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特種貨物及勞務稅條例對建設公司股票異常報酬率與營業收入之影響 / The impact of the specifically selected goods and services tax act on the stock returns and revenues of the construction industry鄭苡萱 Unknown Date (has links)
近年來房價持續攀升,政府決定實施特種貨物及勞務稅條例以降低投機買賣之行為,達到防止房價泡沫化,平抑房價之目的。為探討資本市場對該條例之預期,本論文首先以事件研究探討特種貨物及勞務稅條例消息公布之際,上市櫃建設公司是否產生負的累積異常報酬率,並採用迴歸模型探討公司特性與該公司受特種貨物及勞務稅條例影響幅度的關聯性。本論文進而透過對上市櫃建設公司營業收入及營業毛利率在特種貨物及勞務稅條例消息公布後是否產生不利影響之探討,了解特種貨物及勞務稅條例消息公布對建設公司銷售面之實質影響,最後採用迴歸模型探討公司特性與建設公司銷售面受影響幅度之關聯性。
本研究研究結果發現:
1、在特種貨物及勞務稅條例消息公布之相關事件日,上市櫃建設公司普遍均產生顯著的負向股票異常報酬率。
2、股票累積異常報酬率與公司特性關聯性之迴歸結果顯示,研議及開徵特種貨物及勞務稅消息公布之事件日,存貨比率較高、公司規模較大、公司成長性較高之上市櫃建設公司,其累積異常報酬率較低。
3、在特種貨物及勞務稅條例消息公布後,上市櫃建設公司之營業收入產生不利影響,但對營業毛利率並無顯著之不利影響。 / In order to curb the housing price hike and prevent housing bubble, Taiwan government implemented the Specifically Selected Goods and Services Tax Act. The Act is expected to have negative impacts on stock market returns of construction companies and real estate market. Using event study method, this study examines the stock market reactions to the announcements of the legislature policy. This study explores the relation between the stock cumulative abnormal returns (CAR) of the Act and firm characteristics.
This study finds that the stock market reacts negatively when the news of the Act are released. The regression results indicate when the news of the Act are released, for construction companies, CARs are negatively related with inventory-to-total assets ratio, corporate size and growth. This study also finds the construction companies’ revenue reflected the negative impacts on real estate market.
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資本市場對導入IFRSs之反應葉于禎 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究探討我國自2009年5月14日行政院金融監督管理委員會宣布正式採用IFRSs當日,對於某些受IFRSs影響較大的金融、百貨、航空、營建以及保險這些產業,資本市場是否有顯著之反應。而正式宣布採用IFRSs後,與IFRSs相關的重要訊息,例如有企業提前適用IFRSs,投資性不動產因公允價值估價後使公司淨值大為提升,是否會讓資本市場對於其他帳上擁有較多不動產、廠房及設備與投資性不動產之公司產生顯著影響;金管會對於不動產、廠房及設備和投資性不動產與無形資產後續衡量限採成本模式之規定是否也會讓資本市場有顯著反應等。研究發現我國金管會宣布正式採用IFRSs當日,金融、百貨以及航空業者因顧客忠誠度計畫必須估列部分收入遞延,對於此項訊息市場給予負面反應。在與IFRSs有關的重要訊息上,新版租賃會計草案使市場對於海運及航空業者有負面反應;提前適用IFRSs使公司淨值提升對擁有較多不動產、廠房及設備與投資性不動產之企業有正向影響;金管會對於不動產、廠房及設備和投資性不動產與無形資產入帳及衡量的保守態度讓市場產生負面反應。對於我國導入IFRSs,投資人、企業及主管機關等充滿了期待及關注,也多持有正向的看法,但2013年後正式採用的狀況為何,仍有待密切注意。 / This study examines the market reaction to finance, general merchandise, airline, construction, and insurance these industries at the announcement of IFRSs adoption in Taiwan on May 14th, 2009. Furthermore, it also examines how the market reacts to relative and important news about IFRSs after the announcement of IFRSs adoption. It finds a negative reaction to financial, general merchandise and airline industries at the announcement of IFRSs adoption. It also finds a negative reaction to shipping and airline industries when a new lease draft gives out. In addition, firms with more plants, properties and equipments, investment properties and intangible assets have a positive reaction when news reports there is a company adopts IFRSs previously, but have a negative reaction due to the conservative attitude of Financial Supervisory Commission to the way of the measurement of properties.
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以股價與交易量預估政治事件結果:以台灣證券市場為例 / The forecast on political events with stock prices and trading volumes: Evidence from Taiwan Stock Exchange洪敏豪 Unknown Date (has links)
為了針對實證股價與交易量的資訊,能否作為預測未來政治事件結果提供依據,此篇論文探究四個政治事件,分別是2014年台北市長選舉國民黨黨內初選、2014年台北市長選舉、2016年總統選舉國民黨更換候選人以及2016年總統選舉。作者使用異常交易量作為判斷投資人是否將政治事件視為投資機會,並觀察個股與投資組合之累積異常報酬率是否能作為預測依據,最後以事件後五日內的異常累積報酬判斷投資人是否在事前過度反應或是反應不足。
本研究發現,在政治事件發生前六十日內,大部分政治相關的個股交易量皆顯著異於前一年之交易量。與勝選相關的股票在事件前60日至31日有顯著的正累積異常報酬。相較之下,與敗選相關的股票中,僅有和候選人有緊密政治連結的股票有顯著負累積異常報酬,政策相關的股票並無顯著負累計異常報酬。最後,在現行交易制度下,正異常報酬伴隨著正異常交易量,而負異常報酬卻因放空限制等因素,無顯著正異常交易量。 / This paper analyzes the last four political events, which includes KMT's Taipei Mayoral Primary, Taipei Mayor Election, KMT Presidential Candidate Replacement and Taiwan Presidential Election. We use trading volume to detect whether investors join the market due to potential political investment opportunity. Then we examine the CAR tendency with the political event results to identify its forecast ability. Last, we detect CAR within 5 days later to find if investor overreact or underreact before the event day.
We find that the CAR meets voters’ political anticipation before the event window. Investors believe they can time the market through these events and gain profit. Furthermore, stocks relevant to those elects experience positive CAR. In contrast, stocks relevant to those also-rans do not experience significant returns. The only fortuneteller is the company, which has close relationship to the defeated candidate, telling with negative CAR. Because of short-sale constrains, the trading volume are not larger than before even it is a good chance to gain profit in the political events.
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量化寬鬆對信用風險的影響-以歐豬五國為例 / The impact of quantitative easing on credit risk in the Eurozone-take PIIGS for example林顥峰, Lin, Hao Feng Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以事件研究法的方式,研究歐洲央行宣布量化寬鬆(Quantitative Easing, QE)對歐豬五國信用風險的影響,本研究以各國主權信用違約交換的超額報酬顯著性衡量量化寬鬆政策對信用風險的影響。
研究結果為多數的QE政策宣告對歐豬五國信用風險的影響在事件期中有正向有負向,且時常交錯分布,未有一固定的模式,故無法得到一個明確的結論。 / This paper examines the impact of the ECB’s (European Central Bank) quantitative easing program on the credit risk of PIIGS. In this case, we used each underlying countries’ excess return of their sovereign CDSs to identify if their credit risks are decreased significantly.
Our finding was that most QE announcements by the ECB had multiple impacts on the credit risk of PIIGS. They had both positive and negative impacts. Also, the patterns were not the same, so we do not have a clear conclusion on whether the QE policies are good or bad for the credit risk of PIIGS.
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台灣股市中下市公司之預測–歷史事件研究法蘇凡晴 Unknown Date (has links)
本論文主要目地是在研究財務比率對上市公司發生下市事件之預測。我們運用歷史事件研究法和Cox迴歸模型去研究上市公司發生下市事件之原因。同時,我們也針對Cox迴歸模型和Logit模型在發現對下市事件有顯著影響的財務比率作比較。 / This study applies the event history analysis and the Cox regression model to examine the causes of firm delisting, and also compares the performance of the Cox regression model with that of the logit model in detecting factors that have a statistically significant impact on the delisting event. The empirical results show that the hazard rate of firm delisting increases with the ratio of current liabilities to current assets, a binary variable indicating if the total liabilities of a firm is greater than its total assets, and a binary variable indicating if the net income of a firm was negative for the last two quarters, while the hazard rate of firm delisting decreases with increases in the firm size and the ratio of funds provided by operations to total liabilities.
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現股與認購權證漲停落差分析 / The Lag Analysis of Up Price Limit between Stocks and Warrants葉峻源 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要以“市場效率性”與“套利機會”之概念出發,並使用類似於“日內事件研究(Intraday event-study)”的方式,觀察標的股票漲停後,認購權證市場在各種特定時間內的情況。希望探討(1) 標的股票漲停後,是否其相對應之認購權證亦同時漲停或達到最高點?(2) 標的股票漲停這一事件,認購權證市場是否有利可圖、是否具有套利之機會?(3) 最後並以Logistic迴歸模式,檢定影響標的股票漲停後,認購權證亦漲停之主要因素,完成此研究。而其中,在時間落差與套利利潤的這前兩項研究當中,本文將資料加以分類,將認購權證價格資料分為 “標的股票漲停後,當日所有時間內”、“標的股票漲停後,一小時內”、“標的股票漲停後,兩小時內”以及“標的股票漲停後,市場即將收盤”等四類加以研究。研究結果如下:
1.無論是在價內、價外或接近價平的認購權證當中,標的股票漲停時間與
認購權證最高價(包括漲停價)之時間差皆相當顯著,顯示標的股票市場
與認購權證市場之間價格資訊之傳遞,具有一定顯著性的落差,效率市
場假說並不成立、認購權證市場對於漲停之正面消息的反應顯著落後於
標的股票市場平均約25分鐘。
2.標的股票漲停後,以此漲停作為一事件並操作“在標的股票漲停時,賣
出標的股票並同時買進相同金額、相對應之權證,且在權證達最高價時
將權證賣出並買入股票還券”之策略的投資者,平均大約可以獲得0.6%
~1.3%的套利利潤。
3.將標的股票漲停後認購權證亦漲停之樣本挑出做檢定,其研究結果顯
示,標的股票漲停與認購權證漲停之時間具有相當大的顯著落差。但
在套利利潤的檢定方面,所有對“標的股票漲停、認購權證亦漲停”
之證券操作套利策略之結果,其所得利潤卻皆為0。探究其原因,標的
股票漲停到認購權證漲停這一段時間內,持有此類型(會漲停)證券的投
資者,皆不會將證券賣出,第一筆可以買到的權證就是權證的漲停價
格,故使得套利策略無法執行,無法取得套利利潤。
4.Logistic迴歸模式之結果:
(1) 槓桿比率越高的權證由於其認購權證價格相對於其標的股票顯得低了
很多,故使這類權證越容易在標的股票漲停後,達到漲停。
(2) 相較於價外的認購權證,處於接近價平的認購權證較易吸引投資人,
故使這類權證較價外之權證容易在標的股票漲停後,達到漲停。
(3) 一項足以使標的股票市場漲停的正面消息釋出後,相較於大型券商,
小型券商所發行的認購權證較容易在標的股票漲停後,達到漲停。
(4) 由於重設型權證具有重設的特性,使這類認購權證相較於一般型的認
購權證,更容易貼近於其履約價、更接近於價平,故這類的權證相較
於一般權證更容易在標的股票漲停後,達到漲停。
由於以上所述四類特性之權證,雖然其“時間落差”的檢定結果是顯
著的,但在標的股票漲停與權證漲停這一段落差時間內,卻因無法購
得權證而獲得套利利潤,故在操作套利策略時,應將這類權證加以摒
除。
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企業營運總部之股市影響林必佳, Pi-chia Lin Unknown Date (has links)
摘要
本研究探討民國九十一年開始實施之企業營運總部政策對股市之影響,分為三部分。第一部份採用法令分析及文獻探討方式,分析我國與鄰近國家關於營運總部政策及其租稅優惠之異同,並佐以各界對此項政策之評論,以得出我國營運總部政策優劣之處;第二部份以敘述性統計檢視各產業符合營運總部申請要件比率及各要件達成之難易程度,以做為建立迴歸模型之基礎;第三部分則利用事件研究法與迴歸分析探討股市於營運總部政策演變期間股價異常報酬情形,並檢測股價異常報酬率與各要件間的關連性。
在我國營運總部申請要件方面,實質控制海外關係企業、員工人數和學歷、國內年營收淨額、國內年營業費用及國外關係企業年營收淨額等均較新加坡、上海和馬來西亞嚴格,『實質控股』、『員工學歷』和『國外關係企業年營收淨額』更為他國所無之要件。而雖然我國之租稅優惠較此三國優渥,但如無相關配套措施,優惠效果也會大減。在符合要件分析方面,本文針對458家上市公司進行分析,整體符合要件比率為29.85%。在各申請要件中,以國內年營收淨額、年營業費用和員工人數為企業較易達成之要件。但就國外關係企業佈局國家數及其年營收淨額而言則較不易達成,可謂企業欲獲得此項租稅優惠之最大障礙。而就各產業別觀之,以塑膠、電子和水泥業之符合比率最高,機電、電線電纜、塑膠、百貨、玻璃和造紙業次之。而紡織、化學和食品業則因無法達到國外關係企業佈局國家數與其年營收淨額此兩項要件導致符合比率相當低。另外汽車、營建、運輸、觀光與金融保險業中無一家公司達到符合營運總部設立要件。此結果顯示傳統產業在獲取營運總部租稅優惠上仍趨於劣勢,可能造成產業別租稅不公平之現象。
營運總部政策演變過程中,股市普遍給予其正面評價,包括在經濟部起草規劃、經發會通過、經濟部與行政院增訂促產條例,以及立法院三讀通過等六個事件日,皆出現顯著為正之股票異常報酬。而在分析企業申請營運總部獲准日之股市反應方面,在通過日之次一交易日也有顯著之正值異常報酬。
以迴歸模型檢視影響股價異常報酬之因素,在全體上市公司樣本方面,股市對電子業仍給予最高的顯著股價異常報酬,不過,實證上並無發現設立要件有顯著影響股價異常報酬之結果。就73家核准公司樣本分析則顯示遞延所得稅負債科目金額之大小對累積股價異常報酬率有顯著之正值影響。 / Abstract
In January 30, 2002, the legislative Yuan passed the Chapter VI-1 of the Statute for Upgrading Industries to encourage companies to utilize worldwide resources and set up the operational headquarters in Taiwan by providing preferential tax interests. Using 2001 corporate financial statement data and regression analysis, this study explores the influence of the Operational -Headquarter policy on the reactions of the stock market. The results of this study are as follows:
1. Regarding the qualification requirements, Taiwan has a more strict qualification than those of Singapore, Shanghai and Malaysia, especially in the specification of “control over the foreign affiliates,” “the net revenues and expenses of the operational headquarter,” “the quantity and quality of employees,” and “the net revenues of the affiliates abroad.”
2. The statistical analyses show that there is 29.85% companies meet of requirements of operational headquarters. Among the qualifications, the requirements of “foreign affiliates” are the most difficult criteria to achieve than others, causing the traditional industries cannot qualify for applying the approval.
3. During the event period of this study, the stock market reacts to the proposal by significant positive stock abcdrmal returns. It shows the stock market favors the new policy. The regression results indicate that investors give the Electrical industry higher evaluation than other industries.
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銀行併購後經營績效之個案研究-以英國蘇格蘭皇家銀行與國民西敏寺銀行併購案為例呂子立 Unknown Date (has links)
在經濟全球化、自由化與網路事業發達的趨勢影響之下,近年來金融國際化亦加速發展,各先進國家之銀行產業無不積極擴展海外事業版圖,同時世界各國亦逐步開放其國內金融市場,吸引外國金融機構直接投資,以增加其金融產業競爭力。在因應二十一世紀全球化競爭快速發展之際,歐洲銀行業紛紛藉由國內併購及跨國併購方式以增強其競爭能力。為因應全球金融風暴衝擊或區域性金融風險波及,世界各國金融業者也藉由私募方式趁機在亞洲、拉丁美洲與俄羅斯收購投資標的,藉以低價取得價值被低估資產,擴大其區域營運規模,進而強化客戶網絡關係。 / 本論文研究主題為歐洲銀行業併購後經營績效之探討,採用財務比率、併購動機及經營績效分析其成功的因素。本論文個案研究為英國蘇格蘭皇家銀行(Royal Bank of Scotland)併購國民西敏寺銀行(National Westminster Bank)之案例,此案例為『以小併大』的案例(併購時國民西敏寺銀行約為蘇格蘭皇家銀行的三倍規模大),且創下當時英國銀行史上金額最大的併購案。
本論文案例以併購活動對股價之影響、併購前後三年之財務績效及併購後的營運績效,予以比較分析。本案例研究結果,就國民西敏寺銀行股東而言,雖然蘇格蘭皇家銀行付出併購溢價(PremIum)但因併購綜效的發揮,得以有效增加其股東之財富;蘇格蘭皇也由名不見經傳的小銀行,擠身為英國第二大銀行,並為其後各項鉅額之併購案,建立堅實的基礎與經驗。 / This research investigates the motivations and consequences of a banking merger case - the 1999 merger between Royal Bank of Scotland and National Westminster Bank in the UK, an apparently successful case. Accounting financial ratios and post-merger stock price trends are used to evaluate post-merger performance and we also investigate the sources of synergies by comparing the ratios of pre-merger and post-merger time windows of 3 years. We conclude that the case is successful both in terms of providing a significant bid premium to National Westminster Bank’s shareholders and in terms of the excess returns and improved financial performance of Royal Bank of Scotland /National Westminster Bank over the post-merger period. In addition, the success of this M&A deal can be attributed to Royal Bank of Scotland’ insightful business strategies including focus merger, the strategic goals in line with the takeover motives, accurate estimates of the gains and costs of acquacquisition and, fully exploiting the synergies from the merger, and brand awareness strategy.
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更換主辦輔導推薦證券商對興櫃掛牌公司 及上市櫃後期初報酬率之影響 / How does the replacement-of-leading-securities effect the IPO initial return鄭聖儒 Unknown Date (has links)
鑒於興櫃市場股票交易逐漸熱絡,投資人愈趨關注該市場的相關事件,本研究以興櫃市場中受輔導之公司為樣本、更換主辦輔導推薦證券商為研究事件,探討有更換券商之情事的樣本公司,在事件發生前後是否存有異常報酬,並接續研究這些公司成功上市櫃後,期初報酬率是否顯著異於未有更換之情事發生的新上市櫃公司,進而判斷「更換主辦輔導推薦證券商」事件是否為影響期初報酬率的其中一項因子。
本研究以事件研究法分析事件發生日前後是否存在顯著異常報酬,雖然不論是平均異常報酬率或累積平均異常報酬率都呈下降趨勢,但統計檢定結果顯示並未顯著異於零,因此可判定投資人對於更換主辦券商之情事有負面的反應,但反應程度並不顯著,沒有賺取超額報酬的機會。本研究另外設計多元迴歸模型觀察各項自變數,包含是否更換過主辦輔導推薦證券商、上市或上櫃公司、公司規模、發行總金額、內部人持股比例、平均中籤率、產業別、發行公司年齡等,對期初報酬率的解釋能力,實證結果顯示,平均中籤率愈低、內部人持股率愈高、有更換過主辦輔導推薦券商的公司會有較高的期初報酬率,投資人可依上述三項公司性質作為選取股票的參考。 / In view of the stock trading in “Emerging Market” is becoming more and more popular, Investors are concerned with related event or information about the market. I selected several companies traded in Emerging Market as samples, leading counseling securities replacement as the research event, investigating the sample companies with replacement and whether the abnormal return exists before or after the event happened. I also tracked these sample companies until IPOs, testing the statistical significance of initial return to judge if the “replacement-of-leading-securities” event is one of the factors explaining the existence of initial return.
I used event study to test the significance of abnormal return. Both the average abnormal return and the cumulative average abnormal return display a downturn trend during event window, not statistical significant though. Based on the result, I presume the investors have adversely impact on the replacement event, but the impact is not remarkable. There’s no chance to gain the abnormal return. Besides, I set a multiple regression to test the coefficient of each control variable. The empirical result implied that the average success rate, the shareholding ratio of insiders and the companies with replacement event influence the initial return significantly. Investors could follow those three company characters as reference of choosing stocks.
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上市公司購併宣告對股價影響之研究-以電子業及食品業為例沈建良, Chern, Jiann-Liang Unknown Date (has links)
本研究之研究目的旨在探討國內電子業及食品業上市主併公司進行購併活動對股價所產生的影響。研究期間為民國76年1月1日至88年12月31日,經搜集相關資料後共取得83個符合條件的購併樣本,電子業及食品業分別為53個及30個。本研究以購併宣告日前21日至宣告日前120日為市場模式之估計期,而以購併宣告日前20日至宣告日後20日為事件觀察期,採用事件研究法分析主併公司的購併宣告效果。除此之外,本研究亦以三日累積平均異常報酬為應變數,而以購併地點、購併型態、公司規模、負債比率、稅前淨利率及內部人士持股比例為自變數進行橫斷面複迴歸分析,試圖找出影響累積平均異常報酬的因素,經由實證分析後得到以下研究結論:
1.電子業與食品業上市公司購併宣告對股價有正面的影響,但電子業之購併宣告效果大於食品業。
2.電子業上市公司相關購併宣告對股價的影響程度大於非相關購併宣告,而食品業上市公司相關購併宣告對股價的影響程度小於非相關購併宣告,但效果並不顯著。
3.電子業上市公司國際購併宣告對股價的影響程度小於國內購併宣告,而食品業上市公司國際購併宣告對股價的影響程度大於國內購併宣告。
4.不論是電子業或是食品業,負債比率與三日累積平均異常報酬均有顯著的關係,但這兩個產業的結果卻完全相反。
最後,本研究以研究結論,分別針對上市公司、投資者、政府主管機關及後續研究者提出一些建議,期盼這些建議能夠對於其從事相關決策、學術研究時有所助益。
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