Free will is a paramount concept that is central to our everyday lives, society and moral judgements. In this thesis, I search for the conditions under which free will can exist. This is done in relation to two topics: determinism and agency. Finally, I also explore the relation between free will and several social and philosophical concepts, and discuss briefly what would be the case if there were no free will.

ABSTRACT CAMUS: A REBEL AT THE JUNCTION OF EXISTENTIALISM AND SKEPTICISM (Basar) Baskaya, Dilek Ph.D., Department of Philosophy Supervisor: Prof. Dr. S. Halil Turan May 2011, 190 pages The purpose of this thesis is to examine Albert Camus&rsquo / s stance in existentialism and scepticism, to discuss his philosophy by referring to his life, which, in many respects, forms a foundation for his philosophy and to exhibit that he maintains his contemporariness in the 21st century. As existentialism is treated differently by different philosophers, the main concern of the thesis is to discuss how Camus handles it. This is done by focusing on his approach to issues appearing commonly in existentialism, such as the absurd, suicide, God, rebellion, freedom, and alienation and by scrutinising the link between existentialism and skepticism. According to Camus, the absurd is the paradoxical condition caused by a contradiction or a confrontation of two unequal concepts or situations. The merit, for Camus, is to survive despite the disillusionment the absurd brings about. Consequently, he is against suicide because he regards it as surrender to the absurd. Camus claims that it is man himself who can make his own life meaningful. Thus, man may question the existence of God and revolt metaphysically against the absurdity and injustice in the world. The metaphysical rebel can then establish the unity and order that he believes is lacking in the world. Camus attaches great importance to rebellion because it brings man freedom. And freedom is indispensable because being deprived of freedom means submission to an authority and, therefore, loss of human dignity. Alienation is a major issue for Camus, too, as it is a result of man&rsquo / s &lsquo / thrownness&rsquo / on to the world and displays the human situation. The thesis analyses the above items in detail with reference to all Camus&rsquo / s major works.

The aim of this study is to analyze the concept on dikaiosune in Plato&#039 / s Republic with its main aspects. Republic as an overarching philosophical work will be reviewed as a whole and the overall scheme will be taken into account. There will be an emphasis on the ethical point of view rather than a political standpoint. The main interest of the thesis is what dikaiosune is and its relationship with goodness and eudaimonia which are terms sometimes used interchangeably. Still, the intervowen concepts of virtue, happiness, fulfillment, desire and unity will be taken into consideration as also for Plato these are perpetually connected. Various commentators of the Republic, their views and arguments will also be examined and analyzed within this study.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Eberhard-Karls-Universität zu Tübingen. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 162-167).

A philosophical and philological commentary on Cicero, first book of the Tusculan Disputations.

The purpose of this essay is to read Philebus based on three central themes – The Soul dialectic, the esoteric elements and some ethical problems, as well as to seek a comprehensive interpretation, rather than investigating, analyzing and interpreting individual concepts. Some questions that the essay aims to follow up are: 1) how can the dialogue on desire and rational knowledge highlighting Plato's ideas about the good life? 2) What are Plato’s real messages in the exposition of the good life? 3) Why are ethical questions related to esoteric elements of Plato's dialogues, and in general? The method is a reading between the lines; a hermeneutic interpretation process. Some patterns and contradictions were discovered during the reading, which shows an overall seemingly contradiction between ethics and metaphysics, but which with the the perspective of the dialectics be possible to reconcile. The final interpretation focuses on three concepts from Plato's own ranking of the good; beauty, proportion and truth. Together they constitute the good life in which pain plays an important role. Furthermore, it is possible to reach in Philebus about the good life, and the messages that one should always be true to oneself and to live modestly and always weigh reason to desire and choose wisdom. The ethical problems are both hidden in the shadows and elusive in Plato's dialogues, which can be a result of caution, but also a fear of losing oneself. Plato´s thinking is consistently dialectic, which is in this essay best illustrated by the allegory of the Cave.

The purpose of this study was to capture, describe and interpret an adult education experience that moves learners in an emotional, soulful and spiritual way. Profound and deep learning was revealed through comments such as: This has been one of the most profound experiences of my life; and, Those five days were pure magic. These comments are the result of experiences at Northern Exposure to Leadership (NEL), which is a continuing, adult learning experience for professional librarians. The Institute uses senior librarians to serve as mentors and facilitators, and is a five-day, residential Institute held every eighteen months at Emerald Lake Lodge, near Field, British Columbia, Canada. This research is explored within an adult education framework, which is steeped in a rich tradition of creating caring learning communities that honour the histories of learners, listen to their individual voices, and allow for alternative ways of learning and knowing. This analysis and interpretation is set within a broader social context of individual, global and cosmic alienation, and the demise and loss of soul evident in a manufactured, technical and commodified world. The research indicates that soul in education is nurtured through: relationships with mentors, peers and self; the creation of a professional, caring community; ceremony, symbol and the sacred; risk; struggle and disclosure; ethics; creativity and imagination; physical environment; residential factors of seclusion and shared accommodations; and the use of a variety of teaching methods with a concentration on experiential learning. The confluence of these factors affects careers and lives of learners on a long-term basis. Ultimately, it is asserted that attention to soul in education elicits an emotional, spiritual and physical response that is affirming for all involved. Soulful approaches breathe life into education and infuse learners with energy, vitality and enthusiasm, and, in the case of NEL, is creating a collegial community with librarianship.

Vykstant nuolatiniam programų sistemų atnaujinimui, nuolatos reikia prižiūrėti, kad jos būtų kokybiškai projektuojamos ir programuojamos. Tačiau neišvengiamai atsiranda nekokybiško išeities teksto, arba atsiranda projektavimo trūkumų. Todėl yra svarbu mokėti ieškoti tokias problemas, ir jas ištaisyti. Šio darbo tikslas yra sukurti automatinio – universalaus įrankio modelį, kuris savarankiškai aptiktų pertvarkas, bei būtų nepriklausomas nuo konkrečios programavimo kalbos. Šiam tikslui pasiekti yra nagrinėjami mokslininkų siūlomi automatiškai aptinkantys pertvarkas metodai. Taip pat yra nagrinėjamos tokio įrankio realizavimo galimybės, pateikti realizaciniai sprendimai ir pavyzdžiai. Taip pat tikslas yra sukurti praktiškai naudingas automatines pertvarkas, kurios būtų realizuotos pasiūlytu įrankiu, ir pademonstruotas jų veikimas. Šis įrankis naudoja loginį programavimą, kurio faktais yra aprašomos pertvarkomos programos, o taisyklėmis – pačios pertvarkų programos. Sėkmingai sukurti automatiniai pertvarkų radimo pavyzdžiai, leidžia daryti išvadą, kad šiame darbe rastas būdas automatiškai aptikti nekokybišką išeities tekstą, bei realizuoti tokias pertvarkas nepriklausomai nuo programavimo kalbos. / In the continual evolution of software systems, should be continuous to ensure that they are high quality designed and programmed. But inevitably the defective code, that call “bad small” or the design deficiencies. It is therefore important to be able to find such problems, and to correct them. The aim of this thesis is to create automatic - universal refactoring tool, which is detected in self-refactoring, and is independent of specific programming languages. To achieve this objective are scientists considered the proposed automatic detection of refactoring methods. It is also considered the possibility of the realization of such a tool, to provide examples and realizable solutions. It also aims to create a practical benefit of the automatic adjustments to the proposed tool is to be realized, and a demonstration of their operation. This tool uses a logic programming, which is a factual description of the conversion, and the rules - the refactoring of the program. The successful creation of automatic detection for refactoring, it can be concluded that this work is found way to automatically detect poor quality of source code, and the realization of the restructuring, regardless of programming language.

<p><font face="Times New Roman"> <p align="left">Within this thesis, the author recognizes that the technocratic thinking about AIDS Silin warned against has become the standard upon which much of AIDS education is based today. The author demonstrates the necessity of rethinking constructions that have reduced AIDS education and the complex pandemic to simple facts about the HI virus and its transmission. Technicist understandings of the pandemic, the author suggests, have resulted in technicist approaches to AIDS education.</p> </font></p>

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