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社會網路互動下的新凱因斯動態隨機一般均衡模型 / Toward a social network-based New Keynesian DSGE model張嘉玲, Chang, Chia Ling Unknown Date (has links)
本研究建構一社會網路互動下的新凱因斯動態隨機一般均衡模型,探討效用基礎下波茲曼分配背後的網路結構,以及,社會網路對新凱因斯動態隨機一般均衡模型參數的影響。根據本論文模擬結果,效用基礎下波茲曼分配背後所隱含的社會網路結構呈現局部區域性連結拓璞,此結論與熱力學對波茲曼分配中粒子互動方式的假設相同,然而,區域性連結之網路結構(如環狀網)並非目前實證研究所觀察到的網路型態(如冪分布網路或高群集係數之小世界網路),故吾人是否得以直接利用效用基礎下波茲曼分配來描述社會上人與人之間的互動現象必需更忱慎考量之。另外,社會網路互動也將使新凱因斯動態隨機一般均衡模型之參數估計產生偏誤,依本研究估計結果觀之,只要加入社會互動,總合需求曲線中實質利率之參數估計將為正號,即實質利率對產出缺口的影響為負向影響,也就是文獻上的投資儲蓄迷思(IS puzzle),若進一步觀察社會網路結構對該實證迷思的影響則可發現當社會網路群聚程度越高時,該估計偏誤將越嚴重。 / We construct a social network-based New Keynesian DSGE (Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium) Model to investigate the underlying social network structure derived from the performance-based Boltzmann-Gibbs model, and thus interpret the process that social network structures affect the estimation bias in the New Keynesian DSGE framework. According to our simulation results, the underlying social network structure derived from the performance-based Boltzmann-Gibbs model should be local. This finding is consistent with the study of thermodynamics, which the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution is based upon, i.e. the local interaction. However, it contradicts not only the purpose of combining the performance-based Boltzmann-Gibbs machine and New Keynesian DSGE model, but also empirical studies of social network structures in the real world. Accordingly, maybe we have to consider further whether the performance-based Boltzmann-Gibbs machine is a suitable tool for calibrating social interaction under the stylized New Keynesian DSGE framework. Furthermore, if we embedded interaction behavior in the stylized New Keynesian model, the so-called “IS Puzzle” can be consequently observed. We also realized that “IS Puzzle” is connected with network structures. The more clustering the network structure is, the more significant “IS Puzzle” would be.
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動態社會網路之趨勢指標發展與應用之研究─以政府官員異動為例 / Development and application of trend metrics in dynamic social networks─a case study in government officials changes鄭遠祥, Cheng, Yuan Hsiang Unknown Date (has links)
對於零碎且結構複雜的資料來源時,社會網路分析能夠給予整體性的觀察,還能檢視個體之間的關係。目前社會網路分析研究中,因為將網路退化至簡單連結關係,所以會遺失許多珍貴的資訊。而網路規模和型態隨著研究議題的不同,也會跟著增大或趨於多變,但動態網路分析能夠提供我們檢視每個時期,網路的變化或社群的形成或消失,甚至能知道節點間的互動影響。本論文研究,以政府人事異動資料為主,並且加入了其他政府組織的相關資料,建構出政府組織的從屬網路,並在每個網路快照中,擷取出重要的官員異動;每一筆人事異動都是一個事件的發生,而特任或簡任官員在本研究中視為重要事件,從這些重要事件的發生,我們能夠對每個時間的官員,使用EventRank的演算法做排名計算。最後能從時間的變化中,觀察出每個時期的佔有重要影響力的官員。 / To fragmented and complex structure data, social network analysis (SNA) can give an overall observation, but also view the relationship between individuals. Recent research in SNA is the degradation of the network link to a simple relationship but it will lose a lot of valuable information. The size and type of network with different research topics will follow the increase or rapidly changing, dynamic network analysis can provide our view of changes in the network or community to form or disappear in every period, even know the impact of the interaction between nodes. This thesis is based on the government official changes and other related data to construct manager-subordinate network of the government organization and capture the important interactions between officials in every network snapshot. An official change is the occurrence of an event and special level official changes in this study as a critical event. From these critical events, we can use the Event Rank algorithm to rank the officials. Finally, we can observe which official has more influence from the time changes.
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VBS-RTK GPS輔助UAV影像自率光束法空三平差之研究 / VBS-RTK GPS Supported Self-Calibration Bundle Adjustment for Aerial Triangulation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Images李敏瑜, Li, Min Yu Unknown Date (has links)
無人飛行載具(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV)於要求精度之圖資測製應用時,因飛行高度較低並可在雲下飛行取像,與大型載具相比可更機動性獲取空間解析度較高之影像,雖無法如大型載具酬載大像幅感測器供大區域圖資製作,但於小區域之圖資更新卻相當適合。但一般UAV因酬載重量限制,僅可酬載體積小且重量輕之感測器,如非量測型相機及低精度定位定向系統,即AHRS系統。因此,本研究嘗試在UAV上酬載Trimble BD970 GNSS OEM GPS接收模組,此GPS接收模組體積小且重量輕可安置於UAV上,並透過VBS-RTK GPS定位技術獲取UAV精確飛行軌跡資訊,再經時間內插相機曝光瞬時的GPS資訊供空中控制使用,輔助UAV影像空中三角測量(簡稱空三)平差,以降低地面控制點需求。
但欲引入GPS觀測量供空中控制使用必須考量GPS天線與相機投影中心偏移量之問題,但因UAV所酬載之非量測型相機,將造成此偏移量不易透過地面測量方式測得,於本研究將於空三平差時使用線性漂移參數克服此偏移量無法量測之問題;此外,UAV所酬載之非量測型相機,相機參數乃透過地面近景攝影測量以自率光束法平差方式率定所得,但率定所得相機參數無法完全描述相機在航拍取像時的情況,故本研究於空三平差將採用自率光束法克服相機參數率定不完全之問題。實驗中,首先確定GPS模組BD970在VBS-RTK GPS定位技術下在地面高速移動時可獲得高精度的定位成果;接續驗證線性漂移參數及自率光束法平差於此研究的適用性;最後亦探討不同地面控制點配置及來源對空三平差之精度探討,並提出1/5000基本圖圖資測製精度要求下,VBS-RTK GPS輔助UAV影像自率光束法空三平差的地面控制點最適配置。 / UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) is currently used in civil purpose such as mapping and disaster monitoring. One of UAV advantages is to collect images with high resolution for mapping demand. However, due to payload limitations of UAV, it is difficult to mount metric aerial camera and precise POS(Positioning and Orientation System) device. Instead, only the non-metric camera and the low accurate AHRS (Attitude and Heading Reference System) can be installed. For mapping demands, Trimble BD970 GNSS OEM board will be carried on the UAV to collect the high accurate flying trajectory as control information for AT (aerial triangulation) by VBS-RTK(Virtual Base Station - Real Time Kinematic) GPS technique. Meanwhile self-calibration bundle adjustment will be employed for AT(Aerial Triangulation) to overcome the imperfect calibration of non-metric camera by the close-range photogrammetric approach. The precise offset between image perspective center and GPS antenna center, called GPS antenna-camera offset, is hard to measure in centimenter level by terrestrial measurement approach. Therefore the drift parameters will be utilized to solve the problem of GPS antenna-camera offset while performing bundle adjustment with self-calibration for AT of UAV images. In the experiments of this study, the height positioning accuracy of BD970 by VBS-RTK GPS approach at high speed movement will be proved firstly. Then the adaptability of drift parameters and self-calibration for GPS supported AT of UAV images will be verified. Finally, the accuracy of AT by using different control information will be analized and appropriate configuration of GCPs(Ground Control Points) for VBS-RTK GPS supported self-calibration bundle adjustment for AT of UAV images will be proposed under the mapping demand with the scale of 1 : 5000.
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跨國企業系統事業部門在台灣發展歷程之個案研究-動態策略分析陳光輝 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究係以個案研究的方式進行,並以吳思華教授所著「策略九說」之策略構面與競技場動態策略分析為理論基礎,深入探討該個案系統事業之經營策略邏輯,並藉以分析在變化快速的激烈競爭環境中,如何以適當的動態策略作為,主動的因應環境的變化,以持續地建構長期的競爭優勢,做為往後其他跨國企業系統事業部門發展的參考。
該個案系統事業自1994年創立以來,其間在該系統事業成長發展過程中影響較大的兩次組織變革,分別為1998年及2005年,為便於本個案之分析,本研究以這兩次策略轉折前後期的發展做為研究的依據。
綜合本研究之結果,對於該個案系統事業的動態經營策略有更清楚的了解,以下為本研究的發現與建議:
一、從個案系統事業部門發展之歷程中,有如下策略構面之變化:
在營運範疇構面,由早期的單/雙色字幕機發展到目前的大型全彩看板,道路公共工程用CMS看板,智慧型紅綠燈系統,年營業額大幅成長。在核心資源構面,累積了工程契約、大型工程控管、規劃提案文件、系統軟體人才等核心資源及環境、信賴性試驗、知識累積、工程安全Know how、業務運作、委員會等組織核心能耐。在事業網路構面上,日松集團海外通路的結合、系統服務公司、系統販賣公司、工程顧問公司、建築師、電機技師等構成了極可觀的事業網路。
二、從個案系統事業在不同策略構面間,發現其策略作為之配合有:
以核心資源(企業文化、研發實力、完備的業務運作程序和不斷組織自我學習與資源整合)作為營運範疇的後盾,使得該系統事業得以穩定成長。同時以核心資源建構內部能耐,並藉著外銷市場及紅綠燈市場的開拓等策略作為,建構出該系統事業具競爭優勢的事業網路。另外大型公共工程訂單之取得來自事業內部的核心能力,同時也強化了營運範疇的擴大。
三、從個案系統事業部門在不同競技場之動態位移方面:
在「價值 / 效率」競技場的努力可累積核心「能耐」,而「價值」的充分運用,可展現該事業的「價值」或「效率」。其主要價值優勢在於產品品質及品牌形象。而「結構」地位與核心「能耐」為該事業「實力」的表徵;「能耐」與「結構」可互相移轉並強化該事業的「實力」。其能耐則來自專業技術能力與商品化能力、企業文化及組織運作績效。其中「實力」與「體系」形成該系統事業異質化的能力;「實力」有助於「體系」的建立、「體系」有助於該事業「實力」的強化,皆強化了「異質」力。其主要實力展現在集團的組織整合能力、工程控管能力及財務能力。而事業經營即是一個不斷「異質」、「同形」的過程。
以下幾點建議可以做為往後其他跨國企業系統事業部門發展的參考:
1.從永續經營觀點,由於系統事業易受景氣循環影響且國內市場有限,應積極與母公司策略合作拓展海外市場,以擴大其營運範疇。
2.系統事業雖是客製化市場,應朝向開發可量產化系統產品,以解決訂單高低震盪起伏現象。
3.將可量產化模組化產品,轉移到大陸的工廠生產,以取得成本上的優勢,提升競爭力。
4.具備專業素養與精通Spec in提案、技術標運作模式及政府採購法等精英型行銷營業人才的聘用。
5.隨時隨地掌握好風險的管理,如訂單、估價、工安、技術等。
關鍵字詞:動態策略分析、營運範疇、核心資源、事業網路、跨國企業、系統事業、電子顯示幕。
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集村興建農舍之制度經濟分析 / Institutional Economic Analysis of Cluster Farmhouse徐宏明, Shiu,Hung-Ming Unknown Date (has links)
自民國89年起政府將農地政策明訂為「落實農地農用」之方向,為配合此一目標而建立「集村農舍制度」,農舍議題遂成為各方矚目之焦點。由於農舍興建與「農地利用」、「農村景觀」與「農民生活」等議題關係密切,且實際的集村農舍制度規則與執行因涉及制度參與者互動情形,而影響制度執行與最後目標之實現。惟既有的集村農舍研究多以個別觀點,從管制與被管制者的政策、法律保留原則或住宅管制等面向切入,就制度實際運作情形甚少著墨,對於整體制度問 題亦無深入探討,而研究結果多僅表示贊同或反對意見,無法針對集村興建農舍制度獲得較完整的分析。爰此,本研究透過新制度經濟之觀點,探討集村興建農舍之主要制度理念、正式規則之制度環境、及主管農舍業務組織間制度安排問題,並以「新竹湖口」與「雲林斗六」兩個集村案例,進行案例分析與實地訪查,利用與相關承辦人員深度訪談等研究方法,檢驗目前制度之執行與其保護優良農地落實性。再者應用具動態性之制度變遷理論分析,探討我國加入WTO之調整與民國89年總統大選等重要政經因素對於集村農舍制度之影響。最後依據研究結論,對目前集村農舍制度問題提出對策與政策建議,希冀未來集村興建農舍之規則與執行更能落實保護優良農地之理念。本研究之主要結論與建議如下:
一、研究結論
(一) 集村農舍制度因加入WTO之調整與總統大選等政經因素影響,減弱保護優良農地之制度理念的落實性,呈現不合理的制度變遷趨勢。
(二) 規則欠缺農地利用面與引導農舍區位面之管制等制度環境問題,以及農地與農舍管理組織間業務重疊與職權模糊等制度安排問題,產生制度無效執行,甚至出現耗損優良農地資源之情形。
(三) 以「湖口」與「斗六」兩集村案例歸納其共同現象,目前集村興建農舍制度並未實質照顧農民,亦未能達到保護優良農地之制度目標,須加以研議調整。
二、政策建議
(一) 「落實制度理念」-降低建商介入炒作影響制度理念落實的可能、增加落實制度理念之依據、檢討「專案分割」對制度理念落實之影響。
(二) 「合理的制度環境」-使務農者成為制度主體、提升誘因機制之質量。
(三) 「有效的制度執行」-地方政府組成集村申請案審查小組、農地利用計畫報請農委會審查列管、加強地方審查人員對於集村制度理念之宣達與執行審查業務教育。
(四) 近程與中長程措施
1. 近程建議-明確釐清農舍之定位與推動「示範集村農舍」計畫
2. 中長程建議-調整制度方向為「以集村方式興建為主」 / Central government has defined the enforcement of farmland for agricultural use as the national farmland policy since 2000. In order to fit the objective of the policy, the central government adopts the institution of cluster farmhouse. The problems of farmhouse cause public attention because it raises other issues, such as ' utilization of farmland ', ' rural landscape ' and ' farmer's life. The enforcement of cluster farmhouse institution involves the interaction of the actors, which subsequently influence the realization of the ultimate goal. The existing studies on cluster farmhouse focus mainly on the viewpoints of the owners and regulators of farmland, the principal of law reservation or housing control. In contrast to existing studies, this study, based on the concept of Institutional Economics and deep interviews with the relevant officers who take charge of the cluster farmhouse, investigate the institutional environment; institutional arrangement and enforcement of cluster farmhouse. The political and economy factors that influence the institution will be explained. Finally, a prospective promise of improvement for cluster farmhouse will be provided. The main conclusions and policy suggestions are as follows:
1. The institutional change of cluster farmhouse is deeply influenced by the political economic factors such as to join WTO and to run presidential election which subsequently affects the implementation of the institution.
2. The institutional environment of cluster farmhouse which lacks the consideration of farmland use, location of farmhouses and its institutional arrangement results in its enforcement deviated from the original concept.
3. In essence, cluster farmhouse, from the two cases in this study, has not really looked after farmers. The institution also unable to reach its goal of protecting good farmland at present.
4. Policy recommendations:
(1)To reduce the possibility for building traders becoming as a leading role in the process of cluster farmhouse .
(2)To make the people who engage in farming become the subject of the institution, and enhance the quality of the incentive mechanism .
(3) To promote the concept of cluster farmhouse more rigorously, and thoroughly educate people more on the regulation of enforcement and examination .
(4)To clarify the role of farmhouse and to give an good example of cluster farmhouse, and then to modify the regulation for building the cluster farmhouse instead of individual farmhouse .
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台灣DRAM製造廠商風險管理問題之研究-以案例研討為中心 / CASE STUDY ON THE RISK MANAGEMENT OF DRAM MANUFACTURING COMPANY IN tAIWAN郭頴彥, Kuo, Ying-Yan Unknown Date (has links)
二十一世紀初的經濟不景氣橫掃了全球的DRAM製造產業,讓全世界的DRAM製造產商大賠了120億美金,國內廠商受傷尤其嚴重,甚至發生公司債之債務不履行事件,國內廠商岌岌可危。本論文主要係以案例探討之方式,研究國內DRAM製造廠商之經營模式、產業特性與風險管理問題,尤其在面對國際間產業劇烈之競爭下,國內之DRAM製造商的經營條件比國際大廠更為艱困,例如:金融環境、政府支援程度、生產規模、技術自主問題等與國外廠商皆有一段差距,因此在經營上所面對之風險與其他國家製造商相較,其實更為險峻。 / 本文以案例公司發生公司債之債務不履行事件為切入點,深入地了解一家在本國企業中屬於中大型企業之DRAM製造公司,為何會有債務不履行之情況發生?其近因似為案例公司在財務上過度倚賴公司債為籌資工具,且公司債之到期或轉換公司債之履約期間過於密集,以致產生流動性問題,然而其遠因乃在於DRAM產品價格快速的滑落,廠商缺乏適當的風險管理工具及機制以應付DRAM之價格風險。DRAM產品為成本競爭導向之標準產品,成本競爭來自於生產良率、製程微縮與新建更大尺寸廠房,當每家廠商都競逐於經濟規模以降低成本時產業會變得不穩定而暴起暴落,在產品價格處於高點時,所有廠商將產能利用率(稼動率)推到最高,此時因產能稼動率高,因此平均每單位晶片之生產成本較低,所以廠商獲利頗豐,並可輕易自資本市場取得資金擴充產能;等到市場供過於求,產品價格下跌處於低點時,廠商只好減產以降低損失,在其他條件不變下,此時因產能稼動率低,因此平均每單位晶片之生產成本反而較產品價格好時還要高,產品價格下跌所帶來的巨額損失,對廠商的虧損有乘數效果,此時廠商在資本市場或銀行等間接金融市場都不容易籌措到資金,本文以案例公司所面對之風險管理問題,提供幾個避險之建議,其中包括金融業、政府等應該能夠扮演更積極的角色,創造共贏共榮的局面,並避免類似之事件再發生,此為本文最大之貢獻。
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預測S&P500指數實現波動度與VIX- 探討VIX、VIX選擇權與VVIX之資訊內涵 / The S&P 500 Index Realized Volatility and VIX Forecasting - The Information Content of VIX, VIX Options and VVIX黃之澔 Unknown Date (has links)
波動度對於金融市場影響甚多,同時為金融資產定價的重要參數以及市場穩
定度的衡量指標,尤其在金融危機發生時,波動度指數的驟升反映資產價格震盪。
本篇論文嘗試捕捉S&P500 指數實現波動度與VIX變動率未來之動態,並將VIX、
VIX 選擇權與VVIX 納入預測模型中,探討其資訊內涵。透過研究S&P500 指數
實現波動度,能夠預測S&P500 指數未來之波動度與報酬,除了能夠觀察市場變
動,亦能使未來選擇權定價更為準確;而藉由模型預測VIX,能夠藉由VIX 選
擇權或VIX 期貨,提供避險或投資之依據。文章採用2006 年至2011 年之S&P500
指數、VIX、VIX 選擇權與VVIX 資料。
在 S&P500 指數之實現波動度預測當中,本篇論文的模型改良自先前文獻,
結合實現波動度、隱含波動度與S&P500 指數選擇權之風險中立偏態,所構成之
異質自我回歸模型(HAR-RV-IV-SK model)。論文額外加入VIX 變動率以及VIX指數選擇權之風險中立偏態作為模型因子,預測未來S&P500 指數實現波動度。
研究結果表示,加入VIX 變動率作為S&P500 指數實現波動度預測模型變數後,
可增加S&P500 指數實現波動度預測模型之準確性。
在 VIX 變動率預測模型之中,論文採用動態轉換模型,作為高低波動度之
下,區分預測模型的方法。以VIX 過去的變動率、VIX 選擇權之風險中立動差
以及VIX 之波動度指數(VVIX)作為變數,預測未來VIX 變動率。結果顯示動態
轉換模型能夠提升VIX 預測模型的解釋能力,並且在動態轉換模型下,VVIX 與
VIX 選擇權之風險中立動差,對於VIX 預測具有相當之資訊隱涵於其中。 / This paper tries to capture the future dynamic of S&P 500 index realized
volatility and VIX. We add the VIX change rate and the risk neutral skewness of VIX
options into the Heterogeneous Autoregressive model of Realized Volatility, Implied
Volatility and Skewness (HAR-RV-IV-SK) model to forecast the S&P 500 realized
volatility. Also, this paper uses the regime switching model and joins the VIX, risk
neutral moments of VIX options and VVIX variables to raise the explanatory ability
in the VIX forecasting. The result shows that the VIX change rate has additional
information on the S&P 500 realized volatility. By using the regime switching model,
the VVIX and the risk neutral moments of VIX options variables have information
contents in VIX forecasting. These models can be used for hedging or investment
purposes.
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動態機率管制界線的二項累積和管制圖的設計 / Design of Binomial CUSUM Charts with Dynamic Probability Control Limits卓緯倫, Cho, Wei Lun Unknown Date (has links)
傳統的二項累積和(CUSUM)管制圖是監測不合格率變化的有效工具。在本文中,我們考慮了俱有機率管制界線的二項CUSUM管制圖的設計,旨在控制每一期的條件誤報率達到所需的值。與固定的管制界線相比,機率管制界線將會是動態的,且更一般化、更能適應各種複雜的實際情況。在本文中,我們著重在機率管制界線的決定。藉由積分方程式法的發展,以促成動態二項加權CUSUM管制圖的設計與分析。俱有機率管制界線或固定管制界線的二項加權CUSUM管制圖與是否俱有快速起始反應特性的管制圖皆進行了比較。此外,在高良率的情境下,我們互相比較俱有機率管制界線與固定管制界線的二項加權CUSUM管制圖在製程失控時的偵測力表現。舉了一個例子來說明該如何應用所提出的管制圖。比較的結果顯示,動態界線的管制圖優於固定管制界線的管制圖,且在高良率的情況下,若樣本數越大,對動態管制界線的管制圖越有利。 / The conventional binomial CUSUM chart is an efficient tool for monitoring changes in fraction nonconforming. In this paper, we consider the design of Binomial CUSUM charts with probability control limits aimed at controlling the condi- tional false alarm rate at the desired value at each time step. The resulting control limits would be dynamic, which are more general and capable of accommodating more complex situations in practice as compared to the use of a constant control limit. In this paper, We focus on the determination of the probability control limits. An integral equation approach is developed to facilitate the design and analysis of the binomial WCUSUM control chart with probability control limits. The performance of the binomial WCUSUM charts with probability and constant control limits and the binomial WCUSUM charts with and without the fast initial response feature are compared. Besides, we compared the out-of-control detection perfromance of the binomial WCUSUM charts with probability and constant control limits for high yield process. An example is used to illustrate the application of the proposed control chart. Our comparisons show that the binomial WCUSUM chart with probability control limits generally outperforms the WCUSUM chart with constant control limits, and the conventional binomial CUSUM control chart with a constant control limit for high yield process when the sample size is large.
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台北市連鎖便利商店展店行為的動態分析 / An Entry Analysis of Convenience Stores in Taipei黃伊平, Hwang, I Pyng Unknown Date (has links)
臺灣的連鎖式便利商店密度居世界之冠,為數眾多的門市使得便利商店與臺灣人
民的生活息息相關,就直覺來說,便利商店門市的數量也影響了廠商設立新門市
的決策。本研究建構了一離散選擇的動態賽局,分析臺北市各個行政區便利商店
門市數量對不同廠商設立新門市的影響。實證結果顯示當競爭對手門市數量剛開
始增加時,門市數量對便利商店的利潤有正向的影響,但是當對手門市數量太多
時,此數量的增加對便利商店的利潤產生負向影響。這結果表示一開始門市之間
的互補效果大於替代效果,但是門市數量太多造成過度競爭,此時門市之間的替
代效果大於互補效果。而同品牌的門市數量對於廠商的總利潤也有類似的影響。
另外,本研究也估計便利商店歷年來在臺北市各行政區展店的機率,其中大安區
和中山區是便利商店廠商最想展店的行政區,相對而言,南港區、大同區和萬華
區則是展店機率較低的行政區。 / The density of convenience stores (CVS) in Taiwan is ranked as number one in the
world. The highly concentrated market of convenience stores has dramatically
changed the lifestyle of Taiwanese people. The number of existing outlets in a region
is also an important factor in regard to the entry decisions of new outlets. In this study,
we construct a model of the dynamic discrete game, and examine the influence of the
rival outlet number on CVS entry decisions in Taipei, Taiwan. The empirical evidence
we find is that the CVS profits first rise and then decline as the own or rival outlet
number increases. This result implies that the complement and substitution effects
vary with the number of the CVS outlets in a specific region. Furthermore, we
estimate the probabilities that the CVS companies will set up additional outlets in any
district of Taipei during the data period. The results show that it is most likely for the
companies to enter the Da’an and Zhongshan districts, while Nangang, Datong and
Wanhua are districts with low entry probabilities.
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安控產業重新定位之研究 / On a study of repositioning of CCTV industry林必祥, Lin, Pi Hsiang Unknown Date (has links)
安控產業存在於市場上已有數十年的時間了,近十年來由於科技的突飛猛進,加上恐怖主義盛行,也帶動了這個產業的蓬勃發展。在2011年以後,安控產業預計將正式超過PC產業的產值,成為下一個明星產業。
雖說安控產業的前景一片看好,可是,馬上連想到的是PC產業的削價競爭。由於大陸安控產業的興起,全球安控產品的價格近年來也因此大幅滑落,未來,安控產業的業者若不尋找新的藍海,重新定位安控產業,則在低階的安控市場,很可見的將會都是大陸產品的天下。
本研究的目的在為安控產業找到新的價值與定位。由於安控產業的核心價值就是實時監控及遠端連線,對一個連鎖企業或跨國企業管理來說,其實可以提供一很實時的競爭資訊,進而可以使企業提升為實時企業。安控系統就如同經營者的雙眼,時時的監控著整個企業的運作,甚至可以透過智慧型影像辨識,主動蒐集所有可能的競爭資訊,盡可能極早期的發現問題所在,或是可以比競爭者更早發現新的商機。
本研究主要由兩個方向著手,一是策略風險管理,一是企業危機防範,藉由這兩個構面,加上動態價值鏈的重整與再鏈結,可以讓一個實時企業隨時都保持在低風險的境界。 / CCTV industry presence in the market for several decades, and over the past decade as technology advances, coupled with widespread terrorism also contributed to the rapid development of this industry. In many research institutions have done studies predict that after 2011, the revenue of CCTV industry will be more than PC industry, becoming the next rising star.
Although the optimistic vision of CCTV industry, however, the same as PC industry, the price war is the first concern. Since the rise of China manufacturing, the prices of CCTV products have fallen dramatically. CCTV industry needs to find a new blue ocean to re-position CCTV industry; otherwise, China brands eventually will gain all the low level of CCTV market.
The purpose of this study is trying to find a way to re-position the CCTV industry. As the core values of CCTV industry is the real-time monitoring and remote connection, for the management of chain-stores and multi-national enterprise, the CCTV can provide an unbeatable value to help them to be a real-time enterprise. A CCTV system is just like a pair of eyes to help managers to watch their enterprise all the time efficiently. In addition, through the intelligent image recognition, a CCTV system may collect all the possible competition information to help managers to find the business opportunities in a very early stage.
This study includes two dimensions, strategic risk management and corporate crisis prevention. Based on the above two dimensions, coupled with the dynamic value chain, we can make a real-time enterprise maintained at a low-level risk state always.
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