Submitted by Kamila Costa (kamilavasconceloscosta@gmail.com) on 2015-06-24T20:51:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-Cristiano P e Silva.pdf: 2768387 bytes, checksum: 2918349c69f33356b77eef93c4a83a6b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-07-08T18:16:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-Cristiano P e Silva.pdf: 2768387 bytes, checksum: 2918349c69f33356b77eef93c4a83a6b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-07-08T18:19:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-Cristiano P e Silva.pdf: 2768387 bytes, checksum: 2918349c69f33356b77eef93c4a83a6b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-08T18:19:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-Cristiano P e Silva.pdf: 2768387 bytes, checksum: 2918349c69f33356b77eef93c4a83a6b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-06 / Não Informada / After completing the tooth bleaching, reaction products remain in the tooth structure not allowing the correct polymerization of adesives restorations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidants effects of sodium ascorbate hydrogel on the residual oxygen in the bovine enamel structure bleached with hydrogen peroxide and after restorated with composite resin. One hundred and twenty bovines teeth were divided into twelve groups (n: 10), the groups G1;G2;G3;G4;G5;G6 were subjected to a test of shear strength after one week, the groups G7;G8;G9;G10;G11;G12 were tested after six months (aged), being G1; G7 - restored without bleaching ; G2; G8 - bleached and restored after fourteen days; G3; G9 - bleached and restored at the same day; G4; G10 - bleached, treated with sodium ascorbate hydrogel of 10% and restored; G5; G11 - bleached, treated with sodium ascorbate hydrogel of 20% and restored and G6; G12 - bleached, treated with sodium ascorbate hydrogel of 40% and restored. The results of the shear test were subjected to two ANOVA’s criteria and Tukey's analysis to compare the scores (p≤ 0,05). The groups G1: 152,6N +- 21,2; G2: 183,2N +- 31,4; G5: 171,53N +- 20,6; G6: 179,9N +- 33,1 showed similar resistance to shear and the groups G3: 99,3N +- 33,9; G4: 101,3N +- 29,3 were statistically significant lower resistance. The second group had lower shear resistance, however maintained the same pattern of statistical difference between the groups. The aged groups G7: 98,1 +- 22,6; G8: 111,9 +- 34,0; G11: 91,9 +- 24,0; G12: 90,0 +- 13,1 showed lower shear resistance when compared to the non-aged. However, when compared between the aged, as well as between no-aged, the groups G9: 59,3 +- 19,9; G10: 59,7 +- 10,9 also showed lower resistance when compared to the others groups. We can conclude that the tooth bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide promoted reduction of the bond strength. In addition, treatment of the bleached enamel with 20% and 40% sodium ascorbate hydrogel allowed to reach values of bond strength similar of the enamel not bleached. / Após finalizar o tratamento de clareamento dentário os subprodutos da reação permanecem na estrutura dentária impedindo a correta polimerização das restaurações adesivas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os efeitos antioxidantes do hidrogel de ascorbato de sódio sobre o oxigênio residual na estrutura de esmalte bovino clareado com peróxido de hidrogênio e posteriormente restaurado com resina composta. Cento e vinte dentes bovinos foram divididos em 12 grupos (n=10), os grupos G1;G2;G3;G4;G5;G6 foram submetidos ao teste de cisalhamento após uma semana, os grupos G7;G8;G9;G10;G11;G12 foram testados após seis meses (envelhecimento), sendo G1;G7 - restaurado sem clareamento; G2;G8 - clareado e restaurado após 14 dias; G3;G9 - clareado e restaurado no mesmo dia; G4;G10 - clareado, tratado com hidrogel de ascorbato de sódio 10% e restaurado; G5;G11 - clareado, tratado com hidrogel de ascorbato de sódio a 20% e restaurado e G6;G12 - clareado, tratado com hidrogel de ascorbato de sódio a 40% e restaurado. Os resultados do teste de cisalhamento foram submetidos a ANOVA a 2 critérios e teste de Tukey para comparação das medias (p≤ 0,05). Os grupos G1: 152,6N +-­‐ 21,2; G2: 183,2N +-­‐ 31,4; G5: 171,53N +-­‐ 20,6; G6: 179,9N +-­‐ 33,1 apresentaram resistência ao cisalhamento semelhante e os grupos G3: 99,3N +-­‐ 33,9; G4: 101,3N +-­‐ 29,3 apresentaram resistência inferior estatisticamente significativa. O segundo grupo apresentou menor resistência ao cisalhamento porém, mantive o mesmo padrão de diferença estatística entre os grupos. Os grupos envelhecidos G7: 98,1N +- 22,6; G8: 111,9N +- 34,0; G11: 91,9N +- 24,0; G12: 90,0N +- 13,1 apresentaram menor resistência ao cisalhamento quando comparados aos não envelhecidos. No entanto, quando comparado entre os envelhecidos, assim como nos não envelhecidos, os grupos G9: 59,3N +- 19,9; G10: 59,7N +- 10,9 também apresentaram resistência inferior comparado aos demais grupos. Podemos concluir que o clareamento dental com o peróxido de hidrogênio a 35% promoveu redução da resistência adesiva. Além disso, o tratamento do esmalte clareado com hidrogel de ascorbato de sódio a 20% e a 40% permitiu alcançar valores de resistência de união similar ao esmalte não clareado.

Objectives: To measure the level of hydrogen peroxide penetration into the pulp chamber and to evaluate its whitening efficacy when the tooth is treated with an innovative double layer of potassium nitrate desensitizing agent and hydrogen peroxide whitening gel. Methods: Extracted human molar teeth (n=160) were collected. Roots were trimmed 3 mm apical to the cemento-enamel junction, the pulp was removed and a cavity prepared, leaving a standardized wall of 2 mm thickness, which retained 100 µL of acetate buffer solution. A standardized whitening area of 6 mm in diameter was established buccally by painting the rest of the tooth with gray nail varnish. The teeth were randomly assigned into four groups. Group 1: no treatment (glycerin gel, negative control); Group 2: double layer of 20 L 5% potassium nitrate (Relief ACP, Philips Oral Healthcare) and 100 L 25% hydrogen peroxide (Zoom Chairside Whitening Gel, Philips Oral Healthcare); Group 3: double layer of 40 L 5% potassium nitrate and 100 L 25% hydrogen peroxide; and Group 4: 100 L 25% hydrogen peroxide (positive control). All groups received three 45-minute sessions of in-office whitening with light activation at 3-day intervals. Hydrogen peroxide penetration was assessed spectrophotometrically using leucocrystal violet and horseradish peroxidase. Color measurements were assessed with VITA Easyshade at baseline, 1-day, and 1-month post-whitening. Tooth color change was measured per Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage methodology. One-way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparisons adjustment was performed to compare group differences in overall tooth color change (Delta E*) and hydrogen peroxide penetration (type I error = 0.05). Results: Hydrogen peroxide penetration levels were not significantly different between Group 2 and Group 4; however, the levels were significantly higher than Group 1 and Group 3 (p< 0.0001). Groups 2, 3 and 4 showed no differences for overall tooth color change but differed significantly from the negative control group (Group 1) at 1-day and 1-month post-whitening. Conclusions: Hydrogen peroxide penetration was affected when pretreated by potassium nitrate desensitizer; however, the double layer technique did not adversely affect the whitening efficacy.

Objectives: Evaluate and assess the effect of an innovative double layer, single application desensitizing/whitening technique on Nitrate penetration and total color change. Methods: Specimens were prepared from extracted caries free human molars (n=160). Teeth were randomly assigned into four groups: 100μl 25% hydrogen peroxide “Philips Zoom chairside” as control group (CTRL), double layer treatment of 20μl 5% potassium nitrate “Relief ACP, Philips oral care” and 100μl 25% hydrogen peroxide (DL20), double layer treatment of 40μl 5% potassium nitrate and 100μl 25% hydrogen peroxide (DL40), and one layer treatment of 40 μl 5% potassium nitrate (PN40). Spectrophotometric color measurements (Vita EasyShade) were done at base line (T0), one day (T1), and one month (T2) following the treatment. Nitrate penetration was measured using a nitrate/nitrite assay kit. Group comparisons of tooth color difference measurements, and nitrate penetration readings were made using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Adjustment was made for pairwise treatment comparisons using the Tukey method in conjunction with an overall 0.05 level of significance. Results: 160 teeth were used. Color difference (ΔE) results at (T1) and (T2) showed no significant difference among the CTRL, DL20, DL40 groups. But there was a statistical significant difference between those groups and the single layer (PN40) group (p

A new scratch test methodology is proposed. The new test methodology is developed based on the principles of materials science and solid mechanics, which include the consideration of material parameters, use of microscopy for image analysis and the finite element method (FEM). The consistency and reproducibility of test results are shown using a new scratch test device on two sets of neat and talcfilled polypropylene (PP) systems. Three different test conditions, i.e., linear load increase under constant rate, constant load under constant rate, and linear rate increase under constant load, have been conducted to determine the most effective, informative test conditions for evaluation of scratch resistance of polymers. Experimental observations and FEM results show a good qualitative correlation. The unique advantages of the new scratch test method for evaluating scratch resistance of polymers are discussed. A systematic study of surface damage effected by a progressive scratching load is performed on model polypropylene (PP) systems. Mar-scratch and stress -whitening transitions can be readily observed, and the corresponding critical loads determined. Distinctive scratch hardnesses and surface damage features are found for different material systems. Visibility of scratched surface is quantified using gray level analysis via a flatbed scanner and a commercial image analysis tool. It is found that the onset of scratch visibility can be determined accurately and reproducibly using the custom -built scratcher under progressive loading condition. Talc particles are found to be responsible for the increased light scattering, leading to greatly increased visibility. The observed scratch visibility is also found to be related to the measured frictional force profiles. Approaches for producing scratch resistant PP are discussed.

A dual wavelength method was developed for the field detection of optical brighteners (OBs), fluorescent laundry additives used as indicators of anthropogenic wastes. The method was quantitative for OBs under variable levels of fluorescent colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM). Based on excitation at 300-400 nm and 440 and 550 nm emission, the method assumed a constant ratio of fluorescence due to CDOM alone, even if absolute amplitude varied. Concentrations of OBs were computed as the difference between the observed 440 nm emission and the expected CDOM fluorescence at 440 nm, as extrapolated from the 550 nm fluorescence and established CDOM fluorescence ratio. Real-time inner filter corrections were based on absorption modeled from 550 nm fluorescence and from exponential relationships at alternate wavelengths. The effects of temperature and dissolved oxygen on CDOM fluorescence and computed OB were quantified but were minimal because effects were comparable between the two fluorescence regions. Assumptions on the locally conservative behavior of CDOM were supported in field surveys of sewered and non-sewered areas. Varying water masses were detected, but OB quantities were detected that did not co-vary with fluorescence alone. Eleven geographic regions of peninsular Florida and sources of OBs were sampled to evaluate the method under a broader range of CDOM and to conduct an extensive detergent spike analysis. Fluorescence data were collected as EEMs and subjected to PARAFAC modeling, isolating eight spectral factors that could sufficiently describe all samples. There were no visible regions of the spectra that were unique to detergents or OBs, but a previously unreported peak in the UV (<230 / 284 ex / em) was tentatively identified as a detergent surfactant and should be pursued as a potential complementary indicator of anthropogenic wastes. Limits on EEM fluorescence measurements were identified: maximum linear range, maximum turbidity, and sensitivity to assumptions. A sub-sampling technique of EEM data approximated the filter fluorometer readings, was used to optimize the dual wavelength method, validated the method with spike recoveries, and presented alternative approaches.

Chlorhexidine mouth rinses remove dental plaque from teeth, preventing dental caries, dental decay, and more serious systemic infections. Tooth discoloration due to extrinsic staining is the most prominent side effect of regular chlorhexidine use. Decreasing the concentration of chlorhexidine reduces staining area and severity. Staining can also be prevented and treated by tooth bleaching, a common cosmetic dental procedure that diminishes extrinsic staining by oxidizing chromagens adsorbed onto the tooth surface. In the proposed trial, common bleaching agents will be investigated for their efficacies in preventing chlorhexidine staining. Results of the trial could further the development of a chlorhexidine mouth rinse that is suitable for long term use.

Submitted by Programa Pos-Graduação Estudos Etnicos Africanos (posafro@ufba.br) on 2013-12-16T12:57:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_NRPinto.pdf: 934882 bytes, checksum: d891f58c126408a5ba8f4c4579c75654 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela (anapoli@ufba.br) on 2014-02-03T15:35:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_NRPinto.pdf: 934882 bytes, checksum: d891f58c126408a5ba8f4c4579c75654 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-02-03T15:35:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_NRPinto.pdf: 934882 bytes, checksum: d891f58c126408a5ba8f4c4579c75654 (MD5) / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo entender a relação entre ascensão social de negros e a solidariedade na cidade de Salvador-Bahia. Tendo em vista que a maioria dos estudos sobre raça e classe no Brasil evidenciou a adesão dos negros que ascendem à ideologia do branqueamento, dialogamos com esta literatura no sentido de entender a recorrência de mudanças no comportamento destes indivíduos. Partimos da hipótese de que estes sujeitos têm se engajado socialmente criando redes de relações junto à população negra menos favorecida, no sentido de auxiliarem membros desta população a superarem a vulnerabilidade social e racial.

O objetivo deste estudo in vivo foi comparar a efetividade da técnica de clareamento em consultório, com fonte de luz híbrida (LED e Laser terapêutico), com e sem condicionamento ácido prévio do esmalte, em função do grau de mudança e estabilidade de cor e sensibilidade. Após serem informados dos objetivos do estudo, trinta e quatro voluntários foram selecionados de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Inicialmente, os voluntários receberam uma profilaxia supra gengival completa, em seguida, foi feita avaliação da cor com o espectrofotômetro Vita EasyShade (Vita). Os pacientes foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos de 17, de acordo com o uso ou não de fonte de luz, e sempre no hemi-arco superior e inferior direito foi realizado o condicionamento do esmalte com ácido fosfórico a 37% durante 15s, previamente a aplicação do gel clareador. Nos grupos ativados os dois arcos dentários receberam tratamento com o gel clareador a base de PH a 35% (Lase Peroxide DMC Equipamentos) e após 1 min., a luz híbrida à base de LED/Laser (Whitening Lase II DMC Equipamentos) foi aplicada durante 3 min. simultaneamente em todos os dentes anteriores. Novamente foi feita uma espera de 1 min., com objetivo de resfriar o gel e então, nova ativação com a luz por mais 3 min. Nos grupos não ativados, o gel foi aplicado por 3 x de 15 min. Os pacientes retornaram após 24 h., 1 semana, 1 mês, 6 e 12 meses para novas avaliações da cor. A sensibilidade dentária foi avaliada por meio do questionário VAS antes, imediatamente após o clareamento, após 24 h. e uma semana. Os resultados foram tabulados e receberam tratamento estatístico pela análise de variância a quatro e três critérios (ANOVA), teste de Tukey (0,05%), Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon. Nenhuma diferença significante de alteração de cor, estabilidade do clareamento (12 meses) e sensibilidade foi encontrada entre os grupos. No grupo I, o uso da luz e do condicionamento ácido gerou a necessidade de um tempo menor (31,5), de aplicação do gel, que no hemiarco não condicionado (grupo II) que foi de (34,3), esses tempos foram estatisticamente significante, quando comparado ao hemi-arco não condicionado (grupo II) e aos grupos III e IV (45), demonstrando a vantagem de associação desses dois recursos no clareamento em consultório. / The aim of this study was to compare the in vivo effectiveness of in-office bleaching technique with hybrid light source (LED and laser therapy), with and without prior acid etching of enamel, depending on the degree of change and stability of color and sensitivity . Upon being informed of the aims of the study was thirty-four volunteers were selected according to the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. Initially, the volunteers received a complete prophylaxis gum above, then evaluation was made of the color with the spectrophotometer Easyshade Vita (Vita). Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 17, according to the use or absence of light source, and always in the hemi-arch top and bottom right was performed enamel etching with phosphoric acid at 37% for 15s, prior to application of whitening gel. In both groups activated dental arches were treated with the whitening gel base to 35% PH (Lase Peroxide - DMC equipment) and after 1 min., Light-based hybrid LED / Laser (II Whitening Lase - DMC Equipment) was applied for 3 min. simultaneously in all the anterior teeth. Again it was made a 1 min., In order to cool the gel and then activated with the new light for 3 min. In groups not activated, the gel was applied for 3 x 15 min. Patients returned after 24 hours, 1 week and 1 month for new evaluations. The results were submitted to 4-way and 3-way ANOVA, Tukey test at significance level of 5%, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney Test. In group I, the use of light and acid etching generated the need for a shorter time (31.\'5\"), application of the gel, which in hemiarch not conditioned (group II) that was (34\'.3\"), these times were statistically significant when compared to hemi-arch non-conditioned (group II) and groups III and IV (45\'), demonstrating the advantage of the combination of these two resources in office whitening.

A tela A Redenção de Cam (1895), de autoria de Modesto Brocos é um retrato de família marcado pelas distintas gradações de cor da pele entre seus membros, num movimento clareador que vai do negro (a avó) ao branco (o neto). Vencedora da medalha de ouro na Exposição Geral de Belas Artes de 1895, a pintura foi incorporada ao artigo apresentado por João Batista de Lacerda, diretor do Museu Nacional, no I Congresso Mundial das Raças em 1911, servindo de ilustração à tese do cientista, para quem o Brasil seria branco em três gerações. No mais, o quadro é fruto de um momento pós-emancipação, marcado pela forte adesão ao racialismo na esfera pública e da emergência de uma série de planos quanto ao destino da população de ascendência negra na ordem livre e republicana. A despeito de sua apropriação por Lacerda, a presente dissertação analisa A Redenção de Cam com base da hipótese de que a pintura procura demonstrar sua própria tese sobre o embranquecimento. Argumentamos que a tela concorre para fixar a imagem de um corpo negro branqueador, sobretudo na medida em que procura atribuir forma explícita a uma ideia ainda incerta, tanto aos olhos da ciência, quanto nos debates que ganhavam espaço junto à opinião pública de seu tempo. Logo, procuraremos discutir em que medida a pintura possibilita vislumbrar certas variáveis constitutivas de uma estética que, por sua vez, revela-se uma importante via de acesso a modos de ver profundamente imbricados em processos fundamentais daquilo que hoje entendemos como preconceito racial. Procuramos levar adiante a proposição de alguns críticos atuais, segundo os quais a tela é preconceituosa, observando em maior detalhe as soluções pictóricas empregadas pelo artista na caracterização da cena e de suas personagens. Será essencial, nesse trajeto, o diálogo com outras imagens, por meio do qual se tornarão mais evidentes certas tendências marcantes no tratamento pictórico de personagens de ascendência negra no período e também as especificidades de A redenção de Cam com relação a esses modelos. / Modesto Brocoss painting Redemption of Cham (1895) is a family portrait marked by the different colour shades of each characters skin, in a lightening movement from black (the grandmother) to white (her grandson). Awarded the golden medal in the 1895 Brazils General Fine Arts Exhibition, in 1911 the painting was incorporated as an illustration to the paper presented in the First Universal Races Congress by João Batista de Lacerda, the director of the National Museum, in order to exemplify the scientists thesis, arguing that in three generations, Brazil would be a white country. The painting is a post-emancipation work, marked by the strong adherence to racialism in the public sphere and by various projects regarding the black peoples destiny in the Brazilian free, Republican order. Despite of the paintings appropriation by Lacerda, the present master thesis analyzes Redemption of Cham through the hipothesis that it intends to demonstrante its own thesis on whitening. It will be argued that the painting contributes to fix the image of a black whitening body, especially when it seeks to attribute explicit form to an idea that still was not a consensus at that time, neither through the eyes of science, nor in the wider public debates on that issue. It will be asked to what extent the painting allows for envisaging certain aspects of an aesthetics that, in itself, could reveal to be an important chanel for accessing ways of seeing deeply embedded in fundamental processes of what is currently understood as racial discrimination. The thesis is aimed at developing the proposition made by recent critics, according to whom Redemption of Cham is biased by racial prejudice, taking a closer look at the ways adopted by the artist to depict the scene and its characters. In such an analysis, the dialogue between this painting and other images will be crucial in order to render visible certain patterns used to depict non-whites at that time, as well as the particularities of Redemption of Cham.

Orientador: Marco-Aurelio De Paoli / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T18:50:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maia_DenisonRicardoJustino_D.pdf: 7384890 bytes, checksum: efeedfba27b5af359387e70f46fd71c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: No presente trabalho foi estudado uma alternativa para atenuar a degradação e o embranquecimento de peças injetadas de poli(propileno-co-etileno) contendo TiO2. O pigmento branco TiO2 (rutilo e anatase) apresenta efeito catalítico na degradação fotoxidativa do polímero, em um processo iniciado pela reação de um elétron fotoexcitado na banda de condução do TiO2 com oxigênio atmosférico. Durante longos períodos de exposição ambiental das peças observa-se que a tensão gerada por flexão não tem efeito detectável na degradação, tendo-se atribuído o fenômeno a processos de relaxação das cadeias poliméricas. Com intuito de minimizar os efeitos catalíticos do TiO2 foi utilizado o pigmento preto negro de fumo condutor (NFcd) em substituição ao negro de fumo comum (NFcm), sendo observado menor degradabilidade para estas amostras. O efeito não foi verificado para amostras que não continham TiO2, e assim mostrou-se que o processo está relacionado à interação do NFcd com o TiO2. Propõe-se que as características condutoras do pigmento preto estão relacionadas à desativação do elétron fotoexcitado do catalisador TiO2. Em testes com nove estabilizantes comerciais foi selecionado o sistema estabilizante NDS Anox¿ como o mais efetivo na estabilização da formulação, combinando alta estabilidade e maior homogeneidade das características degradativas das amostras. Em adição, não foi verificada interação sinérgica ou antagônica entre o estabilizante NDS Anox¿ e o NFcd, mostrando que a alta eficiência do estabilizante constitui-se na variável mais importante na estabilização do material. Também apresentamos nesse trabalho uma alternativa de aplicação para a técnica quimiométrica mapas auto-organizáveis (SOM), utilizada no tratamento e classificação de espectros de reflectância FT -IR, se mostrando uma ferramenta útil na caracterização comparativa da degradação das amostras poliméricas. / Abstract: In this work we studied an alternative to minimize degradation and whitening of injected parts made of TiO2 containing poly(propylene-co-ethylene). The catalytic effect of the white pigment TiO2 (anatase and rutile) in the polymer photooxidation has been assigned to the reaction of an excited electron in the conduction band of TiO2 with atmospheric O2. For long periods of ambient exposition it was observed that tension generated by flexion does not affect degradation, and it was assigned to polymeric chain relaxation processes. To minimize catalytic action of TiO2 we used the black pigment conducting carbon black (CCB) in substitution to the non conducting grade (CB), and it has been verified less degradation in these samples. The effect was not observed for samples without TiO2, hence the process is related to the interaction between CCB and TiO2. We propose that the improvement of stability is associated to deactivation of the excited electron in the conduction band of TiO2. Tests of nine commercial stabilizer mixtures have selected NDB Anox¿ as the most effective in the formulation stabilization, combining high stability and greater homogeneity of samples degradation characteristics. In addition synergistic or antagonistic interaction was not observed between NDB Anox¿ and CCB, showing that the high stability provided by the stabilizer system is the major variable in the material stabilization. We also present an alternative application for self-organizing maps (SOM), used in this work for FTIR reflectance spectra treatment and classification, providing an useful tool in the characterization of comparative degradation of polymeric samples. / Doutorado / Quimica Inorganica / Doutor em Ciências