Die Dissertation widmet sich den intragenerationalen Aufstiegsprozessen von Haushalten aus der Mittelschicht zu den Wohlhabenden. Intragenerationale Mobilitätsforschung wird bislang vor allem als arbeitsmarktbezogene Inidivualmobilität angesehen. Diese Dissertation erweitert den Ansatz auf die Ebene des Haushaltes. Dem liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, dass die soziale Position eines Individuums nicht allein durch sein Erwerbseinkommen determiniert wird. Ebenso entscheidend ist der Kontext des Haushaltes. Dieser bestimmt darüber, wie viele Personen zum Einkommen beitragen können und wie viele daran partizipieren. Weiterhin kommt der Haushaltsebene in Paar-Haushalten die Rolle des Aushandlungsortes zu. Hier wird über Familienplanung, Kinderwunsch und damit in Zusammenhang stehend auch über die Erwerbsbeteiligung der Partner entscheiden. Die vorliegende Dissertation untersucht diese Annahmen mithilfe von Daten des Sozioökonomischen Panels (SOEP) der Jahre 1984 bis 2010. Der Fokus liegt auf der Erwerbsbeteiligung und dem Bildungsniveau des Haushaltes, seiner Struktur, sowie dem Beruf des Haushaltsvorstandes. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass dies die Hauptfaktoren sind, die über die finanziellen Möglichkeiten eines Haushaltes entscheiden. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt der Arbeit liegt in der Berücksichtigung des historischen Kontextes, da anzunehmen ist, dass die oben benannten Faktoren sich und ihren Einfluss auf die Aufstiegsmöglichkeiten von Haushalten im historischen Verlauf verändert haben. / This dissertation is about the intra-generational upward mobility of households from middle to upper class. Research on intra-generational mobility often only analyses individual mobility in the context of labour market. This dissertation takes an additional look on the context of households. This is done on the opinion that the social position of individuals is not only determined by its labour market income. Also the context of the household is very important. The structure of household decides about how many individuals can contribute income to the household income and how many people participate from this income. In a couple-household it is also the place to decide about family planning, children and related to this about labour participation of each individual. The dissertation analyses these hypotheses with the data of the socio-economic panel (SOEP) of the years 1984 to 2010. The focus of this analysis is on labour market participation, the level of education, the structure of households and the job of the head of household. It is assumend that these are the main criterias which determine the household income and so the chance to upward mobility. An additional focus of the dissertation is on the historical context. It is assumed that the mentioned criterias change their influences on the upward mobility of households over time.

The Goal of this final thesis was to offer completed focus on income distribution and unequality based on theretical and practical facts. Working with three paradigmatic countries I tried to show clearly income unequality in "real life". Final contribution of this final thesis is supposed to be a independent look at three paradigmatic countries from income distibution point of view and realizing of facts related to income unequality.

This thesis focuses on gender issues in management. The emphasis is puting on role of gender in management, on differences in harmonization of the working and family life for men and women and with respekt to difficult situations in career building for women, especially in matters of competence for the performance of this office. The thesis further focuses on the issues of equal opportunities for men and women to build their own career, gender inequalities and problems in relationships of families, households and careers. Part of the thesis also describes the public opinions on gender issues in management. The last chapter introduces the issue of managers free time. Keywords: gender, management, equal opportunities, labor market, unequality, career, family, free time.

The target of this diploma thesis is to analyze the situation of Czech mother on the labour market. The theoretical part will be created from the accessible literary resources and public databases. By providing databases made into tables and charts of the most problematical influences which affect the situation of a woman on the Czech labour market. The practical part presents methodology of the diploma thesis. Then the typology of family policy in the chosen European countries is tested by means of cluster analysis. This section represents very important research part because the national family policy acts upon womans possibilities how to bring family and career into balance after finishing maternity and parental leave. Subsequently the questionairre Woman in the situation of mother on the labour market is spread into all regions of the Czech Republic and afterwards evaluated. On top of that that five hypothesis with different factors as a womans current income, education level and number of her children will be tested to deepen the issue of women chance on the Czech labour market.

Le monde des affaires est marqué par des contrats conclus entre des personnes de pouvoir économique inégal, ce qui résulte souvent sur des abus subis par la partie la plus faible. De ce fait, la recherche de l’équilibre contractuel et, plus précisément, de la protection de la partie faible, y est constante. Dans cette optique, le droit des pratiques restrictives de concurrence, droit des pratiques économiques individuelles, est souvent présenté comme un dispositif légal permettant de répondre à cette préoccupation en ce qu’il aurait pour finalité la protection des entreprises dans leurs relations bilatérales. Cependant, cette affirmation est loin d’être exacte. En effet, l’analyse des règles de ce droit de la concurrence amène à remettre en cause ce point de vue. En réalité, les dispositions qui le composent ont une finalité qui transcende l’intérêt des parties pour s’attacher à un intérêt général économique. L'encadrement individuel des relations commerciales est un moyen pour parvenir à atteindre des finalités macroéconomiques. La protection de la partie faible ne peut être assurée par le droit des pratiques restrictives de concurrence mais ressortit à d'autres mécanismes juridiques. / The business world is marked by contracts between people of unequal economic power which often leads to abuses suffered by the weaker party. Therefore, the search for the contractual balance and more specifically the protection of the weaker party is constant. In this context, the right of restrictive practices, the right of individual economic practices, is often presented as a legal mechanism to address this concern in that it would aim to protect businesses in their bilateral relations. However, this statement is far from accurate. The analysis of the rules of the competitive law brings to question this view. In fact, the provisions in it have a purpose that transcends the interests of the parties to focus on the general economic interest. Legislature organize relations between enterprises to regulate macroeconomic problems and not regulate problems of each enterprise. The protection of the weaker party cannot be ensured by the law of restrictive practices but falls within other legal mechanisms.