This study examines collaborative work between colleagues in the newsroom of local radio stations. Through the framework of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis the overall aim is to explore how backstage work in the newsroom is initiated, established, and negotiated as a collective knowledge-based practice. Based on video ethnographic fieldwork in five local radio stations, the analyses demonstrate how the newsroom is constituted as a collegial knowledge-based practice through the ways in which colleagues contribute to the accomplishment of seemingly individual tasks in the production of news, and through encounters where journalists request assistance from colleagues to carry out work assignments that are typically technical/practical in their character. The analyses highlight the participants’ epistemic orientations as an interactional engine, but emphasize how this orientation is made relevant for professional actions. Examining in detail how members orient to epistemic asymmetries when requesting assistance in individual tasks, it is shown how accounts expressed in those situations are often double barreled in that they also explicate if the current situation is to be met with instructions or a division of labour. When examining the interactional sequences that ensue in response to requests for help, it is shown how those situations can be understood as communicative pedagogical projects, how the tutor in situ must decompose the overall task into relevant steps and formulate these composite actions so they can be recognized and performed by the colleague. It is also shown how embodied action or absence of expected embodied action is treated as expressions of knowledge, that is, epistemic stance. In these everyday pedagogical practices, the participants establish a local rationality and a situation where two professional colleagues interact. The study thus demonstrates how interaction with colleagues contributes to institutional tasks as well as to the development of different professional skills. In highlighting collaborative work between colleagues in newsrooms the study contributes to the field of epistemics in social interaction, collegial work, talk in institutions, and newsroom ethnographies.

The traditional news media is being reshaped by the phenomenon known as media convergence. This thesis, which is presented as a journalistic, multimedia website (see http://www.artsweb.aut.ac.nz/mediaconvergence), explores media convergence in New Zealand. Its primary objective is to gauge the impact of convergence on the extent to which journalism fulfils its public interest duties. To this end, the defining elements of convergence are examined, along with its driving factors and impact on day-to-day newsroom practices. The research project is based on in-depth interviews with news media experts and practitioners and the results of an industry survey. The research findings indicate that convergence poses significant risks to public interest journalism. At present, however, there is more evidence of benefits than detriments.

The traditional news media is being reshaped by the phenomenon known as media convergence. This thesis, which is presented as a journalistic, multimedia website (see http://www.artsweb.aut.ac.nz/mediaconvergence), explores media convergence in New Zealand. Its primary objective is to gauge the impact of convergence on the extent to which journalism fulfils its public interest duties. To this end, the defining elements of convergence are examined, along with its driving factors and impact on day-to-day newsroom practices. The research project is based on in-depth interviews with news media experts and practitioners and the results of an industry survey. The research findings indicate that convergence poses significant risks to public interest journalism. At present, however, there is more evidence of benefits than detriments.

The traditional news media is being reshaped by the phenomenon known as media convergence. This thesis, which is presented as a journalistic, multimedia website (see http://www.artsweb.aut.ac.nz/mediaconvergence), explores media convergence in New Zealand. Its primary objective is to gauge the impact of convergence on the extent to which journalism fulfils its public interest duties. To this end, the defining elements of convergence are examined, along with its driving factors and impact on day-to-day newsroom practices. The research project is based on in-depth interviews with news media experts and practitioners and the results of an industry survey. The research findings indicate that convergence poses significant risks to public interest journalism. At present, however, there is more evidence of benefits than detriments.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-10-21T12:55:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 2812899 bytes, checksum: d916c0d2ea3552875c8e78cd6efcd102 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-21T12:55:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 2812899 bytes, checksum: d916c0d2ea3552875c8e78cd6efcd102 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-27 / Journalism has always been subject to change due to technological innovations, and two great revolutions in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries are given as milestones in this process: the arrival of the rotary printing press and the mass media in 1850, and the computerization in the 1970s. In contemporary times, the computerization - as part of this second movement - provides new changes in media companies, not only in relation to the management aspect and business strategies, but also with the ways of dealing with the news stories and journalistic practices. The crisis in the media industry leads companies to turn to the reduction of production costs, the professional profile is changed establishing the model, often far from reality, of the "universal journalist", from which is required a diverse editorial capacity, adaptable to any area. We have reached a new field for empirical studies, with the companies sin earch of the journalistic convergence and integrated newsroom, in a reaction to this complex scenario. There are multiple platforms for content distribution, and communication professionals try to adapt to this format. This study examines how cultural aspects configure the adoption of productive routines in the newsroom of the NIE - "Núcleo Integrado Esportivo" (Integrated Sports Core) at Rede Paraíba de Comunicação, a company comprised of radio and television stations, newspaper and news sites, based in João Pessoa, Brazil. We have, as a general goal: mapping the marks of journalistic convergence in the NIE at Rede Paraíba, focusing mainly on the professional dimension. From that, we established the following specific objectives: to get to know the available infrastructure for the work of a multimedia professional; to analyze the perceptions of journalists about the process of journalistic convergence from their work routine; to show which changes occur in the journalistic culture with the implementation of an integrated newsroom and to make a profile of the journalists working in the NIE. Besides the bibliographical research, as methodological approach, we used a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, with questionnaires, participant observation and in-depth interview. Results indicate that the synergistic step in which the NIE is today is the convergence by three, according to the "media scale" as proposed by Salaverría and Negredo. We also identified the presence of the multitask journalist and some phases of the "dynamic model of convergence", notably cross-promotion, content cloning and multiplatform distribution. The creation of an integrated production core altered the productive routines of journalists, but it can be seen that the full establishment of the convergence culture is still a long way to go. / O jornalismo sempre esteve sujeito a transformações em função das inovações tecnológicas, e duas grandes revoluções ocorridas nos séculos XIX e XX são dadas como marcos nesse processo: a chegada da rotativa e da imprensa de massa, em 1850, e a informatização, em 1970. Na contemporaneidade, a digitalização – como parte ainda desse segundo movimento – propicia novas alterações nas empresas de comunicação, não somente em relação ao aspecto gerencial e de estratégias de negócios, mas também com referência às formas de lidar com a notícia e ainda às práticas jornalísticas. A crise na indústria de mídia leva as empresas a se voltarem para o barateamento da produção, muda-se o perfil profissional e institui-se o modelo, muitas vezes distante da realidade, do “jornalista universal”, no qual se exige uma capacidade redacional diversa, adaptável a qualquer editoria. Chegamos a um novo campo para estudos empíricos, com a busca das empresas pela convergência jornalística e de redação integrada, numa reação a esse cenário complexo. Há múltiplas plataformas para a distribuição de conteúdo, e os profissionais de comunicação tentam se adaptar a esse formato. O presente estudo analisa como os aspectos culturais configuram a adoção de rotinas produtivas na redação do Núcleo Integrado Esportivo (NIE) da Rede Paraíba de Comunicação, que congrega empresas de rádio, televisão, jornal impresso e portal de notícias, com sede em João Pessoa-PB. Como objetivo geral, temos: mapear as marcas da convergência jornalística no Núcleo Integrado Esportivo (NIE) da Rede Paraíba de Comunicação, com foco principalmente na dimensão profissional. A partir daí, estabelecemos os seguintes objetivos específicos: conhecer a infraestrutura disponível para o trabalho do profissional polivalente; analisar a percepção dos jornalistas sobre o processo de convergência jornalística a partir de sua rotina de trabalho; apontar quais mudanças ocorrem na cultura jornalística com a implementação de um processo de redação integrada e traçar um perfil dos jornalistas que atuam no Núcleo Integrado Esportivo. Além da pesquisa bibliográfica, como percurso metodológico foi adotada uma combinação de métodos quantitativos e qualitativos, com aplicação de questionário, observação participante e entrevista em profundidade. Os resultados indicam que a etapa de sinergia em que se encontra hoje o NIE é a de convergência a três, conforme a “escala midiática” proposta por Salaverría e Negredo. Também identificamos a presença do jornalista multitarefa e algumas fases do modelo “dinâmico da convergência”, notadamente promoção cruzada, clonagem de conteúdos e distribuição multiplataforma. A criação de um núcleo de produção integrada alterou as rotinas produtivas dos jornalistas, mas percebe-se que o estabelecimento pleno da cultura de convergência ainda é um caminho longo a ser percorrido.

Historically, sport has been a male phenomenon and this has also left an impression onsports coverage from the media. There has always been an imbalance in reportingbetween the sexes, but in recent years it has been possible to see an improvement froman equality perspective. The purpose of this essay is to find out how the local sportsnewsrooms work for equal sports coverage, and what obstacles and difficulties there areto get the reporting completely equal. To answer the study's questions, a structuredinterview is conducted with three sports managers and five sports journalists from fourdifferent local newsrooms in Sweden, to get their views on the job towards equal sportscoverage.The essay uses four different theories that are used as a basis and help when theinterview answers are analyzed in the results and the discussion. The theories used arethe agenda theory, framing theory, the gender theory and the gatekeeping theory. Theprevious research shows varying results on equal sports coverage. Several studies haveconcluded that there are more female sports journalists who are making an effort formore equal coverage, while other studies believe that interest in women's sports hasincreased after newspapers made a stronger investment in women's sports.The essay uses a qualitative interview study and a thematic analysis to be able tointerpret the experiences and perceptions of the interviewees. The method is best suitedwhen it comes to studying people's behavior and values in society, which fits well withthe essay's purpose.The results show that the local sports editors work daily for equal sports coverage, butthat it is not as simple as one might think. There are a number of factors that emerged inthe results that make it more difficult to achieve completely equal coverage. The numberof elite teams each catchment area has, the inroads of commercialization and theeconomy of the newspaper, as well as old norms and how it has looked throughouthistory are the factors that all interviewees highlight as playing a big role in why thereporting is still not equal between the sexes. This essay shows that the problem stillexists but that it has gotten better, and that hard work is being done to get as equal areporting as possible.

The objective of this master thesis The image of television journalist in American television series is to unveil personality traits of main characters in five selected American series during five decades (from the beginning of the 1970s to present) by means of combination of interpretative reading and semiotic (visual) analysis, and by that interpret representation of journalists. Subsequently the typologies of journalistic characters by Brian McNair and Joe Saltzman are used to categorize 27 central figures to types or stereorypes. Majority of characters combined more different types but it could be stated that all images of journalists were positive - possibly due to bigger popularity among viewers. Simultaneously it is neccesary to point out that characters across analysed series classified to same categories are not fully identical - characters show enough resemblance for type identification but similarities are outweighed by differences.

Hundreds of reporters gather and interpret news for four English-language newspapers in India's second-largest urban area Kolkata, West Bengal's state capital, which is home to over 4 million people. Journalists from The Statesman, The Telegraph-Kolkata, The Hindustan Times and The Times of India discuss how they collect their stories in Bengali, Hindi, Urdu, and many other languages and write them in English targeting a small but emerging middle-class audience. Whether these articles focus on people-centric urban planning, armed vigilantes in community disputes, dowry death cases, or celebrity culture, all of the reporting involves cultural and ethical challenges. Using semi-structured interviewing and qualitative theme analysis, this study explores how gender, class, and religion affect the decision-making practices of 21 journalists working in Kolkata.

There has been significant academic criticism of the international news coverage of Africa, but little or no first-hand research on the forces that create this news. This thesis draws on 51 semi-structured interviews and ethnographic work with practicing foreign correspondents in Sudan, Kenya and Uganda to explore the question: how can we explain and theorise the production of international news on East Africa? The thesis argues that Pierre Bourdieu’s Field Theory, and its analytical toolbox of ‘field’, ‘capital’ and ‘habitus’, can be meaningfully used to examine international journalistic practice. Field theory has been widely and productively used to understand domestic news production, but it has not yet been employed to empirically investigate journalistic production in the global sphere. The analysis is presented in three sections, each of which focuses on a different ‘layer’ of the international news system: the global field, where newswires compete for clients and capital; the national field ‘back home’ where traditional, nation based news outlets are based; and, finally, the local and immediate site where foreign correspondents work. Each of these layers is explored through an in depth case study of a major news producer/group of producers working in East Africa. The first and most substantial section examines the global journalistic field, and the position and practices of the Reuters newswire within this field. The second examines the foreign correspondents who report on Africa for print outlets in the UK. The final section presents two case studies of correspondents at work, negotiating a local news ecology: the election violence in Kenyan (2007-8), and the international coverage of the Darfur crisis. The discussion explores the fluidity between these three layers. Each analysis section stands alone as an investigations of major news producers in Africa today, and the forces that influence their work. Together, they build the argument that field theory is a useful approach to conceptualising the contemporary global news system, and examining journalistic practices within this. The main strengths of the theory lie in its notion of habitus; the extent to which it can incorporate and explain change; and its ability to link macro level phenomenon with micro level practice. The theory is ideally suited to capture and study the way in which foreign correspondents negotiate a complex and fluid global news system.

This diploma thesis summarises the development of paid content of ihned.cz, on-line news server of the Czech economic daily Hospodářské noviny. It observes the influence of paywall from August 2014 until April 2015. The aim of the implementation of paywall was to show that the content created on the server was valuable. The theoretical part deals with new challenges media face, including economic and technological changes; it describes the rise of commercialization and media reaction, and solution for these changes in the form of convergence and digital-first concept. The diploma thesis is viewed through the political economy of media approach. It focuses on monetization of content, the willingness of readers to pay for on-line news, traditional and alternative revenues of media, and it describes the examples of implemented paywall in other media. In the practical part, the thesis describes how paywall influenced economic revenues, specifically the digital subscription, advertising and financial results of the publisher Economia, which is providing the server ihned.cz. In this part, the thesis describes the influence of paywall on visits, page views, real and unique users, readership, and work of journalists. The practical part of the thesis includes statistical data and reports as well as...