Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2000. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 50 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-102).

Thesis (M.A.)--Carleton University, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 106-119). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1999. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 421-486).

This study examined the role of autonomy support (AS) in the relationship between stereotype threat (ST) and performance on a subset of the Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM) using a 2 x 2 factorial design. It was hypothesized that: 1. There would be significantly fewer correct answers in ST conditions compared to non-ST conditions, 2. There would be a significantly higher number of correct answers in AS conditions compared to non-AS conditions, 3.The relationship between ST conditions and performance would be moderated by AS conditions 206 African American college students from a mid-sized Midwestern university participated in the study. Performance, measured by the overall number of correct items answered from a set of 14 problems from the RSPM and also difficult and easy subsets of these problems, was the dependent variable and participants also completed a survey. Participants in ST conditions performed better than those in non-ST conditions. There was no difference in performance for participants in AS and non-AS conditions. High academic identified participants in AS conditions performed significantly better than similar participants in non-AS conditions on all items. Low academic identified participants in ST conditions performed better than those in non-ST conditions, only on easy items. These results provide information on the role of AS and item difficulty in stereotype threat situations.

abstract: The advertising industry plays a crucial role in how ideals and norms are established in United States society. Recent work is revealing the negative impact advertisements can have on self-esteem and self-image, especially for women. Unrealistic body-types, often created through photo editing, continue to contribute to eating and emotional disorders. Such fabricated ideals hinder the progress of social and economic justice for women. This exploratory study investigates whether images of women in traditionally male-dominated roles can weaken sexist attitudes and whether less sexism and highly sexist groups differ in image processing. Participants who scored high or low on the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory were exposed to a set of images of females in the female-dominated occupation of waitress and females in the male-dominated occupation of construction while measuring their neural activity using EEG. Participants complete the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory before and after the experiment. P3 oddball effects are measured for each participant with the hypothesis that the High Sexism group will view female construction workers with a higher oddball effect than the low sexism group. With 38 participants, there is a significant difference between the groups with individuals scoring low on the ASI showing a greater difference between the waitress and construction worker images compared to individuals scoring high on the ASI. Further, exposure to these images did not significantly reduce ASI scores in either group. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Justice Studies 2015

Masculinity and femininity are taken for granted as being a natural part of everyday existence forming acceptable images of what it means to be a man and a woman. It is revealed that in conforming to the sexual stereotype of what it means to be masculine and feminine, men's repression of their emotional life forms a counterpart of their oppression of women, for the repression of men's emotional life as a process, manifests itself through the oppression of women. The socioeconomic relations, being exploitative in nature, having been obscured and mystified by masculine and feminine forms of false consciousness, justify the prevalent social circumstances by portraying them as natural and inevitable, thus serving to hide the fact that men and women comprise of both, masculine and feminine characteristics. Disclosing the quality of the experience of men's repression of their emotional life as a counterpart of their oppression of women, through qualitative description and reflection, it is evident that individuality and human social relationships are restricted by the constraints of masculine and feminine stereotypes. It is clearly highlighted, that women help to perpetuate the repression of male emotional life and in turn their own oppression through supporting the successful work, status and power oriented 'macho' male. Through the recognition of the pressures, and a re-evaluation of the masculine role, men will no longer see cause to oppress women and through that there will no longer be a need to repress their own emotional life. There is a need for self-reflection in those individuals and groups restricted by the constraints of masculinity and femininity for the realization of new possibilities of enlightened social action and individuality.

Many studies have shown a gender difference in spatial navigation ability, including a related gender difference in global metacognitive self-assessment and spatial anxiety. However, it has yet to be determined whether trial-by-trial metacognitive accuracy differs between the genders and how this may be related to gender differences in navigation performance. The goal of this research was to determine, using the Nelson and Nerens (1990) metamemory framework, if there exist gender differences in trial-by-trial metacognitive monitoring on a first-person virtual maze navigation task, and how this may be related to gender differences in navigation performance. Considering that there is a relatively pervasive stereotype that women have poor navigation stills, an additional goal of this research was to determine if the effects of stereotype could, at least partially, explain the gender difference in navigation performance, confidence, and trial-by-trial metacognitive monitoring accuracy. Many studies have shown stereotype threat and lift to influence confidence and performance between the genders on a variety of spatial cognitive tasks, but mostly on mental rotation tasks. We investigated whether this effect applied to gender differences in a spatial navigation task. In order to accomplish this, we assessed trial-by-trial metacognitive accuracy during a first-person virtual maze navigation task under three stereotype facilitation conditions where participants were told that either: 1) men outperform women on this particular task, 2) women outperform men on this particular task, or 3) the genders perform equally. Over three experiments, the results showed that men generally have more accurate metacognitive monitoring than women, especially when assessing a previous performance. Contrary to our expectations, stereotype activation had no effect on trial-by-trial metacognition, though it did have an effect on navigation performance and confidence.

Orientador: Sirio Possenti / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T02:01:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Franchi_GiseleMaria_M.pdf: 1009820 bytes, checksum: 099ba5b499ad07c73e15f52edda701f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Com base na análise do discurso (MAINGUENEAU, 1984:2005a, 1998:2008, 2006a), nas principais teorias do humor (BERGSON, 1900:1993; FREUD, 1905:1996; RASKIN, 1985), na literatura sobre a mulher e em trabalhos na literatura sobre o feminismo (RAGO, 2003) e sobre a identidade do homem contemporâneo (NOLASCO, 1995), analisa-se a circulação, em um conjunto de piadas, de uma representação do feminino. O corpus da pesquisa constitui-se das chamadas "piadas de loira", bem como de piadas ditas "feministas". O objetivo é analisar a relação interdiscursiva que constitui e atravessa o posicionamento machista (que se descobriu nas piadas de loira) e o posicionamento feminista. As análises mostram que estereótipos presentes em ambos os conjuntos de piadas podem ser compreendidos como um processo em que o Outro é traduzido a partir do Mesmo, sob a forma de um simulacro. Além disso, evidenciam o fato de que as conquistas sociais e profissionais que as mulheres vêm obtendo principalmente nas últimas décadas refletem-se também no plano discursivo: não há mais um ponto de vista assimétrico, em que a mulher era representada apenas segundo a tradução feita pelo posicionamento machista. No espaço discursivo, posicionamento machista e posicionamento feminista interagem de maneira conflituosa, recusam-se mutuamente. E se constituem. / Abstract: Based on the discourse analysis (MAINGUENEAU, 1984:2005a, 1998:2008, 2006a), the main theories of humor (BERGSON, 1900:1993; FREUD, 1905:1996; RASKIN, 1985), the literature about women and feminism (RAGO, 2003) and about the identity of contemporary man (NOLASCO, 1995), the circulation of a feminine representation is analyzed in a set of jokes. The corpus of the research is constituted by "bimbo jokes" and by feminist jokes as well. The aim is to analyze the interdiscursive relation that constitutes and traverses the sexist position (discovered in the bimbo jokes) and the feminist position. The analyses show that the stereotypes existent in both groups of jokes can be understood as a process in which the "Other" is translated through the "Same", under the form of a simulacrum. Besides, they evidence the fact that the social and professional conquests obtained by women, especially in the last decades, are also reflected in the discursive plan: there is no more an asymmetrical point of view, in which the woman was represented only according to the translation made by the sexist position. In the discursive space, sexist and feminist positions interact in a conflicting way, refusing each other mutually. And they constitute themselves. / Mestrado / Linguistica / Mestre em Linguística

Doctor of Philosophy / Curriculum and Instruction Programs / Kay Ann Taylor / It has been 50 years since the notion of the model minority was first used to describe Asian Americans in the United States (Petersen, 1966). In the past decade, there has been substantial scholarly growth in the model minority research, and researchers have identified racism hidden behind the notion. However, previous research has mainly addressed the model minority stereotype in the regional context with similar research topics that produce similar findings, which requires a new research paradigm to be established. To meet this theoretical and contextual need, this study locates the model minority discourse in postcolonialism, especially in the context of Empire as global sovereign power with no concrete form, viewing the model minority stereotype as Empire’s controlling strategy that ethnicizes all Asians on the globe into its “global capitalist hierarchy” (Hardt & Negri, 2000). Empirically, this study examines how the model minority stereotype is shaped, developed, and ingrained in the transnational experience of Asian international graduate students who pursue careers in the United States after their degree completion as a bridge to their future. Findings from participants’ narratives show that they became aware of their Asianness through their transnational experience and gradually embraced the hardworking image of Asians through repeated environmental and interactional input of the image. Participants also expected higher economic and social status in their home countries as a result of their degrees and work experience obtained in the United States, with Orientalist values people in their home countries attach to their U.S.-earned credentials. Asian intellectuals educated in the West, represented by the United States, serve Empire’s capitalist maintenance and expansion as a transnational workforce while seeking their self-interest and transnational competitiveness. This raises an interdisciplinary and intersectional need to empower higher education to be critically aware of the current context of Empire and globalization.

Doctorat en sciences psychologiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished