The hypothesis of this study entails the formulation of interpretative solutions for J. S. Bach's Capriccio in B flat major. The "Interpretative Analysis" mentioned in the title, strives to provide a synthesis in which the cognitive understanding of the music can contribute to a more informed aesthetic interpretation of the music. In the ensuing study this objective is realised by examining the origin of the work and the sources from which it was handed down, the style in which the Capriccio was composed and conceived, the performance practices prevalent in the early eighteenth century and the applicability thereof to the music of J. S. Bach, the structure of the Capriccio, and lastly the different instruments on which the Capriccio can be performed and the impact which this choice has on any performance thereof. / Department of Musicology / M.Mus.

This thesis sets out to investigate new notation symbols, systems, and string techniques in some one hundred 20th century string quartets, selected from a variety of composers. The analysis includes compositions that have, through contemporary aesthetic ideals, extended musical and technical resources and stimulated the development of compositional methods in such a way as to influence later works in the genre. k The thesis divided into two parts : Histoiy and Research Part One is a brief history of 20th century music, and includes the development o f the string quartet from earliest times up to the mid-century. Part Two researches string techniques and notation from the turn of the century up to 1990. The historical perspective demonstrates that after World War n, with the emergence o f the electronic age and a changing social and intellectual climate, traditional concepts were being challenged. Composers facing the dilemma affecting music in general, and the string quartet in particular, had to adapt to radically developing techniques and styles. Sounds and syntax o f a different type were initially, but unsuccessfully, sought to unify the divergent thinking o f the time. Ultimately, the developmental paths took shape from the problem itself and different approaches emerged to master the multi-faceted dimensions available to composers. Part Two investigates music syntax from the viewpoint of recording new symbols, notation systems and string techniques. Quartets of the first half of the century show that both the dissolution and the extension o f traditional processes were contained, importantly, within the continued use of conventional notation. The impact and significance of these quartets within the context of 20th century development cannot be ignored. However, the quartets researched post-1960 demonstrate that composers have enlarged all parameters of the genre through the extension of traditional resources and by radical innovation. This research demonstrates that the emergence of new symbols and string techniques in the second half of the century has been largely on an arbitrary basis. Nevertheless^ broad classification of these elements is undertaken. / Art History, Visual Arts & Musicology / D.Mus. (Musicology)

The hypothesis of this study entails the formulation of interpretative solutions for J. S. Bach's Capriccio in B flat major. The "Interpretative Analysis" mentioned in the title, strives to provide a synthesis in which the cognitive understanding of the music can contribute to a more informed aesthetic interpretation of the music. In the ensuing study this objective is realised by examining the origin of the work and the sources from which it was handed down, the style in which the Capriccio was composed and conceived, the performance practices prevalent in the early eighteenth century and the applicability thereof to the music of J. S. Bach, the structure of the Capriccio, and lastly the different instruments on which the Capriccio can be performed and the impact which this choice has on any performance thereof. / Department of Musicology / M.Mus.

This thesis sets out to investigate new notation symbols, systems, and string techniques in some one hundred 20th century string quartets, selected from a variety of composers. The analysis includes compositions that have, through contemporary aesthetic ideals, extended musical and technical resources and stimulated the development of compositional methods in such a way as to influence later works in the genre. k The thesis divided into two parts : Histoiy and Research Part One is a brief history of 20th century music, and includes the development o f the string quartet from earliest times up to the mid-century. Part Two researches string techniques and notation from the turn of the century up to 1990. The historical perspective demonstrates that after World War n, with the emergence o f the electronic age and a changing social and intellectual climate, traditional concepts were being challenged. Composers facing the dilemma affecting music in general, and the string quartet in particular, had to adapt to radically developing techniques and styles. Sounds and syntax o f a different type were initially, but unsuccessfully, sought to unify the divergent thinking o f the time. Ultimately, the developmental paths took shape from the problem itself and different approaches emerged to master the multi-faceted dimensions available to composers. Part Two investigates music syntax from the viewpoint of recording new symbols, notation systems and string techniques. Quartets of the first half of the century show that both the dissolution and the extension o f traditional processes were contained, importantly, within the continued use of conventional notation. The impact and significance of these quartets within the context of 20th century development cannot be ignored. However, the quartets researched post-1960 demonstrate that composers have enlarged all parameters of the genre through the extension of traditional resources and by radical innovation. This research demonstrates that the emergence of new symbols and string techniques in the second half of the century has been largely on an arbitrary basis. Nevertheless^ broad classification of these elements is undertaken. / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology / D.Mus. (Musicology)

Notre recherche concerne les bandas, associations composées de musiciens amateurs interprétant un répertoire musical aux sonorités principalement hispaniques et basques. <p>Les premières sont apparues dans le sud-ouest de la France dans les années soixante, suite à l’engouement de musiciens français pour les formations musicales qui accompagnaient les fêtes espagnoles, notamment celles de San Fermin à Pampelune. <p>Les musiciens du Sud-Ouest ont reproduit le modèle qu'ils avaient observé, certains l'ont fait dans les détails, d'autres ont aménagé le modèle en fonction des habitudes de leur localité.<p>Par la suite, des bandas sont apparues dans d'autres régions de France et même en Belgique.<p>Des éléments ont favorisé cette diffusion :la présence de sociétés musicales dans les communes qui ont adopté la pratique musicale des bandas, l’existence de relations de jumelage entre communes dont l’une est le siège d’une banda, la présence de liens historiques entre communes, le contexte global de perte de succès des fanfares et harmonies locales.<p>Notre recherche nous a amenée à observer plusieurs phénomènes :une certaine hispanisation du Sud-Ouest de la France à travers l’apparition des bandas, une diffusion de cette pratique musicale et festive en France et en Belgique souvent accompagnée de mouvements de (re)constructions identitaires, de revendications d’authenticité et de conflits de légitimité. <p><p>A notre connaissance, notre thèse est la première recherche analysant l’univers des bandas sur un espace géographique aussi étendu. Celle-ci est en outre la première étude concernant la propagation de cette pratique. <p>De plus, cette recherche aborde les bandas de différents points de vue, à travers leur histoire, leurs participations aux fêtes, leurs rôles dans les fêtes, dans les corridas, les courses landaises et les ferias, la volonté pour les bandas situées en dehors du Sud-Ouest de créer des fêtes qui leur correspondent dans ces régions où il n’existe pas de lieux festifs qui leur soient spécifiques. <p>D’un point de vue musical, nous abordons la problématique du répertoire des bandas, les conflits au sujet de leur modification, de leur modernisation, de leur authenticité, de leur « tradionalité ». Nous analysons également les situations d’apprentissage musical que les bandas produisent, que ce soit de manière informelle ou que ce soit organisé en écoles de musique. <p>A travers notre recherche, nous espérons ainsi construire une mémoire de ces formations musicales, un éclairage sur cette pratique, son origine, sa propagation, son appropriation et les moyens de réinvention mis en œuvre par les musiciens pour la rendre cohérente avec leur localité. Cette logique de réinvention provoque de nombreux conflits internes entre bandas conservatrices et bandas modernistes et c’est dans ces discours revendicateurs que l’on perçoit l’importance que chaque banda tient dans la vie des musiciens.<p> / Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The aim of the present study is to explore the so-called historically informed performance movement, which also is my own musical performance tradition, from a general perspective grounded in musical philosophy. The discussions concerning this performance tradition have been dominated by different subjects, such as musical works, authenticity, intention and interpretation. The study focuses on Western art music where the performance of the music, the sounding realisation, of a notated work is central. Therefore, the performance in connection with the abovementioned subjects is of prime interest. This more overarching theme gave rise to the following questions: What factors can be considered decisive for whether a performance is a historically informed performance or not? How can these factors be identified? Does this mean that there are instructions in the music that I, as a musician, must obey? What does my artistic freedom look like? Where can I find it? The path to tentative answers to these questions is taken via theoretical discussions and the application of the theory in method and analyses as well as in interpretation.The theoretical perspective of the study is based on contextual musical ontology. The scientific theoretical framework, emanating from this ontology, is formulated in the field of social constructionism.The performance can, through this perspective, be identified as an indispensable part of the musical work, which also implies that the notated work itself is not sufficient to identify the work. Further, the emphasis on the context's importance for the performance in order to allow the performance to be of the work in question implies the necessity of awareness of the context of the work. This concept is deepened in the study through the emphasis on the importance for the performance, in a broad perspective, of the historical as well as the contemporary socio-cultural context. For the work itself this means that the identity of the work is unstable, it is constantly changing, since the different performances of the work that are parts of the work can never be identical. The perspective is based on social constructivist theories about knowledge. With contextual musical ontology as a point of departure, a strategy is formulated concerning analysis and investigation of a musical work. This strategy focuses on the notation, the instrumentation, and historical performance conventions. These three parts interact with one another and in the study they are formulated as being inseparable from the performance of the work.The theoretical part of the study is followed by a case study in which a sonata by Johann Sebastian Bach is studied from the articulated theoretical perspective. The case study contains an investigative part and an interpretative part. The work's notation is always in focus in the investigative and descriptive part, with emphasis on the socio-cultural context connected to the notation. Through the sounding interpretations, the different performances, the final chapter results in a summary of the study as a whole. / Syftet med föreliggande studie är att studera så kallad historiskt informerad uppförandepraxis, och därmed även min egen musikaliska inriktning, ur ett generellt musikfilosofiskt perspektiv. De olika begrepp och frågeställningar som kan sägas dominera diskussionerna kring denna framförandetradition är verk, autenticitet, intention och interpretation. I fokus för studien befinner sig musik inom den västerländska konstmusiktraditionen inom vilken framförandet av musik, den klingande realiseringen av ett noterat verk, är central. Därför står framförandet, i relation till ovan nämnda begrepp, i fokus. Detta mer övergripande tema leder fram till följande frågeställningar: Vilka faktorer kan betraktas som avgörande för att ett framförande kan betraktas som ett historiskt informerat framförande? Hur kan dessa faktorer identifieras? Innebär det att det finns instruktioner i musiken som jag som musiker måste följa? Hur ser min konstnärliga frihet ut? Var finner jag den? Vägen till tentativa svar på dessa frågor har gått via teoretiska resonemang, och applicering av teorin i såväl metod och analys som interpretation. Studiens teoretiska perspektiv och överbyggnad baseras på kontextuell musikontologi. Det vetenskapsteoretiska ramverket, utifrån denna ontologiska grund, formuleras inom ramen för den socialkonstruktionistiska tanketraditionen. Genom detta perspektiv kan framförandet av verket identifieras som en omistlig del av verket, vilket också innebär att enbart notationen inte är tillräcklig för att definiera verket. Vidare innebär teorins betoning av kontextens betydelse att ett framförande för att vara ett framförande av verket, medvetet måste förhålla sig till verkets kontext. Detta perspektiv fördjupas i studien genom att betona den socio-kulturella kontextens betydelse i ett större perspektiv, såväl den historiska som den nutida, för framförandet. För verket innebär det att dess identitet är föränderlig, då de olika framföranden som är en del av verket inte kan vara identiska. Denna syn baseras på socialkonstruktivistiska teorier om kunskapsbyggande. Med utgångspunkt i kontextuell musikontologi formuleras också en strategi för att analysera och undersöka ett verk utifrån notationen, instrumentationen och uppförandepraktiska konventioner, tre delar av verket som griper in i varandra och som konstateras vara omistliga att förhålla sig till vid ett framförande. Studiens teoretiska del åtföljs av en fallstudie där en sonat av Johann Sebastian Bach studeras utifrån det teoretiska perspektivet. Fallstudien består av en undersökande del och en tillämpande interpretativ del. För den undersökande, och i viss mån deskriptiva delen står verkets notation hela tiden i fokus, med tyngdpunkt på notationens socio-kulturella kontext. Det avslutande kapitlet resulterar, genom de klingande gestaltningarna av sonaten, i en sammanfattning av studien som helhet. Avhandlingens slutkapitel utgörs även av en CD. Den kan beställas genom registrator på Institutionen för musik och medier vid Luleå tekniska universitet. E-post: muh-registrator(at)ltu.se / Godkänd; 2008; 20081113 (ysko)

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This study concerns the declaimed performance of recitative in early French opera. Because the dramatic use of the voice was crucial to the opera genre, this investigation begins with a survey of historical definitions of declamation. Once the topic has been described, the thesis proceeds to thoroughly study three treatises dealing with sung recitation: Bacilly's Remarques curieuses, Grimarest's Traité de recitatif, and Dubos' Reflexions critiques. Principles from these sources are then applied to representative scenes from the literature. The paper closes with a commentary on the relationship between spoken and sung delivery and on the development of different declamatory styles.