京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第21334号 / 理博第4430号 / 新制||理||1636(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科生物科学専攻 / (主査)教授 古市 剛史, 教授 湯本 貴和, 教授 髙井 正成 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

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The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part is focused on the main theories of human mating strategies, such as sociosexual orientation and sexual strategies theory, which emphasizes intersexual differences as a result from the asymmetry of parental investment, and strategic pluralism theory, which highlights intrasexual variation in mating behavior. The second part consists of one review article published in the Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science and one original research article published in The Journal of Sex Research, a peer-reviewed journal. In this part we explored possible evolutionary origins and adaptive values of paraphilic interests and their prevalence in the Czech population. The third part consist of one article published in the peer-reviewed journal Personality and Individual Differences and two research studies which are currently under peer-review in two international journals. The main aim of this part was to test whether individual differences in femininity-masculinity, Big Five personality traits, and propensity to sexual excitation and inhibition are associated with individual sociosexual orientation. A further aim was to test whether attention towards sexual stimuli is affected by an individual's level of sociosexual orientation and by depressive...

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Pichia pastoris is a methylotrophic yeast that has been used in both research and industrial settings for recombinant protein expression due to the ease of genetically modifying its genome, its ability to grow to large densities in inexpensive media, and its capability to perform posttranslational modifications. Multiple tools such as the cis -acting factors MATα secretion signal and MBP fusion partners, and trans-acting modifications such as the bgs mutants have increased heterologous protein secretion. Although these techniques have already been used, their effects on the protein secretory pathway have yet to be elucidated. In this study, fluorescence microscopy was used to compare the localization of proteins expressed with the mutated MATα with the deletion of amino acids 57-70 to the wild type MATα secretion signal. Additional fluorescence microscopy was completed to visualize the localization of MBP-EGFP and EGFP-MBP fusion proteins and their spatial relativity to organelle markers. EGFP-MBP was used to further distinguish the properties of multiple bgs mutants. Additionally, secreted lipase activity levels were evaluated in bgs13 strains expressing either the wild type or the mutated MAT&agr; signal peptide. The results indicated that regardless of their differences, the MATα secretion signals and bgs mutants transported their cargo proteins through similar pathways within the cells. The results of the MBP fusion proteins suggest that the arrangement of MBP significantly influences protein secretion and localization. Lastly, the bgs13 mutant with MATα secretion signals demonstrated that lipase activity increased additively when cis- and trans -acting mutations were combined. Ultimately, these results can provide better understanding of each modified factor and the protein sorting pathway, leading to potential techniques that optimize protein secretion in P. pastoris .

Erotic stimuli in the consumer's environment can lead to affective responses, which produce traits such as erotophobia-erotophilia and lovestyle. Individuals can be classified as one of six main lovestyles, as well as erotophilic (having a positive view towards sexual behaviors) or erotophobic (having a negative view towards sexual behaviors). A person's style of loving may affect which products he or she perceives to be helpful in attracting potential sexual and relationship partners. I investigated this possible correlation by examining (1) whether each lovestyle is erotophilic or erotophobic and (2) which products erotophilic individuals are more likely to buy as opposed to those that erotophobic individuals are more likely to buy in (a) attracting sexual partners and (b) attracting relationship partners. The study indicated that lovestyle did not predict erotophobia-erotophilia, nor did the erotophobiaerotophilia trait predict which products an individual bought. However, a significant relationship was found between gender and erotophobia-erotophilia, as well as between gender and many of the products. Overall, the findings suggest that gender is the biggest predictor of what products were perceived as helpful in attracting sexual and relationship partners.

En stor del av dem som bildar par i Sverige har idag träffats på olika online-dejtingplattformar. Tidigare forskning har visat att kvinnor är mer selektiva i val av partner. Detta kan göra att män riskerar att bli bortvalda i dessa sammanhang, vilket kan medföra negativa konsekvenser för den enskilda individen och samhället i stort. Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att undersöka heterosexuella kvinnors preferenser och resonemang om mäns profiler inom online-dejting, med fokus på vad som får dem att välja en profil. För att besvara syftet ställs följande frågeställningar: “Vad anser heterosexuella kvinnor att en online-dejtingprofil skall innehålla för att de skall välja den?” och “Hur resonerar heterosexuella kvinnor när de väljer en online-dejtingprofil?". Semistrukturerade intervjuer har utförts med nio heterosexuella kvinnor mellan 22 och 30 år och materialet har därefter analyserats tematiskt. Studien har haft en abduktiv ansats och data diskuteras delvis utifrån teorin om assortative mating. Studien visade att kvinnor initialt resonerade kring profilens uppfattade positiva attribut, därefter sökte de efter ledtrådar i profilen om mannens egenskaper och slutligen visualiserade de sig att dejta mannen i verkligheten. Studiens resultat visade visst stöd för assortative mating då liknande värderingar var något många av respondenterna uppvisade preferenser för. Resultatet visade också att respondenterna konsekvent sökte efter ledtrådar i mannens online-dejtingprofil, ett sätt för dem att hantera den digitala miljön, med begränsad information. Studiens resultat diskuteras delvis utifrån ett perspektiv om kulturella skillnader, då assortative mating är utformad i en amerikansk kontext.

Yes / Daily increasing use of tidal power generation proves its outstanding features as a renewable source. Due to environmental concerns, tidal current energy which has no greenhouse emission attracted researchers’ attention in the last decade. Additionally, the significant potential of tidal technologies to economically benefit the utility in long-term periods is substantial. Tidal energy can be highly forecasted based on short-time given data and hence it will be a reliable renewable resource which can be fitted into power systems. In this paper, investigations of effects of a practical stream tidal turbine in Lake Saroma in the eastern area of Hokkaido, Japan, allocated in a real microgrid (MG), is considered in order to solve an environmental/economic bi-objective optimization problem. For this purpose, an intelligent evolutionary multi-objective modified bird mating optimizer (MMOBMO) algorithm is proposed. Additionally, a detailed economic model of storage devices is considered in the problem. Results show the efficiency of the suggested algorithm in satisfying economic/environmental objectives. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by making comparison with original BMO and PSO on a practical MG. / Iran National Science Foundation; Royal Academy of Engineering Distinguished Visiting Fellowship under Grant DVF1617\6\45

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付記する学位プログラム名: 霊長類学・ワイルドライフサイエンス・リーディング大学院 / 京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第24876号 / 理博第4986号 / 新制||理||1712(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科生物科学専攻 / (主査)教授 平田 聡, 教授 三谷 曜子, 教授 松田 一希 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM