Corrigenda pasted onto front end-paper. / Bibliography: leaves 307-326. / xvii, 326 leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / A study was undertaken of erosion and sedimentation in a catchment in South Australia. An erosion and sedimentation model was developed and interfaced with the existing digital terrain models called TAPES-C and THALES, to estimate soil erosion and deposition in Sauerbier Creek catchment. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1999?

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on November 6, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Stanford University, 2000. / Submitted to the Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences. Copyright by the author.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2009. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.S.)--Auburn University, 2008. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-58).

Thesis Ph. D.)(Soil Sciece)--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Title from opening screen (viewed Oct. 09, 2004). Includes bibliographical references).

Submitted by PATRICIA BORGES SILVEIRA null (patygeo@gmail.com) on 2018-01-17T21:29:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Patrícia Borges Silveira.pdf: 8504300 bytes, checksum: ae5945e2902cf964c2c25b07b9fb5551 (MD5) / Rejected by Adriana Aparecida Puerta null (dripuerta@rc.unesp.br), reason: Prezada Patrícia Borges Silveira, Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: - Capa - Faltou a capa no documento enviado. Este item é elemento obrigatório de acordo com as normas de trabalhos do seu Programa de Pós Graduação e deve vir antes da Página de rosto. Exemplo - Disponível em: <http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152484> Agradecemos a compreensão e aguardamos o envio do novo arquivo. 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No. of bitstreams: 1 silveira_pb_dr_rcla.pdf: 8621364 bytes, checksum: bc33c2a273cb708d079244e7f6b4b46d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-01 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Dentre os recursos naturais que o homem necessita para sobreviver, o solo se insere na lista dos mais importantes, sendo um dos suportes da produção agrícola, a fim de abastecer as populações. Contudo, pesquisadores do mundo todo têm alertado que devido à pressão de uso e ocupação da terra, os solos tendem a se modificarem pela força da água e dos ventos o que ocasionará a formação de desertos. Assim, visando contribuir com estudos que buscam a preservação e conservação dos solos para fins agrícolas, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo colaborar com o aprimoramento de modelo preditivo de erosão (EUPS), visando uma melhor aproximação entre os dados de estimativa de perda de solo obtidos com o modelo e os dados registrados em campo. Para atingir os objetivos propostos e avaliar as hipóteses formuladas, a Equação Universal de Perdas de Solo, EUPS, foi aplicada na bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão Alam Grei, na escala de 1:10.000, utilizando três diferentes técnicas de obtenção dos valores referentes ao fator topográfico da EUPS. Tais resultados foram comparados com os dados obtidos em duas vertentes selecionadas dessa bacia na escala de detalhe de 1:1.000, a fim de verificar como a escala interfere nos resultados obtidos com o referido modelo. Os resultados mostraram que a escala de maior detalhe favorece a obtenção de dados de melhor qualidade, a fim de apresentar valores finais de EPS mais reais, já que permite a obtenção de dados menos generalizados. Além disso, os valores de estimativa de perda de solo adquiridos com o modelo EUPS foram comparados com duas parcelas de experimentação, pinos de erosão e calhas de Gerlach, indicando valores muito discrepantes dos dados reais de perda de solo. Dessa forma, entende-se que a variedade de dados encontrados na presente pesquisa demonstra a necessidade de se concentrar esforços na busca de obtenção de valores mais satisfatórios dos parâmetros que compõem a EUPS, a fim de que o modelo citado, amplamente usado no mundo todo, possa ser um instrumento que forneça subsídios a fim de planejar e viabilizar ações de uso e ocupação da terra e práticas conservacionistas que visem amenizar o desencadeamento dos processos erosivos em áreas agrícolas. / Among the natural resources that man needs to survive, the soil is included in the list of the most important, since without it the agricultural production, in order to supply the populations, becomes unfeasible. However, researchers around the world have warned that due to improper exploitation, the world's soils tend to change by force of water and wind, which will lead to the formation of uninhabitable deserts. Thus, in order to contribute to studies that seek the preservation and conservation of soils for agricultural purposes, this research aims to collaborate with the improvement of the predictive model of erosion (EUPS), aiming at a better approximation between the data of estimation of soil losses obtained with the model and the data registered in the field. In order to reach the proposed objectives and to evaluate the hypotheses formulated, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (EUPS) was applied in the Alam Grei river basin, in the scale of 1: 10,000, using three different techniques to obtain the values referring to the topographic factor of the EUPS. These results were compared with the data obtained in two selected slopes of this basin in the detail scale of 1: 1,000, in order to verify how the scale interferes in the results obtained with said model. The results showed that the scale of detail favors the obtaining of data of better quality, in order to present final values of more real EPS, since it allows obtaining data less generalized. In addition, the soil loss estimation values acquired with the EUPS model were compared with two experimental plots, erosion pins and Gerlach gutters, indicating very discrepant values of the actual soil loss data. In this way, it is understood that the variety of data found in the present study demonstrates the need to concentrate efforts in the search for obtaining more satisfactory values of the parameters that make up the EUPS, so that the model mentioned, widely used worldwide, can be an instrument that provides subsidies in order to plan and make feasible land use and occupation actions and conservation practices aimed at mitigating the triggering of erosion processes in agricultural areas. / CNPq: 141619/2014-7

Orientador: João Osvaldo Rodrigues Nunes / Banca: Antonio Manoel dos Santos Oliveira / Banca: Edson Luís Piroli / Resumo: A erosão de solos tornou-se um problema ambiental e social, sendo a erosão linear do tipo voçorocamento a mais impactante. Inúmeras cidades vivenciam as consequências causadas pelas voçorocas localizadas nas áreas de baixas vertentes e fundos de vale, e os custos ao poder público para a recuperação destas áreas degradadas é significativo. Diante deste cenário preocupante, este trabalho visou apresentar a dinâmica de um processo de voçorocamento localizado na periferia da cidade de Rancharia-SP, na escala espacial e temporal, tendo como objetivo principal apresentar propostas para o controle da erosão acelerada. Através do método das estacas foi possível apontar as áreas com maiores taxas erosivas laminares e lineares, em uma parcela da área degradada. No método de barramentos com o uso de bambus e pneus, implantados em canais de escoamento concentrado, foi possível constatar que a metodologia de baixo custo apresentou resultados positivos, com a queda das taxas de erosão e regeneração da vegetação rasteira. Além dos resultados experimentais de campo, o trabalho relacionou os elementos da paisagem com a dinâmica do processo erosivo e apresentou as políticas de controle de erosão urbana, procurando apontar as alternativas viáveis na recuperação de áreas degradadas. / Abstract: The soil erosion has become an environmental and social problem, and the linear erosion of the most striking type gully. Many cities experience the consequences caused by the gullies located in areas of lower slopes and valley bottoms, and the costs to the government to recover these degraded areas is significant. Faced with this troubling scenario, this work was to present the dynamics of a process of gullies located on the outskirts of Rancharia, Sao Paulo State, at spatial and temporal scale, having as main objective to present proposals to control accelerated erosion. Through the method of cutting was possible to identify the areas with increased rates of erosion laminar and linear in a portion of the degraded area. In the method of barriers with the use of bamboo and tires, set up in outlets concentrated, it was established that the low-cost method showed positive results, with falling rates of erosion and regeneration of undergrowth. In addition to the experimental results of field work related elements of the landscape with the dynamics of erosion and introduced policies of urban erosion control, trying to point out viable alternatives in the recovery of degraded areas. / Mestre

Orientador: Marcílio Vieira Martins Filho / Banca: Zigomar Meneses de Souza / Banca: José Luiz Rodrigues Torres / Banca: Afonso Lopes / Banca: Maria Ignez Espagnoli Geraldo Martins / Resumo: O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi demonstrar o valor econômico das perdas de nutrientes por erosão do solo, no cultivo da cana-de-açúcar. Especificamente, avaliar as perdas de nutrientes por erosão (P, K, Ca e Mg), o custo de reposição de nutrientes e de produção da cana, e os indicadores de análise de investimentos: valor presente líquido, taxa interna de retorno e a relação benefício / custo em dois sistemas de colheita (cana crua e queimada) em Catanduva - SP, em área de 100 ha para cada sistema, formadas e colhidas no mesmo período de (2002 a 2007), com similaridade quanto ao tipo de solo, variedade, topografia e número de cortes. A metodologia baseou-se na equação universal da perda de solos, teoria dos custos de produção e de reposição de nutrientes, e teoria dos indicadores das análises de investimentos. Estimou-se que a área com cana queimada perdeu mais nutrientes em todos os cortes, por isso o maior custo médio de reposição de nutrientes R$ 33,93 ha-1 ano-1, sendo de R$ 21,12 ha-1 ano-1 para a cana crua. O menor custo de produção foi da cana crua em todos os cortes, média de R$ 29,60 t-1, sendo de R$ 32,71 t-1 para a queimada. A cana crua apresentou um lucro médio de R$ 5,70 t-1 (R$ 562,87 ha-1 ano-1) e a queimada de R$ 2,59 t-1 (R$ 217,46 ha-1 ano-1). O retorno econômico da cana crua é superior ao da cana queimada, evidenciado ainda mais por meio dos resultados obtidos pelos dois sistemas de colheita, considerando-se índices de análises de investimentos (VPL, TIR, B/C). Conclui-se que a cana crua apresentou o melhor retorno técnico e econômico em virtude de proporcionar melhor conservação do solo e da água, a qual foi valorada pelo custo de reposição de nutrientes perdidos por erosão / Abstract: The general objective of this work was to demonstrate the economic value of nutrients loss by soil erosion in sugarcane cultivation. Specifically, It was to evaluate the nutrient loss through erosion (P, K, Ca and Mg), the cost of replacing the nutrients and the production of sugar cane, and also the indicators of investment analysis: liquid present value, the internal return tax, and the benefit cost relation in two harvesting systems (raw cane and burnt) in Catanduva, São Paulo state, Brazil. An area of 100 ha was studied for each system, formed and harvested in the same period (2002 and 2007), with similarities in the type of soil, variety, topography, and the number of cuts. The methodology was based on the universal equation of soil loss and the theory of production costs and the replacement of nutrients. It was estimated that an area of burnt sugar cane lost more nutrients in all of the cuts, thus it has the highest average cost of replacing the nutrients, BRR$33.93 ha-1 year-1, compared with BRR$21.12 ha-1 year-1 for raw cane. The lowest production cost was with raw cane in all of the cuts, with an average of BRR$29.60 t-1, compared to BRR$32.71 t-1 for burnt cane. Raw cane presents an average profit of BRR$5.70 t-1 (BRR$562.87 ha-1 year-1) and burnt BRR$2.59 t-1 (BRR$217.46 ha-1 year-1). The economic return on raw cane is higher than that of burnt cane, which is proven from the results obtained from the two systems of harvesting through the analysis of the investment indexes (LPV, IRT, B/C). We can conclude that raw cane presents the best technical and economic return in its ability to better conserve soil and water, which is valued in the cost of nutrient replacement and losses through erosion / Doutor

Prescribed fire has become a management tool utilized to restore or maintain the ecology of the mixed hardwoods ecosystem in the Ozark hills of southwestern Illinois. One effect of prescribed burning is consumption of fuel beds, including the litter layer that protects soil from erosion. Amount of sediment loss after prescribed burning in the steep topography of the Ozark hills is unknown. Erosion after prescribed burning could lead to increased soil loss and possibly stream sedimentation (Bladon etal., 2014). The objective of this research was to quantify the amount of sediment transport occurring on a watershed scale. Sediment yields were measured from five paired watersheds located in Trail of Tears State Forest in Union County, IL, USA from April 2009 into 2010. This location was selected because of the highly erodible loess soils and steeps slopes which present the highest probability of sediment transport following a prescribed burn treatment. One of the paired watersheds was randomly assigned as the control and the other assigned as the treatment. The treatment was a prescribed burn applied at standard burn prescription levels. Sediment loads were determined by collecting samples from a known volume of overland flow held in storage tanks below each watershed after rain events which produced runoff. The prescribed burn treatment significantly reduced the litter depth with 12.6%–31.5% litter remaining in the prescribed burn treatment watersheds. When data were combined across all watersheds, no significant differences were obtained between burn treatment and control watershed for total suspended solids and sediment concentrations or loads. The annual sediment losses varied between 1.41 to 90.54 kg·ha-1·year-1 in the four prescribed burn watersheds and 0.81 to 2.54 kg·ha-1·year-1 in the four control watersheds. Prescribed burn watershed 7 showed an average depth of soil loss of 4.2 mm, whereas control watershed 8 showed an average accumulation of sediments (9.9 mm), possibly due to steeper slopes. Prescribed burning did not cause a significant increase in soil erosion and sediment loss and can be considered acceptable in managing mixed hardwood forests of Ozark uplands and the Shawnee Hills physiographic regions of southern Illinois.