jos įgyvendinimas. Taip pat atliekamas VVG veiklos vertinimas procesų aspektu. Kokybinių duomenų rinkimo metodas – formalizuotas interviu su informantais (vietos veiklos grupės atstovais, seniūnijų seniūnais ir bendruomenės pirmininkais) ir su ekspertu (Šiaulių univeriteto socialinių mokslų fakulteto dėstytoju, Kaimo plėtros tyrimų centro direktoriumi). Remiantis teorinėje dalyje aprašytais Leader metodo principais, sukonstruotas tyrimo instrumentas – interviu klausimynas. Jo pagalba apibrėžiamos Leader programos įgyvendinimo Radviliškio rajone tobulinimo galimybės, vietos plėtros strategijos įgyvendinimo problemos, jų priežastys, nustatytos strategijų tobulinimo galimybės. Atlikta Leader principų bei neurbanizuotų vietovių funkcijų įgyvendinimo Radviliškio rajone analizė, bei stiprybių ir galimybių analizė. / There is analyzed realization of Leader programme in Radviliškis area in this Bachelor’s thesis. There are analyzed aspects of realization of rural development in the first part of Bachelor’s thesis. Also, through some insights of Lithuanian and foreign authors and opinion, conception and evolution of rural development is revealed. The conception of Leader method is revealed, principles of this method and stages of implementation are reviewed. Moreover, the Leader programme realization in Lithuania is analyzed in this part of Bachelor’s thesis. In empirical part of this Bachelor’s thesis the situational analysis of Leader programmes’ realization in Radviliškis area is performed, local development strategy and its implementation are analyzed. Moreover, local activity groups performance is evaluated by aspects of processes. The method of qualitative data collection – formalized interview with informants (representatives of local activity group, elders of parish and councils of communities) and with an expert (Šiauliai university Social Sciences Faculty, Rural Development Research Center Director). The survey instrument – interview questionnaire – was designed basing on principles of LEADER method in theoretical part of Bachelor’s thesis. The opportunities for improvement of Leader programme realization, the realization problems and their causes of local development strategy in Radviliškis area are defined, the opportunities for strategies improvement are set. The analysis of... [to full text]

This work explores the connections between the constructed representations of places based on local histories, the processes of tradition reinvention and the strategies of regional development in two Russian regions. This analysis also outlines the context created by the external to the regions influences and the associated with them local conditions.

Notre thèse étudie les liens entre les « redevances forestières annuelles » (RFA) et le « développement local » dans deux communes du Cameroun. Ce travail anthropologique s’inscrit dans le débat qui se fait à l’échelle internationale relativement au rôle et au devenir des populations locales dans la gestion des ressources naturelles. Dans le passé, la gestion des redevances forestières annuelles (RFA) a été, dans les pays d’Afrique centrale et au Cameroun en particulier, sous la seule responsabilité de l’État central. Une telle politique n’offrait pas la garantie nécessaire à l’utilisation durable de ces ressources qui sont indispensables à la vie des populations villageoises riveraines et à l’équilibre de l’environnement. Profitant de la crise des années 1980 et 1990 en Afrique, le FMI et la Banque mondiale ont exercé une pression sur les États africains pour qu’ils revoient, en conformité avec la Conférence de Rio (1992), leurs politiques en matière de gestion et de conservation des ressources forestières. Dans le bassin du Congo, le Cameroun a été le tout premier pays à réviser, en 1994, ses lois forestières par le biais d’une décentralisation de la fiscalité forestière : les taxes perçues furent réparties entre l’État, les collectivités territoriales décentralisées et les populations villageoises riveraines. Les fonds transférés aux communes et aux populations riveraines devaient servir au développement local en contribuant notamment à l’amélioration des conditions générales de vie des populations à travers la réalisation d’œuvres sociales, l’adduction d’eau, la construction et l’entretien des routes, des écoles, des cases de santé, etc. Dans les faits, l’impact de la fiscalité forestière décentralisée reste à ce jour encore peu visible sur la dynamique du développement local des communes. Notre projet de recherche doctorale prend place dans le domaine d’une anthropologie du développement centrée sur l’étude des solutions que les populations locales apportent aux problèmes auxquels elles sont confrontées dans leur vie de tous les jours. L’analyse des impacts que les politiques de développement économique exercent sur les populations villageoises d’Afrique est ici à l’avant-plan, pas seulement au sens d’une critique des politiques étatiques en matière d’exploitation forestière, mais aussi au sens d’une meilleure compréhension des conditions de mise en œuvre de ces politiques et de l’impact de celles-ci sur les populations villageoises, tant sur le plan des avantages financiers directs que des transformations écologiques que les activités forestières introduisent dans les pratiques agricoles des villageois. Sur le plan méthodologique, il faut noter que ce fut très difficile d’obtenir les informations nécessaires, notre sujet d’étude se révélant être très sensible quant à sa portée politique. Nous avons néanmoins pu recueillir un solide ensemble de données par le biais d’une démarche de proximité de type qualitatif qui a été conduite dans deux communes forestières qui représentent deux réalités différentes en matière de gestion des RFA. La collecte des données a été faite, de manière intensive, dans sept villages qui répondaient à nos critères : nous avons ainsi pu étudier, de manière approfondie, la situation des groupes sociaux les plus défavorisés qui sont exclus dans le partage des revenus forestiers. Pour construire notre cadre théorique, nous avons combiné des éléments empruntés aux théories environnementales, à l’anthropologie économique et à l’analyse des modes de gestion. Il faut noter, par ailleurs, que l’anthropologue n’est ni un aménagiste, ni un environnementaliste, ni un spécialiste des études managériales. Nous avons conduit notre étude comparative dans les communes concernées en nous fixant pour objectif de comprendre les mécanismes de gestion des RFA mis en place par les leaders locaux et d’évaluer leur impact sur l’amélioration des conditions de vie des populations villageoises et sur leur écosystème. Notre préoccupation était de savoir si les RFA constituent des vecteurs de développement socioéconomique pour des populations vivant dans et de la forêt. / Our thesis is an examination of the relationship between annual forest royalties (AFRs) and local development in two communities in Cameroon. This anthropological study joins the debate that is taking place on an international scale with regard to the role and the future of local populations in the management of natural resources. In the past, the management of annual forest royalties was, especially in Central Africa and in Cameroon, the sole responsibility of the state. Such a policy did not offer the guarantees necessary for the sustainable use of these resources, which are indispensable to the lives of riverside village populations and the stability of the environment. Taking advantage of the crisis of the 1980s and 1990s in Africa, the IMF (International Monetary Fund) and the World Bank applied pressure on African States to revise their policies, in accordance with the Conference of Rio (1992), regarding the management and conservation of forest resources. In 1994, Cameroon was the first country in the Congo river basin to revise its forest laws by means of a decentralization of the forest tax system: taxes received were distributed between the State, decentralized territorial collectives and riverside village populations. Funds transferred to these collectives and riverside populations were to be used for local development, specifically by contributing to the improvement of the general conditions of these populations through the realization of social works, water delivery, the construction and maintenance of roads, schools, health centers, etc. In practice, the impact of the decentralized forest tax system is hardly visible in the dynamics of the local development of communities to this day. Our doctoral research project is in the field of the anthropology of development centered on the study of the solutions local populations bring to the problems they are confronted with in their daily lives. The analysis of the impacts of economic development policies on the village populations of Africa is here foregrounded, not only in the sense of a criticism of state policies regarding forestry development but also in the sense of better understanding the conditions of their implementation and impact on village populations; both from the point of view of direct financial benefits as well as ecological changes forestry activities introduce to the agricultural practices of the villagers. On the methodological level, it is essential to note that it was very difficult to obtain the necessary information, the subject of the study proving to be very sensitive in its political implications. We were nevertheless able to collect a solid set of data by means of a local qualitative approach that was carried out in two forest communities, those of A (68 villages) and B (17 villages), which represent two different realities in terms of the management of annual forest royalties (AFRs). Through an intensive approach, data collection was undertaken in seven villages that responded to our criteria: we were able to study, in depth, the situation of the most disadvantaged social groups excluded in the sharing of the forest royalties. In building out theoretical framework, we combined elements borrowed from environmental theory, economic anthropology and the analysis of management styles. It should be noted, moreover, that the anthropologist is neither a forester, nor an environmentalist, nor a specialist in managerial studies. We focused our comparative study in the municipalities of A and B on the objective of understanding the mechanisms for the management of AFRs set up by the local leaders and to estimate their impact on the improvement of the living conditions of the village populations and their ecosystems. Our concern was to know if AFRs establish vectors for the socioeconomic development for village populations living and from the forest.

Submitted by Aelson Maciera (aelsoncm@terra.com.br) on 2017-09-27T18:53:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSPT.pdf: 21302460 bytes, checksum: ef72e006db91b18ec625fbd6c362ddd9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (producaointelectual.bco@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-10T17:50:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSPT.pdf: 21302460 bytes, checksum: ef72e006db91b18ec625fbd6c362ddd9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (producaointelectual.bco@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-10T17:50:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSPT.pdf: 21302460 bytes, checksum: ef72e006db91b18ec625fbd6c362ddd9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-10T17:55:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSPT.pdf: 21302460 bytes, checksum: ef72e006db91b18ec625fbd6c362ddd9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-14 / Não recebi financiamento / Bamboo is a graminaceous plant with diverse possibilities of use that go from feeding to replacement of wood due to its physical and mechanical proprieties. Since such plant is perennial, its cultivation and handling, if performed correctly, can be an opportunity of exploring commercially the material. Since the sixties, the Brazilian government has encouraged silviculture through credit and funding programs to rural producers and in 2011 it was sanctioned the National Politics of Sustainable Handling and to the Cultivation of Bamboo (PNMCB, in Portuguese), stimulating the cultivation of the graminaceous plant by family farmers. Family Farm was created with the purpose of stimulating the cultivation of food by people who were given land rights by Brazilian Agrarian Reform to supply cities and PNMCB may be an alternative to stimulate the diversification of products. Solidary Economy can be a way of organization, generation of earnings, and decrease of poverty to family agriculturists, for it presents a self-managing, horizontal, cooperative, and solidary management structure, in which everyone involved display the same rights and duties, composing a collective enterprise. As an enterprise, it is possible to explore more deeply the marketplace through the sale of differentiated products, thus the concept of Sustainable Territorial Development can assist in competitiveness, earnings increase, besides stimulating the bamboo culture by means of the relations among the actors involved in the same productive chain. Therefore, the general objective of this research is to propose a management model to Solidary Economy Enterprises that are based on Family Farm to promote Sustainable Territorial Development in the confection of bamboo products. To develop the External Dimension that influence the enterprise was used the authors: Buarque (1999), Silva and Batalha (2011), Aaker (2012), and to the Internal Dimensions, was used the authors: GEPAI (2004), Aaker (2012) and the Solidary Economy concepts. The methodology of this research consists of using data collection instruments, such as document reading, searches in data, patents, and government agencies bases, interviews to verify the proposed management model. Also as subsidy to the elaboration of the model it was performed an Organizational Diagnosis to analyze the strong and weak points of the enterprise, based on the involved Internal and External Dimensions and the Organizational Planning to analyze opportunities for the development of the enterprise and identify competitive advantages by means of studying scenarios. The analysis of the External Dimensions allowed recognizing the external influences to the enterprise and its forms of access that allow the development, considering from the economic scenario to public, environmental, social, and technological politics. The analysis of the Internal Dimensions presented in the form of management modules granted the reflection on the formalization of existent information in the enterprise together with the recognition of points to be explored competitively and point to be revalued. With the accomplishment of the study of scenarios through crossing the proposed Dimensions, it was possible to visualize probable future situations that can assist as information for a Strategical Planning, leading a better positioning in marketplace. With this research, we concluded that is possible to identify the deficiencies of a family farm enterprise and, with the proposed model, the knowledge can be gained by farmers, making possible a better organization, management, and especially the identification of competitive advantages for the sector of bamboo. / O bambu é uma gramínea com diversas possibilidades de uso que vão desde a alimentação à substituição da madeira devido às suas propriedades físicas e mecânicas. Por se tratar de uma planta perene, seu cultivo e manejo se realizados da maneira correta pode ser uma oportunidade de explorar comercialmente o material. Desde a década de 60 o governo brasileiro tem incentivado a silvicultura através de programas de crédito e financiamentos a produtores rurais e em 2011 foi sancionada a Política Nacional de Manejo Sustentado e ao Cultivo do Bambu (PNMCB), estimulando o cultivo da gramínea por agricultores familiares. A Agricultura Familiar foi criada com o propósito de estimular o cultivo de alimentos por assentados da Reforma Agrária no Brasil para abastecer as cidades e a PNMCB pode ser uma alternativa para estimular a diversificação de produtos. A Economia Solidária pode ser uma forma de organização, geração de renda e diminuição da pobreza para os agricultores familiares, pois apresenta uma estrutura de gestão autogestionária e horizontalizada, cooperativa e solidária, na qual todos os envolvidos dispõem dos mesmos direitos e deveres, compondo um empreendimento coletivo. Enquanto empreendimento é possível explorar melhor o mercado através da venda de produtos diferenciados, assim o conceito do Desenvolvimento Territorial Sustentável pode auxiliar na competitividade, aumento da renda, além de estimular a cultura do bambu por meio das relações entre atores envolvidos na mesma cadeia produtiva. Assim, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa é propor um modelo de gestão para Empreendimentos da Economia Solidária que têm como base a Agricultura Familiar para promover o Desenvolvimento Territorial Sustentável na confecção de produtos de bambu. Para desenvolver as Dimensões Externas que influenciam o empreendimento, foram utilizados os autores Buarque (1999), Silva e Batalha (2011) e Aaker (2012), e para as Dimensões internas, foram utilizados por autores GEPAI (2004), Aaker (2012) e os conceitos e Economia Solidária. A metodologia desta pesquisa consistiu em utilizar instrumentos de coleta de dados, como leitura de documentos, buscas em bases de dados, patentes e órgãos governamentais, realização de entrevistas para verificar o modelo de gestão proposto. Também como subsídio a elaboração do modelo foi realizado um Diagnóstico Organizacional para analisar os pontos fortes e fracos do empreendimento com base nas Dimensões Externas e Internas envolvidas e o Planejamento Organizacional para analisar oportunidades para o desenvolvimento do empreendimento e identificar vantagens competitivas por meio do estudo de cenários. A análise das Dimensões Externas permitiu reconhecer as influências externas ao empreendimento e suas formas de acesso que permitem o desenvolvimento considerando desde o cenário econômico às políticas públicas, ambientais, sociais e tecnológicas. A análise das Dimensões Internas apresentadas em forma de módulos de gestão permitiu a reflexão sobre a formalização das informações existentes no empreendimento juntamente com o reconhecimento dos pontos a serem explorados competitivamente e pontos a serem reavaliados. Com a realização do estudo de cenários por meio dos cruzamentos das Dimensões propostas foi possível visualizar prováveis situações futuras que podem servir como informações para um Planejamento Estratégico conduzindo a um melhor posicionamento no mercado. Com esta pesquisa, conclui-se que é possível identificar as deficiências de um empreendimento da agricultura familiar e com o modelo proposto, é possível obter mais conhecimento pelos agricultores, possibilitando uma melhor organização, gestão e principalmente a identificação de vantagens competitivas para o setor do bambu.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:46:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaPQS.pdf: 581122 bytes, checksum: 6dd9326e4207f5ba412264dc753c49e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-30 / The Family Scolarship Program while public politics of intersectorial form developed by Social Development Department and Famine Combat having with partner the Education Department and Health Department inaugurate in the country a new integrity way of the public politics, reinforcing a precept of 2004 Social Protection National Politics (PNAS 2004) that places the social protection while allied to the social and human development. The research INCOME TRANSFER AND LOCAL DEVELOPMENT: the family scolarship program in Pedra Grande-RN municipally had as aim to avaluate the permanent Family Scolarship Program as a possible element in local development of Pedra Grande-RN municipally understood as capacity expansion and improvement of life quality from its users. For this means we elaborate specifically the families` socio-economical profile; we avaluate the program repercussion in these families` lives; we analyse in which proportion occurred the capacity expansion and improvement of life quality of the users. The methodologic process was constituted by: literarture review about Income Transfer, Social Vulnerability, Development and Public Politics Avaluation to the criation of a theoric picture analysis. The documental research joined to the Social Development Department and Famine Combat of Pedra Grande Municipally Hall to obtain of the aims, program goals, and the profile of users. And finally, carrying out the interviews with the managers and experts of the Municipally Program and focal groups with the users to avaluate the permanent of the Program starting by the points of view of those ones. It was verified that the program expand the capacity (food, consumer goods and services, bank services access and wages) and improvement in life quality of the users. Nevertheless, there are deficiencies in coming with conditionality and from the use of resources the by families users / O Programa Bolsa Fam?lia enquanto pol?tica p?blica de modalidade intersetorial, desenvolvida pelo Minist?rio do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate ? Fome, em parceria com o Minist?rio da Educa??o e o Minist?rio da Sa?de inaugura no pa?s um novo formato de integralidade da pol?tica p?blica, refor?ando um preceito da Pol?tica Nacional de Assist?ncia Social de 2004 (PNAS 2004) que coloca a assist?ncia social enquanto aliada do desenvolvimento social e humano. A pesquisa TRANFER?NCIA DE RENDA E DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL: o programa bolsa fam?lia no munic?pio de Pedra Grande-RN teve por objetivo Avaliar a efetividade do Programa Bolsa Fam?lia como um poss?vel elemento do desenvolvimento local no Munic?pio de Pedra Grande-RN, entendido como expans?o das capacidades e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos benefici?rios. Para tanto, especificamente, elaboramos o perfil s?cio-econ?mico das fam?lias; avaliamos as repercuss?es do programa na vida dessas fam?lias; analisamos em que propor??o ocorreu a expans?o das capacidades e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos benefici?rios. O processo metodol?gico constituiu-se de: revis?o de literatura sobre Transfer?ncia de Renda, Vulnerabilidade Social, Desenvolvimento e Avalia??o de Pol?ticas P?blicas para constru??o de um quadro te?rico de an?lise. Pesquisa documental junto ao Minist?rio do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate ? Fome na Prefeitura Municipal de Pedra Grande para obten??o dos objetivos, metas do programa, e o perfil dos benefici?rios. E finalmente realiza??o de Entrevistas com os gestores e t?cnicos do Programa no Munic?pio e grupos focais com os benefici?rios para avaliar a efetividade do Programa a partir da ?tica destes. Verificou-se que o programa expande as capacidades (alimenta??o, consumo de bens e servi?os, acesso aos servi?os banc?rios e remunera??o) e melhora a qualidade de vida dos beneficiados. No entanto existem defici?ncias na gest?o, no acompanhamento das condicionalidades e do uso dos recursos pelas fam?lias beneficiadas