Given Mexico's socio-economic and polítical demands derived from globalization,the need has arisen to promote knowledge, and specifically culture, to reafflrm the national unity. In view of this situation, it is imperative to provide appropriate training to the human resources, that will implement the various strategies and abilities aimed at the population's social development, in which the transfer of knowledge and traditions made up by the combination of a diversity of expressions becomes evident as a set of common elements which characterize a community and propitiates its own identity. lt is within this context that the infrastructure for promoting culture is embedded, involving institutions in charge of communicating it, that play an irreplaceable and growing role in the spread of the cultural richness and the organization of access to knowledge, and that in turnare a factor for social and cultural integration; likewise, these allow to gain access and make good use of knowledge, and constitute a core element of the material and sp:ritual patrimony for social development.Wilhin this framework, the present work is characterized by a poly-dimensional base, and in its sections the following  distribution  of infrastructure  is  illustrated: first, libraries, with the main objective of organizing and spreading knowledge, printed or available in any other means, aimed at contributing to the generation of new knowledge, with a role that is reflected in the economic and social aspects of any country. Then, there are the museums, instruments to unify the people, strengthening culture and keeping it alive, stretching the bonds between current and past generations;on the other hand, these also serve to draw new relationships between the local community and people from abroad, given that they foster cultural exchange and facilitare the acquisition of income through delivery of services to visitors. The so­ called casas de cultura (cultural centers) are organisms devoted to the promotion of arts and culture through workshops, meetings and displays of various kinds, as well as sculpture visits and/or common or virtual displays of paints, photographs and videos, electronic artistic posters and seminars. Botanical gardens are also included, which combine two purposes: for one part a scientiflc research and conservation goal, and for another, the cultural and education objective to spread knowledge through the interaction with the local society and communities, while at the same time they manage and preserve a documentary, genetic and even historical, ethnic and artistic patrimony. Last, zoos are included, the objective of which is to provide the population with the opportunity of observing and admiring Mexico's natural richness in terms of native fauna and flora, promoting the good health and reproduction of captive animals, thereby contributing to preservation, besides providing visitors with leisure, recreation  and a culture of protection  of wildlife and flora. Zoos also provide a geographical perspective that allows to gain knowledge about the distribution of species and their spatial relationship with sites, that is, a territorial view, in turn allowing to appreciate its spatial magnitude. All these on top of the individual identity, without which the national and cultural identities cannot be reached. Preserving culture is saving the soul, man's most profound reason for living, hence the importance of the role of the institutions created to promote the culture of any given country. / En función de las exigencias socioeconómicas y políticas de México, derivadas de la globalización, se requiere de conocimientos que propicien la reafirmación de la uni­dad nacional; entre ellos se incluye la cultura. Ante esta situación, la capacitación del recurso humano que ha de poner en acción las diversas habilidades y estrategias ten­ dientes al desarrollo social de la población es prioritaria, ya que el fenómeno de la transferencia de conocimientos y tradiciones conformada por el encuentro de múltiples expresiones se manifiesta en un conjunto de elementos comunes que le otorgan carácter singular a una colectividad y propicia desarrollar su identidad.  Dentro de este contexto se incluye la infraestructura para la difusión de la cultura, compuesta por instituciones encargadas de su transmisión, que desempeñan un papel insustitui­ ble y creciente en la difusión del acervo cultural y en la organización del acceso al conocimiento, y a la vez son factor de integración social y cultural; asimismo, permiten tener y saber utilizar los conocimientos adquiridos y son parte del patrimonio material y espiritual para el desarrollo de la sociedad.A partir de estas connotaciones el trabajo tiene una concepción polidimesional, ya que en apartados subsecuentes se muestra la distribución de esa infraestructura de la siguiente manera: primero, las bibliotecas que tienen dentro de sus objetivos principa­ les organizar y difundir el conocimiento impreso en cualquier tipo de medio, con el fin de incidir en la generación de nuevos conocimientos; su papel repercute en el contexto económico y social de cualquier país. Después los museos, que son un ins­ trumento para unificar a los pueblos, para fortalecer y revitalizar su cultura, estrechar lazos entre las generaciones anteriores y actuales; por otro lado, también articulan nuevas relaciones entre la comunidad y gente de afuera puesto que fomentan el inter­ cambio cultural y posibilitan la generación de ingresos por medio de la venta de servicios a visitantes. A continuación se presentan las casas de cultura, organismos dedicados a la promoción de las artes y la cultura mdiante talleres, convocatorias y exposiciones en diversas ramas, paseos escultóricos o exposiciones convencionales o virtuales de pintura, fotografía y video, así como postales artísticas electrónicas y seminarios. Se incluyen también los jardines botánicos, que combinan los objetivos científicos de investigación  y conservación con los educativos y culturales, y difun­den conocimientos en forma interactiva con las sociedades y comunidades locales, a la vez que manejan y conservan un patrimonio documental, genético e incluso histó­ rico, etnológico y artístico. Por ultimo, se presentan los zoológicos, cuya misión es la de brindar a la población la oportunidad de observar y admirar la riqueza natural de la fauna y la flora nativas de México y de otras regiones del mundo, así como fomen­ tar actividades de educación e investigación  para propiciar que los animales de las colecciones se mantengan sanos y se reproduzcan, y con ello se logre su conservación; tienen también el objetivo de brindar a los visitantes recreación, esparcimiento y una cultura de protección  a la fauna y la flora silvestre. Se proporciona  conjuntamente una visión cartográfica con la que se puede ver la distribución de la infraestructura y la relación con el lugar, o sea la territorialización, que permite ver su magnitud espa­ cial. Todo ello sin olvidar la identidad individual, sin la cual no se logran la identidad nacional y la cultural. Salvaguardar la cultura es salvar el alma que constituye la razón más profunda de vivir del ser humano; de ahí la importancia del rol de las institucio­nes encargadas de la difusión de la cultura de un país.

nÃo hà / O presente trabalho busca analisar os conflitos presentes na construÃÃo de uma memÃria organizadora para as cidades da zona norte do CearÃ. Interessa-nos desta memÃria sua Ãnfase na aÃÃo dos intelectuais e o desejo de atribuir Ãs cidades em questÃo o estatuto de âcidade intelectualâ. Obviamente, tal memÃria nÃo conseguiu impor o silÃncio Ãs memÃrias divergentes, que lhe desafiaram a hegemonia. A principal cisÃo interna dessa memÃria surgiu junto com uma nova categoria no interior do campo intelectual: os jornalistas. Tal processo pode ser percebido a partir da anÃlise das trajetÃrias profissionais e sociais de Vicente Loyola e Deolindo Barreto Lima, dois jornalistas cujas memÃrias constituÃram um desafio Ãquela memÃria intelectual organizadora em Sobral. O recorte espacial contempla a porÃÃo noroeste do CearÃ, tendo como epicentro a cidade de Sobral, onde essa memÃria voltada para os intelectuais se fez sentir de maneira mais intensa, podendo ser percebida nos jornais, na literatura e, mais recentemente, no processo de patrimonializaÃÃo. Para tanto, analisamos dois processos anteriores: a difusÃo do livro e da leitura, ancorada a um projeto de difusÃo da instruÃÃo representado pelos gabinetes de leitura, quando nos reportamos aos anos de 1870 a 1900; a consolidaÃÃo da imprensa enquanto espaÃo de profissionalizaÃÃo do trabalho intelectual e os conflitos surgidos nesse processo, que abarcou discursos e trajetÃrias diversas, compreendendo o intervalo entre os anos 1907 e 1932; e, por fim, o perÃodo de 1984 a 2015, quando se deu o processo de patrimonalizaÃÃo, iniciado com a comemoraÃÃo do centenÃrio de nascimento do jornalista Deolindo Barreto Lima, passando pelos tombamentos dos sÃtios histÃricos de Sobral e ViÃosa do Cearà e chegando aos dias atuais, quando as ditas cidades â bem como outras da zona norte deste estado â buscam sua consolidaÃÃo como pontos importantes no processo de interiorizaÃÃo do turismo e da iniciativas de natureza governamental no Ãmbito da promoÃÃo cultural. Este trabalho faz parte de um conjunto de estudos desenvolvidos pelo Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em PatrimÃnio e MemÃria â GEPPM/UFC/CNPq. . / O presente trabalho busca analisar os conflitos presentes na construÃÃo de uma memÃria organizadora para as cidades da zona norte do CearÃ. Interessa-nos desta memÃria sua Ãnfase na aÃÃo dos intelectuais e o desejo de atribuir Ãs cidades em questÃo o estatuto de âcidade intelectualâ. Obviamente, tal memÃria nÃo conseguiu impor o silÃncio Ãs memÃrias divergentes, que lhe desafiaram a hegemonia. A principal cisÃo interna dessa memÃria surgiu junto com uma nova categoria no interior do campo intelectual: os jornalistas. Tal processo pode ser percebido a partir da anÃlise das trajetÃrias profissionais e sociais de Vicente Loyola e Deolindo Barreto Lima, dois jornalistas cujas memÃrias constituÃram um desafio Ãquela memÃria intelectual organizadora em Sobral. O recorte espacial contempla a porÃÃo noroeste do CearÃ, tendo como epicentro a cidade de Sobral, onde essa memÃria voltada para os intelectuais se fez sentir de maneira mais intensa, podendo ser percebida nos jornais, na literatura e, mais recentemente, no processo de patrimonializaÃÃo. Para tanto, analisamos dois processos anteriores: a difusÃo do livro e da leitura, ancorada a um projeto de difusÃo da instruÃÃo representado pelos gabinetes de leitura, quando nos reportamos aos anos de 1870 a 1900; a consolidaÃÃo da imprensa enquanto espaÃo de profissionalizaÃÃo do trabalho intelectual e os conflitos surgidos nesse processo, que abarcou discursos e trajetÃrias diversas, compreendendo o intervalo entre os anos 1907 e 1932; e, por fim, o perÃodo de 1984 a 2015, quando se deu o processo de patrimonalizaÃÃo, iniciado com a comemoraÃÃo do centenÃrio de nascimento do jornalista Deolindo Barreto Lima, passando pelos tombamentos dos sÃtios histÃricos de Sobral e ViÃosa do Cearà e chegando aos dias atuais, quando as ditas cidades â bem como outras da zona norte deste estado â buscam sua consolidaÃÃo como pontos importantes no processo de interiorizaÃÃo do turismo e da iniciativas de natureza governamental no Ãmbito da promoÃÃo cultural. Este trabalho faz parte de um conjunto de estudos desenvolvidos pelo Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em PatrimÃnio e MemÃria â GEPPM/UFC/CNPq. . / The present work seeks to analyze the present conflicts in the construction of an organizing memory for the cities of the northern area of CearÃ. We are interested in this memory of its emphasis on the action of intellectuals and the desire to attribute the status of "intellectual city" to the cities in question. Obviously, such a memory failed to impose silence on the divergent memories that challenged itâs hegemony. The main internal split of this memory emerged along with a new category within the intellectual field: the journalists. This process can be perceived from the analysis of the professional and social trajectories of Vicente Loyola and Deolindo Barreto Lima, two journalists whose memories constituted a challenge to that intellectual memory in Sobral. The spatial clipping contemplates the northwestern portion of CearÃ, with the epicenter of the city of Sobral, where this memory focused on the intellectuals was felt more intensely, and can be seen in the newspapers, literature and, more recently, in the patrimonialisation process. To do so, we analyze two previous processes: the diffusion of the book and the reading, anchored to a project of diffusion of the instruction represented by the offices of reading, when we report the years of 1870 to 1900; the consolidation of the press as a space for the professionalization of intellectual work and the conflicts that emerged in this process that included diverse discourses and trajectories, including the interval between 1907 and 1932; and, finally, the period from 1984 to 2015, when the process of patrimonalization began, commemorating the centenary of the birth of the journalist Deolindo Barreto Lima, passing through the historic sites of Sobral and ViÃosa do Cearà and arriving at the days where these cities as well as others in the northern part of this state seek to consolidate them as important points in the process of internalization of tourism and initiatives of a governmental nature in the scope of cultural promotion. This work is part of a set of studies developed by the Group of Studies and Research in Patrimony and Memory - GEPPM/UFC/CNPq. / The present work seeks to analyze the present conflicts in the construction of an organizing memory for the cities of the northern area of CearÃ. We are interested in this memory of its emphasis on the action of intellectuals and the desire to attribute the status of "intellectual city" to the cities in question. Obviously, such a memory failed to impose silence on the divergent memories that challenged itâs hegemony. The main internal split of this memory emerged along with a new category within the intellectual field: the journalists. This process can be perceived from the analysis of the professional and social trajectories of Vicente Loyola and Deolindo Barreto Lima, two journalists whose memories constituted a challenge to that intellectual memory in Sobral. The spatial clipping contemplates the northwestern portion of CearÃ, with the epicenter of the city of Sobral, where this memory focused on the intellectuals was felt more intensely, and can be seen in the newspapers, literature and, more recently, in the patrimonialisation process. To do so, we analyze two previous processes: the diffusion of the book and the reading, anchored to a project of diffusion of the instruction represented by the offices of reading, when we report the years of 1870 to 1900; the consolidation of the press as a space for the professionalization of intellectual work and the conflicts that emerged in this process that included diverse discourses and trajectories, including the interval between 1907 and 1932; and, finally, the period from 1984 to 2015, when the process of patrimonalization began, commemorating the centenary of the birth of the journalist Deolindo Barreto Lima, passing through the historic sites of Sobral and ViÃosa do Cearà and arriving at the days where these cities as well as others in the northern part of this state seek to consolidate them as important points in the process of internalization of tourism and initiatives of a governmental nature in the scope of cultural promotion. This work is part of a set of studies developed by the Group of Studies and Research in Patrimony and Memory - GEPPM/UFC/CNPq.

This thesis is an enquiry into the conditions in which various understandings of the newly introduced but vaguely grasped Western notion of ‘art’ emerged and sustained themselves in the name of cultural reproduction in early twentieth-century China. This Western concept of art was translated into Chinese as ‘meishu’, a neologism originally coined in Japanese kanji, and regarded as the embodiment of the ‘national essence’. Through a close examination of five art-related publishing events—the publication of the nationalistic journal Guocui xuebao; the launch of the art periodical Shenzhou guoguangji; the endeavours to compile a book collection on art, Meishu congshu; the making of the text Zhonguo yishujia zhenglüe which claimed to be a history book of Chinese ‘meishu’; and an example of image appropriation from Stephen Bushell’s Chinese Art—this thesis explores the ways in which different ‘neologistic imaginations’ of the term ‘meishu’ were constructed through publishing practices attempting to preserve and reproduce the ‘national essence’, by creating from the existent tradition a category of ‘art’ equivalent to that in the European West. Unlike previous scholarship, which deems any understanding of ‘meishu’ that deviated from the ‘authentic’ European model a ‘misconception’, this thesis sees these disparate understandings of ‘meishu’ as equally valid statements competing for dominance in the discursive field of art. This thesis thus argues that there existed at least three modes of utterances regarding the notion of ‘meishu’ in early twentieth-century China, and that the success of any such given utterance depended upon the acceptance of the authentic quality argued in its strategy of cultural reproduction. This thesis hence not only offers a detailed analysis of each publishing event, but also provides an interpretative framework within which the recognition of these utterances can be analysed by their strategic approaches to claiming cultural authenticity.

La notion de pauvreté a fait l’objet de nombreux débats à travers le monde. Les premières analyses ont mis l’accent sur le caractère unidimensionnel basé essentiellement sur une approche monétaire (revenu ou dépense de consommation). C’est à la faveur des travaux de certains auteurs, tels que Townsend et Sen, que le caractère multidimensionnel est mis en lumière, au regard de la difficulté de quantification de certaines variables qui traduisaient l’idée de manque. l ressort des nombreuses études empiriques que le secteur rural reste le secteur le plus touché par le phénomène de pauvreté.Dans le cas de la Côte d’Ivoire, la pauvreté reste également un phénomène rural et la plupart des études réalisées se sont focalisées sur l’approche monétaire. Cette étude aborde l’analyse de la pauvreté en se focalisant sur le milieu rural agricole et appréhende le phénomène de la pauvreté à partir de trois (03) approches : (i) monétaire ; (ii) privation relative et (iii) patrimoine.Les résultats montrent que la pauvreté reste importante dans ce secteur avec un taux plus élevé pour l’indicateur de privation relative. En outre, il existe une inégalité monétaire plus importante que les autres types de pauvreté quel que soit l’année (2002 et 2008).L’identification des facteurs explicatifs de l’appartenance ou non à la classe des pauvres, montre que les variables liées au genre, au type de religion et à la classe d’âge sont les plus communes aux différentes années et aux différentes approches.Sur la base des résultats obtenus, les recommandations suivantes sont formulées : (i) à l’endroit du gouvernement ivoirien, utiliser les approches monétaires et non-monétaires dans les prochaines analyses sur la pauvreté en Côte d’Ivoire ; mettre l’accent sur la construction de nouvelles infrastructures et l’achat de nouveaux équipements ; améliorer la communication relatives aux actions du gouvernement ; renforcer les capacités des producteurs en matière d’utilisation d’intrants améliorés et d’outils pertinents ; (ii) à l’endroit des producteurs agricoles, adopter les technologies et techniques agricoles et des intrants de qualité, accepter d’adhérer à des entreprises coopératives ; (iii) à l’endroit des coopératives, il faut rechercher des débouchés pour ses membres, négocier de meilleures rémunérations des productions agricoles, transformer les agriculteurs en véritables entrepreneurs agricoles. / The notion of poverty has been the subject of much debate around the world. Previous analyses have emphasized the one-dimensional character based essentially on a monetary approach (income or consumption expenditure). Thanks to the work of some authors such as Townsend and Sen, the multidimensional character is highlighted, considering the difficulty of quantifying certain variables that translated the idea of lack. In addition, many empirical studies show that the rural sector remains the most affected by poverty.In the case of Côte d'Ivoire, poverty is also a rural phenomenon and most studies have focused on the monetary approach.This study addresses the analysis of poverty by focusing on rural farming and apprehends the phenomenon of poverty from three (03) approaches: (i) monetary; (ii) relative deprivation and (iii) wealth.The results show that poverty remains important in this sector with a high rate for the indicator of the relative deprivation. In addition, there is greater monetary inequality than other types of poverty whatever the year (2002 and 2008).The identification of the explanatory factors of the membership or not in the class of the poor shows that the variables related to the gender, to the type of religion and the age group are the most common in the various years and various approaches.Based on the obtained results , the following recommendations are formulated: (i) towards the Ivorian government, use monetary and non-monetary approaches in next analyses on poverty in Côte d’Ivoire; emphasize the construction of new infrastructures and the purchase of new equipment; improve communication about government actions; build the capacity of producers to use improved inputs and relevant tools; (ii) to agricultural producers, adopt agricultural technologies and techniques and quality inputs, accept to join cooperative enterprises; (iii) for cooperatives, it is necessary to look for outlets for its members, to negotiate better remunerations for agricultural productions, to transform farmers into real agricultural entrepreneurs.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-08-31T14:06:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LUISA TREVISAN RIBEIRO.pdf: 120094826 bytes, checksum: 5cc8b757bc2034cd2690f505b9075694 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-31T14:06:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUISA TREVISAN RIBEIRO.pdf: 120094826 bytes, checksum: 5cc8b757bc2034cd2690f505b9075694 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The research proposes to study the implantation of the Paulista Railway Company and the importance of the line in the formation and configuration of medium and small cities of S?o Paulo, specifically the cities of Vinhedo, Valinhos and Louveira, along the line between Campinas and Jundia?. From the analysis of the remaining railway assets along the line and its relation with the formed urban tissues, it is intended to reflect on the selection and preservation criteria of the cultural heritage. To understand the dynamics that operate in the studied territory, two groups of territorial analysis are developed that cover the three municipalities: the first group presents the urban physical expansions in spots, dated for periods of 20 in 20 years; The second presents the land uses of the Cia. Paulista railway. The analyzes are intended to interweave changes in the territory and the remaining rail heritage in this set of cities, where the railway and its stations formed the whole responsible for the first urbanization of these cities. As a result of this process is obtained the conformation of a characteristic landscape, conformed by the railway axis. For the recognition of these remnants, the analysis of new concepts of protection, such as the cultural landscape and the cultural itinerary, both published by UNESCO, made it possible to note how the preservation, conservation and promotion policies of cultural heritage in the municipal spheres are still fragile and Unprepared to face the preservation of more complex sets. / A pesquisa prop?e-se a estudar a implanta??o da antiga Cia. Paulista de Estradas de Ferro e a import?ncia da linha na forma??o e configura??o das cidades m?dias e pequenas paulistas, especificamente as cidades de Vinhedo, Valinhos e Louveira, do trecho da linha entre Campinas e Jundia?. A partir da an?lise dos patrim?nios ferrovi?rios remanescentes ao longo da linha e sua rela??o com dos tecidos urbanos formados, pretende-se refletir sobre crit?rios de sele??o e preserva??o dos bens. Para entender as din?micas e os fen?menos que atuam no territ?rio estudado, desenvolvem-se dois grupos de an?lise territorial que abrangem os tr?s munic?pios: o primeiro grupo apresenta as expans?es f?sicas urbanas em manchas, datadas por per?odos de 20 em 20 anos; o segundo apresenta os usos do solo do entorno da ferrovia da Cia. Paulista. As an?lises t?m o intuito de entrecruzar as mudan?as ocorridas no territ?rio e o legado ferrovi?rio remanescente neste conjunto de cidades, onde a ferrovia e suas esta??es formavam o conjunto respons?vel pela primeira urbaniza??o destes n?cleos. Como resultado desse processo obt?m-se a conforma??o de uma paisagem caracter?stica, conformada pelo eixo ferrovi?rio. Para a recogni??o destes remanescentes, a an?lise de novos conceitos de prote??o, como a paisagem cultural e o itiner?rio cultural, ambos chancelados pela UNESCO, possibilitou constatar o quanto as pol?ticas de preserva??o, conserva??o e promo??o do patrim?nio cultural nas esferas municipais ainda s?o fr?geis e despreparadas para enfrentar a preserva??o de conjuntos mais complexos.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:21:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Vitorino Assumpcao.pdf: 12864358 bytes, checksum: b6955965a7e6242dca4d499172dac114 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-19 / The first occupation in Vale do Para?ba is connected to the search of Indian labor and gold, which later consolidates itself by the Portuguese conquest. Using Indian paths, colonizers went into the vale interior and, creating and new paths net consolidated settlements. In the XVIII century, migration and urbanization were intensified in this area because of the gold cycle, at the same time when there was a concern from the Portuguese Crown regarding the territory s protection. The ecclesiastic orders, and especially the Jesuits, were conclusive in this conquest and domination process, as from the relation between Crown and Church we have had Brazil s land distribution structure, during the Colonial era. These institution s actions shaped the morphology of the first settlements but also elaborated the physiognomy of S?o Luis do Paraitinga and Bananal, analyzed and compared in this study, which approaches aspects of the development of their identities pointing political, economical, religious and habits issues. / A primeira ocupa??o do Vale do Para?ba est? vinculada ? busca da m?o-de-obra ind?gena e do ouro, que posteriormente se consolida por meio da conquista dos portugueses. Fazendo uso das trilhas ind?genas, os colonizadores adentraram os sert?es do vale e, criando uma rede de novos caminhos consolidaram os n?cleos de povoamento. No s?culo XVIII, o ciclo do ouro intensificou a migra??o e a urbaniza??o dessa ?rea, ao mesmo tempo em que houve uma preocupa??o da Coroa Portuguesa com a prote??o do territ?rio. As ordens eclesi?sticas, e principalmente os jesu?tas atuaram de forma decisiva nesse processo de conquista e dom?nio sendo que da rela??o entre Coroa e Igreja decorre a estrutura fundi?ria do Brasil no per?odo colonial. As a??es desses poderes condicionaram a morfologia dos primeiros povoamentos, mas tamb?m elaboraram a fisionomia das cidades S?o Luis do Paraitinga e Bananal, analisadas e comparadas nesse estudo que aborda aspectos da forma??o das suas identidades pontuando quest?es pol?ticas, econ?micas, religiosas e de costumes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:21:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carolina Sumaquero Gutmann.pdf: 13348276 bytes, checksum: 58d144cacb6b7cc361abecfade2ebf01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-25 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / The cities that comprise the Campinas Metropolitan Region have been suffering over the last decades from the process of regionalization and metropolization of activities, with impacts on its urban fabric structure and on the organization of its population. The urban segregation, the move towards the outskirts, the intense migratory flow and the physical conurbation among the towns, affect mainly the appropriation of their public spaces. Considering such transformations and the growing loss of the public way of living in the cities, as well as the urban and buildings patrimony, it is in the public spaces where the importance of the identity preservation and the social contacts are observed. The public spaces are also an essential element for the urban centers re-qualification, for they are being depleted from their civic and recreational functions, due to historical processes of real estate speculation and space segregation. Through research, surveys and comparative analyses of actual data about the Valinhos municipality s public spaces with patrimonial value, it is intended to investigate the main transformations and impacts that these spaces experienced with the continuous and disperse onward march of the urbanization process and the devaluation of the original urban fabric. / As cidades que comp?em a Regi?o Metropolitana de Campinas v?m sofrendo nas ?ltimas d?cadas com o processo de regionaliza??o e metropoliza??o das atividades, tendo conseq??ncias na estrutura??o de seu tecido urbano e na organiza??o de sua popula??o. A segrega??o urbana, a periferiza??o, o intenso fluxo migrat?rio e a conurba??o f?sica entre as cidades afetam principalmente a apropria??o de seus espa?os p?blicos. Tendo em conta tais transforma??es e a crescente perda nas cidades dos modos de vida p?blicos, assim como do patrim?nio urbano e edificado, v?-se nos espa?os p?blicos a import?ncia para manuten??o de uma identidade e de um conv?vio social, bem como elemento essencial na requalifica??o de centros urbanos, j? que vem se esvaziando de sua fun??o c?vica e recreativa devido a processos hist?ricos de especula??o imobili?ria e segrega??o espacial. Atrav?s de buscas, levantamentos e an?lises comparativas de dados concretos sobre os espa?os p?blicos de valor patrimonial do munic?pio de Valinhos, pretende-se investigar as principais transforma??es e impactos que estes espa?os sofreram com o avan?o do processo de urbaniza??o cont?nua e dispersa e a desvaloriza??o do tecido urbano original.

Procurou-se, com esse estudo, documentar a cultura material e práticas escolares produzidas no entorno da montagem das edições do Festival de Artes Literárias (FAL) de Palmeiras, BA, 2007-2013. Na pesquisa, foram produzidas 5 entrevistas com professores e 4 com alunos, a recolha e organização de materiais didáticos e artísticos confeccionados para o Festival. Objetivou-se a identificação de fontes para a história das práticas escolares e consequentemente a valorização do patrimônio histórico-educacional. Almejou-se também investigar a origem do Festival por meio do estudo da cultura escolar (como reinvenção constante) e o problema crônico da desvalorização da memória. Assim, neste estudo discute-se a relevância da criação de arquivos escolares e da preservação da memória de modalidades de cultura escolar, a partir de algumas questões que o mobilizaram: O que é o Festival, como se originou? Quais as fases pelas quais ele passou? O que pensam os atores envolvidos nele? Quais materiais escolares foram produzidos? Quais relações foram estabelecidas entre professores e alunos e entre a escola e comunidade? O referencial teórico fundamenta-se em estudos sobre memória, cultura escolar e patrimônio histórico-educativo. O estudo permitiu compreender que o FAL, além de ser um projeto de estimulo à leitura literária e às artes, assume outras funções, pois são momentos privilegiados para a produção de saberes e construção de identidades de professores e alunos. / It was with this study, documenting the material culture and school practices produced around fitting the editions of Literary Arts Festival (FAL), Palmeiras, BA, 2007-2013. In the survey, were produced 5 interviews with teachers and 4 with students, the collection and organization of educational and artistic materials prepared for the Festival. This study have the objectives the identification of sources for the history of school practices and consequently to value of educational heritage. It holp also it is investigating the origin of the Festival through the school culture (such as constant reinvention) and the chronic problem of the devaluation of the memory. Thus, in this study discusses the relevance of the creation of archives and the preservation of memory of school culture, from some issues that mobilized: what is the Festival, how did it originate? What are the stages through which he passed? What they think the actors involved in it? Which school materials were produced? What relationships were established between teachers and students and between the school and community? The theoretical framework is based on studies on memory, school culture and historical heritage-educational. The study allowed to understand that the FAL, apart from being a project to encourage literary reading and arts, it takes on other roles because they are privileged moments for the production of knowledge and construction of identities of teachers and students.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-06-23T12:29:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ivan Luiz Steffens_.pdf: 2099147 bytes, checksum: 1528164b7a4c5def5b75f204e444fd6b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-23T12:29:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ivan Luiz Steffens_.pdf: 2099147 bytes, checksum: 1528164b7a4c5def5b75f204e444fd6b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-06 / Nenhuma / A instituição formal do Estado Democrático de Direito pela Constituição de 1988 introduz uma mudança paradigmática com o compromisso de cunho social de construir uma sociedade livre, justa e solidária. No campo tributário, essa mudança sugere uma tributação voltada à consecução de tais fins, mediante o emprego da função redistributiva, com uma tributação progressiva. Todavia, apesar do novo quadro institucional, a tributação nacional mantém a regressiva, promovendo, assim, uma redistribuição de renda às avessas. O trabalho objetiva abordar a forma como a tributação vem sendo construída e exercida, bem como a sua conformidade com o paradigma do Estado Democrático de Direito. A análise perpassa os contornos conceituais do Estado Democrático de Direito, a influência advinda do Estado Social e do Constitucionalismo Contemporâneo ao pós-guerra e o emprego da função fiscal nesses modelos estatais. No segundo momento, estudam-se os princípios constitucionais em matéria tributária, a partir da Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito, classificados em dois grupos, tendo em vista a sua relação com a segurança jurídica e a solidariedade. Por fim, examina-se a composição da carga tributária e o seu debate nos meios de informação, congregado com a possibilidade de maior transparência na tributação. Também se analisa a possibilidade de redistribuição da carga tributária, mediante a aplicação dos princípios constitucionais nas tributações sobre a renda, o patrimônio e o consumo. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam a necessidade de modificação estrutural da tributação em busca de maior progressividade, diante da atual regressividade, o que pode ser alcançado mediante a utilização do arsenal principiológico já disponibilizado pela Constituição. / The formal establishment of the Law and Democratic State by the 1988 Constitution introduces a paradigm shift with the commitment of a social nature to build a free, just and solidary society. In the tax field, this change suggests a targeted taxation to achieve these ends by the use of the redistributive function, with progressive taxation. However, despite the new institutional framework, the national taxation keeps regressive, and has promoted a redistribution of income in reverse. The study aims to address how taxation is being constructed and exercised, as well as its compliance with the paradigm of democratic rule of law. The analysis runs through the conceptual outlines of Law Democratic State, arising influence of the welfare state and Constitutionalism Contemporary post-war and the use of tax function in these state models. In the second phase, the study runs for the constitutional principles on tax matters, from the Hermeneutics of the Law Review, classified into two groups with a view to its relationship with the legal security and solidarity. Finally, it examines the composition of the tax burden and its discussion in the media, gathered with the possibility of greater transparency in taxation. It also analyzes the possibility of redistribution of the tax burden by applying the constitutional principles on taxes on income, wealth and consumption. The survey results indicate the need for structural modification of taxation in search of greater progressivity, given the current regressivity, which can be achieved by using the principle arsenal already provided by the Constitution.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:31:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Isabel Rodrigues de Morais.pdf: 6167943 bytes, checksum: edbf4b483f85654ba6e2a4543c4fc514 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-11-12 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / In this research, I long to reflect about São Miguel Paulista district and its everyday happenings, especially those related to the presence of São Miguel Arcanjo chapel. This religious temple is considered one of the oldest of its type in the city of São Paulo, that preserves its original state. The São Miguel Paulista district, located in east side of town, was, in the early years of colony settlement, an indigenous site called Ururaí. The district occupation process is, therefore, linked to the foundation of São Paulo city, due to being a strategically well located place, favorable to Christian faith consolidation on Piratininga plateau, being for that, necessary the construction of a Chapel that would serve as an agglutination point for these Indians. The objective of this research is to analyze the social dynamism that were established and are still established around this cultural heritage and the actions that make possible its preservation, focusing especially the timing that comprehend the registration as listed building and the first restoration made by IPHAN (1939) and the registration as listed building made by Condephaat (1974), until the present days. Thus, public power actions were analyzed, mainly, those related to the registrations as listed building, restoration, and measures aimed to its protection and, yet, the participation of social individuals that interact with this heritage and that have experienced and still experience this moments and that have actions directed towards its preservation. On this way, I pursue to recognize the São Miguel Arcanjo Chapel as part of a social experience that involve interests and relations of power that give different meanings to this patrimony, analyzing the stress of those that perceive it as a heritage and fight for its preservation and, on the other hand, of those who see it as an old thing and, therefore, non-aligned with the progress . Served as source of research the documents produced by official government agencies and oral testimony of people having relations with the Chapel and São Miguel district, as well as the different outputs of these individuals, pursuing to understand the historical role of this cultural heritage / Nesta pesquisa, procuro refletir sobre o bairro de São Miguel Paulista e o seu cotidiano, especialmente ligado à presença da Capela de São Miguel Arcanjo. Este templo religioso é considerado um dos exemplares mais antigos da cidade de São Paulo, que conserva sua originalidade. O bairro de São Miguel Paulista, situado na zona leste da cidade, foi nos primeiros anos de sua colonização um aldeamento indígena chamado Ururaí. O processo de ocupação do bairro está, portanto, ligado à fundação da cidade de São Paulo, por ser um local estrategicamente situado, favorável à efetivação da fé cristã no Planalto Piratininga, tendo sido para isso, necessária a construção de uma Capela que serviria de ponto de aglutinação desses índios. O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar as dinâmicas sociais que se estabeleceram e se estabelecem em torno desse bem cultural e as ações que viabilizam sua preservação, enfocando especialmente os períodos que compreendem o tombamento e primeira restauração pelo IPHAN (1939) e tombamento pelo Condephaat (1974), até os dias atuais. Assim, foram analisadas as ações do poder público, principalmente as relativas aos tombamentos, restauração e medidas que visam sua proteção e, ainda, a participação ativa dos sujeitos sociais que se relacionam com esse bem e que vivenciaram e vivenciam esses momentos e que têm ações voltadas para sua preservação. Busco perceber a Capela de São Miguel Arcanjo como parte de uma experiência social que envolve interesses e relações de poder que dão significados diferentes a esse patrimônio, trabalhando as tensões daqueles que a significam como patrimônio do passado e lutam pela sua preservação e, por vezes, daqueles que a vêem como coisa velha e, portanto, não afinada com o progresso . Serviram como fonte de pesquisa os documentos produzidos pelos órgãos oficiais e os depoimentos orais de pessoas relacionadas à capela e ao bairro de São Miguel Paulista, bem como as diferentes produções desses sujeitos. Da interlocução destas ações e produções procuro entender o sentido histórico deste patrimônio cultural