Thesis (M.S.)--Rutgers University, 2009. / "Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering." Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-42).

Thesis (M.S.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Computer Science and Engineering. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Mobile ad hoc networks create communication links without the aid of any infrastructure, forwarding packets among mobile nodes. The MANET research community has identified several fundamental challenges, among which the most prominent is discovering an optimal route between two nodes. Existing work has proposed a plethora of routing protocols. Since each protocol implements its own philosophy and algorithm to target a specific purpose, routing protocols in MANETs show very different characteristics. Selecting a particular protocol for an application or deployment environment involves evaluating many complex inter-dependent tradeoffs and can be an overwhelming task for an application designer. However, this decision can have a significant impact on the success of a system in terms of performance, cost, and responsiveness. Emerging distributed applications deployed in MANETs inherently experience highly dynamic situations, which necessitate real-time routing protocol selection in response to varying scenarios. Most of the relevant research in this area relies on simulation studies or empirical analysis to select a routing protocol, requiring an infeasible amount of time and resources for the approaches to be used in real-time decision making. In my dissertation work, I designed the Chameleon framework to facilitate real-time routing protocol decisions based on given application and environmental characteristics. My approach develops analytical models for important network layer performance measures capturing various inter-dependent factors that affect routing protocol behavior. I provide an analytical framework that expresses protocol performance metrics in terms of environment-, protocol-, and application-dependent parameters. This effort has resulted in detailed models for two important metrics: end-to-end delay and throughput. I specify detailed models for the parameters embedded in the models with respect to the ability of network deployers, protocol designers, and application developers to reasonably provide the information. Finally, in a systematic manner, I outline the Chameleon software framework to integrate the analytical models with parameters specified by these three groups of stakeholders. / text

Ο ανερχόμενος κλάδος των ασύρματων δικτύων αισθητήρων (Wireless Sensor Networks - WSNs) συνδυάζει δυνατότητα αίσθησης, υπολογισμού και επικοινωνίας σε μια μικρή συσκευή. Ενώ οι δυνατότητες ενός και μόνο κόμβου – αισθητήρα (mote) είναι ελάχιστες, η συνύπαρξη πολλών τέτοιων συσκευών δικτυακά συνδεδεμένων μπορεί να οδηγήσουν σε νέες τεχνολογικές δυνατότητες. Κύριος στόχος αυτών των μικρών συσκευών – κόμβων είναι η δειγματοληψία διάφορων φυσικών μεγεθών, η επεξεργασία αυτών των μεγεθών – μετρήσεων και τέλος, η επικοινωνία του κάθε κόμβου με άλλους με στόχο την μετάδοση αυτών των μετρήσεων – πληροφορίας ασφαλώς και αξιόπιστα. Τα κύρια χαρακτηριστικά αυτών των κόμβων όπως, μικρό μέγεθος, χαμηλό κόστος, αυτονομία και δυνατότητα επικοινωνίας είναι που τα κάνουν τόσο ευέλικτα προσδίδοντας έτσι τη δυνατότητα για ανάπτυξη και υλοποίηση χιλιάδων εφαρμογών. Τα ασύρματα δίκτυα αισθητήρων μπορούν να συμβάλουν σε κρίσιμες εφαρμογές που δεν περιορίζονται αποκλειστικά στον ερευνητικό και επιστημονικό χώρο αλλά επεκτείνονται και στον χώρο της υγείας και της ασφάλειας, όπως παρακολούθηση και επίβλεψη ασθενών, πρόβλεψη και αντιμετώπιση φυσικών καταστροφών, οικιακές εφαρμογές, και στοχεύουν στην βελτίωση της ποιότητας ζωής του ατόμου και της κοινωνίας ως σύνολο. Στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας έγινε προσπάθεια προσέγγισης μιας ανεξερεύνητης έως τώρα σε βάθος εφαρμογής Ασυρμάτων Δικτύων Αισθητήρων, των λεγόμενων «έξυπνων» πόλεων, ως προς τις επικοινωνιακές απαιτήσεις και τους περιορισμούς που θέτει και μια προσπάθεια καταγραφής και αξιολόγησης της απόδοσης και της συμπεριφοράς WSN τεχνολογιών υλικού και επικοινωνιακών τεχνικών σε σχέση με τις απαιτήσεις και τους περιορισμούς αυτούς. Παρουσιάζονται πειραματικά δεδομένα από μετρήσεις που διεξήχθησαν σε εξωτερικό περιβάλλον και εξάγονται χρήσιμα συμπεράσματα σχετικά με μελλοντικές κατευθύνσεις. / The increasingly interesting research field of Wireless Sensor Networks combines the possibility of sensing, computing and networking in a small device. While the capabilities of a single sensor node are limited, the combination of multiple such devices communicating over a network may lead to new technological possibilities and challenges. The main goal of these device nodes is the sampling of several physical values, their processing and the communication of the results to other nodes in a safe and reliable way. The main characteristics of wireless sensor nodes such as the small size, the low cost, autonomy and communication capacity render them flexible and suitable for the development of thousands of applications. Wireless sensor networks are most popular for critical applications that go beyond the research and scientific domain expanding to health, environment and security application classes, like surveillance, patient monitoring, natural disaster prediction and home applications, targeted to improve the quality of life of a single person and of society in general. In the context of this master thesis, the state of the art of a WSN application has been investigated, namely smart cities application field, with respect to the imposed networking requirements and communicational restrictions as well as the analysis and evaluation of the behavioral performance of WSN hardware and communication technologies as far as these requirements and limits are concerned. Finally, experimental results are presented based on measurements conducted outdoors and useful conclusions are extracted forming a future roadmap.

Reducing the energy consumption of available resources is still a problem to be solved in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Many types of existing routing protocols are developed to save power consumption. In these protocols, cluster-based routing protocols are found to be more energy efficient. A cluster head is selected to aggregate the data received from root nodes and forwards these data to the base station in cluster-based routing. The selection of cluster heads should be efficient to save energy. In our proposed protocol, we use static clustering for the efficient selection of cluster heads. The proposed routing protocol works efficiently in large as well as small areas. For an optimal number of cluster head selection we divide a large sensor field into rectangular clusters. Then these rectangular clusters are further grouped into zones for efficient communication between cluster heads and a base station. We perform MATLAB simulations to observe the network stability, throughput, energy consumption, network lifetime and the number of cluster heads. Our proposed routing protocol outperforms in large areas in comparison with the LEACH, MH-LEACH, and SEP routing protocols.

Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs), an emerging technology, would allow vehicles to form a self-organized network without the aid of a permanent infrastructure. As a prerequisite to communication in VANETs, an efficient route between communicating nodes in the network must be established, and the routing protocol must adapt to the rapidly changing topology of vehicles in motion. This is one of the goals of VANET routing protocols. In this thesis, we present an efficient routing protocol for VANETs, called the Reliable Inter-VEhicular Routing (RIVER) protocol. RIVER utilizes an undirected graph that represents the surrounding street layout where the vertices of the graph are points at which streets curve or intersect, and the graph edges represent the street segments between those vertices. Unlike existing protocols, RIVER performs real-time, active traffic monitoring and uses this data and other data gathered through passive mechanisms to assign a reliability rating to each street edge. The protocol then uses these reliability ratings to select the most reliable route. Control messages are used to identify a node’s neighbors, determine the reliability of street edges, and to share street edge reliability information with other nodes.

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Auburn University, 2007. / Abstract. Includes bibliographic references (p.127-137).

Thesis (M.S.)--Auburn University, 2008. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-44).

Thesis (M.S. in computer science)--Washington State University, May 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 21, 2009). "School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science." Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-117).

Thesis (M.S.)--Rutgers University, 2010. / "Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering." Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-49).