While the de-politicization of public sector management was a core objective of past reform initiatives, more recent debates urge the state to act as a strong principal when it comes to public sector unity and policy coherence - and consequently make a case for reinvigorating links between the political and managerial sphere. Using data from Austrian public sector organizations, we test and confirm the causal relationship of political connectedness of board members and executive compensation. Differentiating between value-based and interest-based in-groups, we suggest that only value-based political connectedness has the potential to restore patronage as a control instrument and governance tool. Self-interested and reward-driven patronage, on the other hand, indicated by a strong association of political connectedness and executive pay, refers to the type of politicization that previous public sector reforms promised to abolish.

Cette thèse porte sur analyser la place de l'audit, plus particulièrement l'audit externe, dans l'évolution de gouvernance des organisations publiques à Djibouti qui a débuté depuis plus de quinze (15) ans. Il s'agit aussi d'apporter des éléments de réponse sur les formes d'audit qui sont associés à cette évolution de la gouvernance. Il s'agit ici d'une l'analyse des pratiques de contrôle externe relatives au secteur public djiboutien et plus particulièrement celles concernant les établissements publics, en s’appuyant sur un cadre théorique privilégiant les relations entre parties prenantes de la gouvernance de ces organisations.Pour ce faire, cette recherche se propose, après avoir proposer un cadre d'analyse de la gouvernance et des systèmes de contrôle externe dans lequel évoluent les établissements public djiboutien, de montrer la place essentiel de l’audit externe dans la gouvernance de ces établissements publics en tant que mécanisme de règlement des conflits d’intérêts entre les principaux acteurs de la vie publique. / This thesis analyzes the place of the audit, more particularly the external audit, in the evolution of governance of the public organizations in Djibouti which began for more than fifteen years. This study is also bringing answers on the forms of audit which are associated to this evolution of the governance.To do it, this search proposes, having proposed a frame of analysis of the governance and the systems of external control in which evolve the Djiboutian public institutions, to show the essential place of the external audit in the governance of these public institutions as mechanism of regulation of conflicts between the main actors of the public administration.

No abstract available. / Thesis (MPA)-University of Durban-Westville, 2003.

In the scholarly literature on smart city, normative and prescriptive approaches dominate. Most publications with analytic goals focus on transnational corporations, the related global imaginary of a smart city, and on associated new technologies. In comparison, actually existing smart cities have seldom been investigated. This is even more the case for public governance arrangements of smart city policies. Our study compares three EU cities in this regard, which are attempting to take a lead in smart city development. In addition, urban agriculture and citizens' participation are specifically investigated in their relation to smart city policy-making. Based on policy document and media discourse analysis, interviews, and participant observation, three governance arrangements of smart city policies are identified: hierarchical governance by the government in Barcelona between 2011 and 2015, closed co-governance by the city executive and non-governmental actors in Vienna and since 2015 in Barcelona, and open co-governance in Berlin. Citizens' participation is in the center in Barcelona since 2015, and is potentially important in Berlin. The Viennese smart city governance arrangement is characterized by non-hierarchical bargaining within the administration and signals innovative meta-governance, without citizens' participation. In all three cities, international dynamics play a crucial role for engaging with smart city, but it is enacted in particular ways according to place-specific history, social forces, and economic and political conditions. The meaning of smart city varies thus considerably: a comprehensive urban sustainability strategy focused upon climate policy goals in Vienna; a comprehensive internationalization strategy in Barcelona between 2011 and 2015; a limited technology- and business-oriented approach in Berlin; and a limited digital city frame geared to participatory democracy and technological sovereignty in Barcelona since 2015. Contrary to the literature, we highlight the agency of city executives, and the place-specific enactments that global smart city imaginaries undergo. Current smart city policies express more continuity than rupture with regard to urban development policies in our case study cities. / Series: SRE - Discussion Papers

A governança corporativa está associada com a tomada de decisões gerenciais internas, desempenho, controle, com direcionamento global para a organização, e, também, com a necessidade de prestação de contas para seus controladores. O Brasil avançou com o marco regulatório da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal em 2000, definindo para a gestão pública mais responsabilidades em relação ao desempenho econômico e quanto à transparência das suas ações. Todavia, o avanço ainda é insatisfatório, suscitando, então, a questão desta pesquisa: a implementação dos princípios de governança está associada com evidências e melhorias dos resultados fiscais no setor público? Assim, o trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de estudar a governança no setor público e, especificamente, identificar a existência de práticas de governança corporativa no setor público comparativamente aos resultados fiscais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória com estudo de 25 (vinte e cinco) municípios da Região Administrativa de Ribeirão Preto, por meio de um questionário para levantamento dos dados relativos às práticas de governança pública; do levantamento dos dados contábeis do período de 5 (cinco) anos; e posterior cruzamento entre os referidos dados coletados. A partir da confrontação das práticas de transparência e de controle utilizadas pelos municípios, observou-se que há sinais de efetividade na adoção dos princípios de governança na gestão pública municipal. A análise dos resultados financeiros demonstra coincidência no comportamento entre o nível de governança, quando aplicado, e a melhoria do desempenho fiscal dos municípios. De forma geral, no setor público municipal brasileiro, a literatura e a constatação empírica mostram que a aplicação das práticas de governança ainda é incipiente, observando-se uma heterogeneidade no quadro de governança entre os municípios brasileiros. / The corporate governance is associated with internal management decisions, performance, control, with overall direction for the organization, and also with the need for accountability to their controllers. Brazil has advanced with the regulatory framework of the Fiscal Responsibility Law in 2000, defining for the public management responsibilities in relation to economic performance and the transparency of their actions. However, progress is still unsatisfactory, raising, then the question of this research: the implementation of the principles of governance is associate with the improvement fiscal outcome in the municipal public sector? Thus, the work was to study the governance in the public sector, and specifically identify the existence of corporate governance practices in the public sector compared to fiscal results. This is an exploratory research study with 25 (twenty five) municipalities Administrative Region of Ribeirao Preto, through a questionnaire to collect data on the practices of public governance, the survey data from the accounting period 5 (five) years, and subsequent crossing of such data collected. From the comparison of the practices of transparency and control used by municipalities, it was observed that there are signs of effectiveness in the adoption of principles of municipal governance in public administration. The analysis of financial results show a coincidence in the behavior between the level of governance, when applied, and improved fiscal performance of municipalities. In general, the municipal public sector Brazilian literature and empirical observation show that the implementation of governance practices is still incipient, being observed heterogeneity in the framework of governance among municipalities.

A administração pública apresenta vários problemas, que vão desde a ausência de avaliações quanto aos aspectos de eficiência, eficácia e efetividade na utilização de recursos e das políticas públicas adotadas, até a prática perversa da corrupção em suas diversas formas. Grande parte destes problemas decorre da falta de mecanismos de controle e acompanhamento para saber se as ações promovidas pelos gestores públicos estão de acordo com os objetivos da sociedade. Os problemas que decorrem desta relação de conflito de interesses entre aqueles que delegam a administração de suas organizações e aqueles que recebem esta delegação e administram, são chamados de problemas da relação entre principal e agente. No setor público pode-se considerar que agente é o gestor público (recebe a delegação e administra) e principal é o cidadão ou a própria sociedade (que delega). Estes conceitos têm origem na teoria da agência. Esta teoria é um dos fundamentos da governança, seja no setor privado ou no setor público. E a governança adota princípios como a transparência e a accountability para propor práticas de controle e acompanhamento da administração, a fim de evitar os problemas da relação agente e principal. Deste modo, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo avaliar se os relatórios de gestão do Poder Executivo municipal são aderentes aos princípios e padrões de boas práticas de governança para o setor público acerca da transparência e da accountability na utilização dos recursos, bem como dos resultados gerados em decorrência das políticas públicas adotadas. Para tanto, a metodologia utilizada neste trabalho foi a seguinte: através da pesquisa bibliográfica, identificou-se na literatura quais os princípios e padrões de boas práticas de governança para a administração pública, e criou-se um quadro-síntese para servir de base para avaliação dos relatórios de gestão quanto aos aspectos de transparência e accountability; através da pesquisa documental foram selecionados os relatórios de gestão da Prefeitura da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro a serem analisados, que foi a cidade escolhida para realização da pesquisa pela proximidade com o autor e pela disponibilização de diversos documentos em seu sítio eletrônico; a seguir, pela análise de conteúdo, fez-se a avaliação dos documentos utilizando-se o quadrosíntese produzido. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que os relatórios de gestão analisados possuem pouca aderência aos princípios e padrões de boa governança, evidenciando-se uma aderência de apenas 37,71% em relação aos elementos estabelecidos no quadro-síntese. Assim, apontou claramente para o fato de que há pouca transparência nos relatórios de gestão, fato este que prejudica a accountability na administração pública. / The public administration has several problems, ranging from the lack of reviews on the aspects of efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness in use of resource and public policies adopted, to the evil practice of corruption in its different ways. Most of these problems derive from the lack of control mechanisms and monitoring to determine whether the actions taken by public managers are in line with the goals of society. The problems arising from that relationship conflict of interest between those who delegate the management of their businesses and those who receive this delegation and manage the business are called problems of the relationship between principal and agent. In the public sector can be considered that the agent is the public manager (receiving the delegation and administrate) and principal is the citizen or the society itself (delegating). These principles have their origin in the agency theory. This theory is a cornerstone of governance, whether in private or in public sector. And adopts governance principles such as transparency and accountability to propose control practices and monitor the administration in order to avoid the problems of agent and principal relationship. So, this research aims to evaluate whether the annual reports of the Local Administration are adherents to the principles and standards of good governance practices for public sector about transparency and accountability in resource utilization as well as the results generated from public policies adopted. For that, the methodology used in this study were as follows: through the literature search, was identified in the literature what were the principles and standards of good governance practices for public administration, and created a summary table to serve as a basis for evaluation of management reports, about the aspects of transparency and accountability; through documentary research were selected the annual reports of the Rio de Janeiro City to be analyzed, which was the city chosen for the research by its proximity with the author and by the availability of several documents in the web site; following, the content analysis was done to evaluate the documents using of the summary table prepared. The research results showed that the annual reports studied have little adherence to the principles and standards of good governance, demonstrating an adherence of only 37.71% compared to the elements set out in the summary table. Thus, there remained clear that there is little transparency in the management reports, a fact which affect the accountability in public administration.

nÃo hà / A GovernanÃa Aplicada ao Setor PÃblico surgiu da necessidade dos ÃrgÃos governamentais passarem de instituiÃÃes puramente burocrÃticas para institutos com gestÃo voltada aos resultados. Buscando esta transformaÃÃo, o setor pÃblico adotou os princÃpios de GovernanÃa Corporativa adaptando-os Ãs particularidades da GestÃo PÃblica. As universidades federais inseridas na esfera pÃblica possuem como finalidade, ligadas ao tripà ensino, pesquisa e extensÃo, formar cidadÃos conscientes e com alta qualificaÃÃo profissional. O objetivo desta pesquisa Ã, nesse contexto, investigar o nÃvel de aderÃncia das universidades federaisbrasileiras Ãs prÃticas de governanÃa pÃblica recomendadas pela IFAC para as dimensÃes âEstrutura e Processos Organizacionaisâ e âControleâ. Esta pesquisa pode ser definida como descritiva e exploratÃria, tendo como procedimentos metodolÃgicos a pesquisa bibliogrÃfica e documental. Para a coleta de dados, foi realizada anÃlise documental seguida de anÃlise de conteÃdo, utilizando-se como fonte documentos institucionais das 59 universidades federais brasileiras, universo da pesquisa de abordagem censitÃria. Para o alcance dos objetivos, foi elaborado roteiro de anÃlise com base nas recomendaÃÃes de boas prÃticas da IFAC para as dimensÃes ÂEstrutura e Processos Organizacionaisâ e âControleâ, sendo adaptadas Ãs universidades federais. Foram analisados estatuto, regimento geral, relatÃrio de gestÃo e orÃamento de 48 universidades federais. Os resultados permitiram concluir que o nÃvel de aderÃncia das universidades federais brasileiras Ãs prÃticas de governanÃa recomendas pela IFAC à de cerca de 49% do total de 77 recomendaÃÃes analisadas. / The Governance Applied to the Public Sector started from the need of government agencies move from purely bureaucratic institutions to institutions with management focused on results. Searching this transformation the public sector has adopted the principles of Corporate Governance adapting the particularities of public management. The Federal Universities inserted in the public sphere, have as purpose, connected to the tripod teaching, research and extension, forming conscious and highly qualified professional people. The purpose of this research is to investigate the level of adherence from the Brazilian Federal Universities to the practices of Brazilian public governance recommended by IFAC for the Dimensions "Organizational Structure and Processes" and "Control". This research can be defined as descriptive and exploratory with a bibliographic and documentary research as methodological approach. To collect data, a documentary analysis was performed followed by content analysis using as source, institutional documents from 59 Brazilian federal universities which was the research universe of census approach. In order to achieve the main purpose, an analysis script was prepared based on the best practice recommendations from IFAC for Dimensions "Organizational Structure and Processes" and "Control", being adapted to the Federal Universities in Brazil. Laws, bylaws, management and budget report from the 48 Federal Universities were analyzed. The results allowed concluding that the level of adherence from Brazilian Federal Universities to the Brazilian governance practices ecommend by IFAC is about 49% of the total of 77 recommendations analyzed

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-22T12:20:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 floriscenamariamedeiros.pdf: 1527451 bytes, checksum: 69b63c26853310bbc0c7c1f16bad6f0d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T15:29:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 floriscenamariamedeiros.pdf: 1527451 bytes, checksum: 69b63c26853310bbc0c7c1f16bad6f0d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T15:29:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 floriscenamariamedeiros.pdf: 1527451 bytes, checksum: 69b63c26853310bbc0c7c1f16bad6f0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-19 / O presente trabalho tem como proposta desenvolver a reflexão teórica que possibilite compreender e explicar as transformações operadas na Administração Pública e na Previdência Social Brasileira, a partir dos anos 1990, e seus impactos no trabalho do servidor público integrante do quadro de profissionais do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social. Esse estudo está ancorado na tradição marxista, com ênfase na primazia do princípio da totalidade social. Referenciadas nesse quadro teórico são desenvolvidas as reflexões sobre Estado, Administração, Burocracia, enquanto expressões de dominação de classe sob o ordenamento do capital. O recurso à categoria gramsciana de revolução passiva representou instrumento analítico decisivo para a realização desse estudo. Fenômeno recorrente na formação e desenvolvimento do Estado brasileiro, sua utilização contribuiu para evidenciar que mediante a ofensiva neoliberal, diferentemente das revoluções “pelo alto”, empreendeu-se um movimento de contrarreforma, na medida em que a partir do Plano Diretor de Reforma do Aparelho do Estado e das Emendas Constitucionais que a ele se seguiram, instaurou-se no País o processo de regressão de direitos na contracorrente dos princípios democráticos consagrados pela Constituição Federal de 1988. As análises desenvolvidas reportam-se ainda ao acervo de documentos e legislação que regulamentaram a desconstrução das políticas sociais e promoveram a precarização do trabalho também no setor público. A pesquisa empírica realizada através de entrevistas com servidores do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social em Juiz de Fora colheu importantes subsídios para as tematizações sobre os mecanismos de captura da subjetividade do trabalhador em tempos de capitalismo manipulatório. A partir desse quadro analítico pode-se inferir que qualquer avanço que se pretenda para resgate da concepção de seguridade social e sua perspectiva de universalização e aprofundamento de direitos, bem como a subordinação da administração pública a essa perspectiva, pressupõe o desvelamento das formas fetichizadas que obscurecem a lógica da mercantilização da proteção social. Pressupõe ainda, a desmistificação da administração gerencial e seu propósito de flexibilização da burocracia, que na verdade abre flancos para a apropriação do público pelo privado a partir das privatizações, terceirizações e estabelecimento de parcerias. / This research aims to develop a theoretical proposal that allows to understand and explain the transformations in public administration and in Brazilian Social Welfare, from the late 1990s, and their impact on the work of the members of the National Institute of Social Security’s professional staff. This study is anchored in the Marxist tradition, with emphasis on the primacy of the principle of social totality. The development of reflections on State Administration, Bureaucracy, while expressions of class domination under spatial capital, is referenced in this theoretical framework. The use of the concept of Gramscian passive revolution, recurrent in the formation and development of the Brazilian state, represented an analytical tool able to show that by a neoliberal offensive, unlike revolutions "on the top", undertook a movement of reformation. The Master Plan for the Reform of the State Apparatus and the followers Constitutional Amendments provoked regression on the rights, established by the Constitution of 1988. The analyzes developed report still to the collection of documents and legislation that regulated the deconstruction of social policies and allowed the work in the public sector to be precarious. The empirical research, conducted through interviews with workers of the National Institute of Social Security in Juiz de Fora, reaped major benefits for thematizations on the mechanisms of capture of the workers’s subjectivity in times of manipulative capitalism. From this analytical framework can be inferred that any progress to rescue the concept of social security and its universal perspective, to improve rights, as well as the subordination of government to this perspective, involves the unveiling of the fetishized ways that obscure the logic of commodification of social protection. It also presupposes the demystification of management administration and its purpose of easing the bureaucracy, when in fact opens flanks to the appropriation of the public by the private, through the privatizations and partnerships. .

This thesis aims to understand the role of public governance (national laws and regulations) in addressing poor working conditions on South African fruit farms connected to global production networks (GPN), at the intersection of global private (codes of conduct) and local civil society organisation (CSO) initiatives. A particular objective of the investigation is to understand the extent to which public governance is able to address working conditions on South African fruit export farms, taking into account wider global commercial pressures inherent in fruit GPNs. Much analysis of global private and governance by local CSOs has not sufficiently addressed the role of public governance. Research focusing on public governance in addressing working conditions in South African fruit has not sufficiently accounted for the multi-scalar interactions between lead firm supermarkets, national suppliers and local fruit producers. These interactions are positioned to shape and influence regulatory outcomes for different groups of permanent and casual farmworkers. The thesis seeks to address the following central research question: ‘To what extent do multi-scalar tensions in global production networks (GPNs) challenge the public governance of working conditions, and what are the lessons from labour operating in South African fruit production?’This research draws upon the GPN analytical framework and public governance research, in order to conceptualise the multi-scalar commercial and governance processes that play out in the South African fruit export sector. In doing so, this research seeks to contribute to existing GPN and public governance literatures. Previous GPN research has not sufficiently investigated the role of public governance (laws and regulations) in addressing working conditions, partly due to an assumption that neoliberal policies have eroded the ability of developing states to regulate labour incorporated into global production. This problematic is beginning to be addressed, due to increasing academic acknowledgement of the central regulatory role nation states continue to play in addressing working conditions in global production, at the intersection of global private (codes of conduct) initiatives and governance by local CSOs (NGO and trade union activity). Additionally, this thesis seeks to bring together two separate strands of ‘governance’ research in global production networks, which have thus far been investigated separately; the governance of commercial interactions on the one hand, and the governance of labour on the other. A key theoretical argument is that understanding challenges facing the public governance of labour requires a broader conceptualisation of the governance of multi-scalar commercial interactions in global production, which shape and influence workforce composition at local farm level. This thesis argues that an inherent multi-scalar tension exists on the one hand between ‘global commercial pressures’ exerted by global lead firms over national suppliers and local producers driving workforce casualisation, and on the other hand a ‘global governance deficit’ at the core of which lies a public governance deficit facing increasing numbers of casual workers, characterised by minimum wages insufficient to meet living costs and a lack of trade union representation. This tension, it is argued, underpinned the crisis in South African fruit in 2012/13, when casual workers mobilised to demand an increase in the agricultural minimum wage, and threatened the fruit value chain by blocking the main arterial routes to Cape Town port. The policy implications of this thesis are that nation states are required to adopt multi-scalar interventions which transcend traditional forms of governance, in order to address the global commercial pressures inherent in GPNs and protect increasing numbers of casual workers in this context.

I juni 2016 fick Tillitsdelegationen i uppdrag av regeringen att undersöka en tillitsbaseradersättningsmodell för styrning av offentlig verksamhet i Sverige. Tillsättandet kom som enreaktion på den i nuläget dominerande styrningen som går under benämningen New publicmanagement, och som enligt kritiker inneburit flertalet oönskade effekter, där misstro motmedarbetares profession är en av dem. Denna uppsats jämför Tillitsdelegationens förslag tillstyrning med styrmodellerna Traditional public administration (PA), New public management(NPM) samt New public governance (NPG). Genom att systematisera och kategoriseraTillitsdelegationens huvudbetänkande syftar uppsatsen till att kunna belysa skillnader ochlikheter mellan modellerna samt att undersöka om delegationens förslag innebär en ny riktningför offentlig verksamhet. Resultatet visar att likheter går att finna med samtliga modeller menatt tillitsbaserad styrning innebär ett visst fokusskifte.