The objective of the thesis is to analyze the concept of the liability of employer for work injuries and occupational diseases in the Czech Republic. At first, the nature of the basic terms (work injury, ossupational disease, liability for damage) is described. Afterwards, these terms are discussed further in other contexts, for example prevention and compensations of the occupational diseases and work injuries and liability insurance of the employer. In the part of the legal insurance, the thesis offers evaluation of the current legislation and describes the possible new one. The theory and practical examples are compared in the thesis. It is possible to find the real cases of the work injuries, vocational diseases and employers'methods in the text.