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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
171

臺灣證券業經營效率之探討

楊家豪 Unknown Date (has links)
我國自1991年後,證券商為擴大市場占有率,紛紛以購併策略來擴展營業據點;此外,近年來證券商業務朝多元化發展,過去文獻鮮少探討新金融商品業務對證券商經營效率之影響,加上網路交易之興起,改變投資人之交易習慣。究竟大型證券商比小型證券商具有較佳競爭力與經營效率?影響證券商經營效率之因素又有那些?值得進一步探究。本文以1998至2007年家專業經紀券商276個樣本及綜合券商310個樣本資料,第一階段利用資料包絡分析法分別評估專業經紀券商與綜合券商之技術效率值,第二階段利用Tobit迴歸模型探討可能造成專業經紀券商與綜合券商經營效率差異影響之因素。技術效率評估結果顯示:(一) 就專業經紀券商而言,低用人費率券商之技術效率、純粹技術效率優於高用人費率券商;(二)就綜合券商而言,具外國背景券商之技術效率、純粹技術效率優於上市櫃或具金控背景之券商。迴歸實證結果顯示:(一)股價指數對專業經紀券商與綜合券商之技術效率具正向顯著關係;(二)開辦網路下單對專業經紀券商與綜合券商之技術效率具負向顯著關係;(三)專業經紀券商之營業據點數與技術效率具負向顯著關係;(四)綜合券商之營業據點數與技術效率具正向顯著關係;(五)業務愈集中、業務風險愈高、具金控體系及上市櫃背景則對綜合券商之技術效率具負向顯著關係。
172

金融危機迴歸模型之建構:論美國次級房貸風暴的衝擊 / Constructing the Regression Model of the Financial Crises : The Impact of the Subprime Mortgage Crisis in U.S.

盧孟吟, Lu,Meng Yin Unknown Date (has links)
過去三、四十年來世界各地發生金融危機的頻率較從前高出許多,探究原因後可以發現,與各國陸續開放金融自由化以及國際金融市場快速成長有極大的關係。除此之外,在各國中,金融危機的發生通常具備一些共同特徵,諸如危機發生時會導致資金外流、匯率大幅貶值、股市重挫、產出減少、進出口減少…等影響。因此,面對這一波次級房貸風暴,本研究也即將檢視美國在總體經濟數據上各方面的表現,希望能利用1970年以來已開發國家和開發中國家歷年來所發生的貨幣、銀行危機下所代表的各種總體經濟數據,經過轉化整理後,透過Logistic迴歸模型建立一個迴歸方程式,以了解金融危機的發生與實質匯率、進出口…等其他解釋變數之間的關聯,並利用此模型探測現階段次級房貸風暴對美國可能引發金融危機的機率值,以探討其合理性。 / We find that the frequencies of the financial crises are higher for the past forty years in the world. It is due to the financial liberalization and international financial markets which grow rapidly. Besides, financial crises usually company with some common characteristics such as capital outflow, the depreciation of the foreign exchange, the shock of the stock market, the decreasing of the production and so on. Therefore, in order to understand this financial crisis of the subprime mortgage, this thesis surveys the economic data of developed countries and developing countries from 1970s and figures out the performances of these countries under balance-of -payments crises or banking crisis. We use the logistic regression model and transform the data to construct a regression model. After understanding the relationship between the explaining variables, we use this model to predict the probability of possible financial crisis in U.S. under the subprime mortgage crisis and then discuss the rationality of those predicted values.
173

應用資料採礦技術於信用評等模型之建置-以服務業為例

劉建廷, Liu,Chien Ting Unknown Date (has links)
新巴賽爾協定已於2006年正式實施,國內各金融業為有效控制信用風險,近年來多致力於內部信用評等之建立;本研究透過建置違約預測模型的方式,讓金融機構可採用更科學且快速的方法預測客戶之違約機率,兼顧了金融機構的獲利與安全性。 本研究之研究對象為全國公開資料庫於民國85年至94年的服務業,其中違約客戶佔1.6%,非違約客戶佔98.4%;藉由企業財務報表與基本構面結合經濟變數,經誤差抽樣建立羅吉斯模型;經評估確立以1:2誤差抽樣比例下的羅吉斯迴歸模型效果最佳。接下來便針對模型去評估模型的有效性;最後,更進一步依照該模型所預測之違約機率,建立信用評分等級,同時檢視各等級內客戶之特性。 研究結果發現,以K-S Test以及ROC曲線進行模型正確性評估,本研究之模型有一定水準可以區隔正常授信戶及違約授信戶的能力;等級同質性檢定,也得到了同一等級內違約要素為同質且組內變異小的結果;表示本模型具有一定的穩定性與預測效力。
174

上市公司企業體質鑑別模型之建構—以製造業首度上市公司為例

黃柏凱 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以高科技與傳統製造業新上市公司為對象,建構企業體質鑑別模型,此模型除了可以用來評估新上市公司的體質外,專家所認定的重要體質評估構面更可引導後續研究者進行深入探討,並發展相關衡量指標。 為建構高科技與傳統製造業新上市公司的企業體質鑑別模型,本研究根據文獻探討和專家訪談的結果得到經營實力、公司治理、機構認證及財務績效等四個體質評估構面,及相關衡量指標,並透過迴歸分析確認衡量指標符合各構面的意涵。將評估構面與合適的衡量指標建構成的層級架構後,本研究依據分析層級程序法(analytic hierarchy process, AHP)設計問卷,請業界專家評估各層級要素的相對重要性,以得到各層級要素的相對權重,並完成最終的企業體質鑑別模型。從模型有效性驗證的結果得知,本研究所發展出的體質鑑別模型的確對新上市公司的上市後表現有顯著鑑別力,因此證實此模型的確有助於投資決策的進行。 從高科技新上市公司的體質鑑別模型可以得知,經營實力是專家最重視的體質評估構面,後面依序是公司治理、財務績效與中介機構認證構面。在經營實力構面,以人力資本的重要性最高,其次是創新資本、關係資本與流程資本。在公司治理構面,專家最重視的是機構投資人的持股比率,但關係的方向並不支持機構投資人具監督功能。外部董事席次比例則是公司治理構面中,最不受重視的指標,而實證結果顯示該指標與企業體質呈負相關,因此支持高科技新上市公司對董事會的專業服務需求高過監督功能。 在傳統產業,專家亦均認經營實力是最重要的體質評估構面,後面依序是財務績效、公司治理與機構認證。在經營實力構面,專家最重視創新資本,後續則是流程資本、人力資本和關係資本。在財務績效構面,利潤力構面雖最受重視,但專家的共識度不高,反而是均認為營收成長是最不重要的構面,這個結果表示,專家認為傳統產業新上市公司應致力於效率的提升和成本的降低,而非企業成長。
175

住宅整建之不動產價格外溢效果分析 / The spillover effect of refurbishment on housing price

王姿尹, Wang, Tzu-Yi Unknown Date (has links)
在社會資源有限分配下,住宅整建已逐漸成為市容景觀改造方法之一,成為都市更新重要的一環,鑑於以往文獻可知,建物整建會增加該不動產的市場價值。僅有Yau et al.(2006)及Yau et al.(2008)藉由視覺的虛擬變數代表受影響範圍,研究建物整建後對鄰近不動產價格的影響,卻無法證實整建之價格外溢效果確實影響範圍。 本研究採用具空間變數的空間迴歸模型,預期能解決一般迴歸模型中空間自相關與估計偏誤的估計問題,並以台北市都市更新整建維護實施辦法通過的補助案例及營造股份有限公司所提供的整建案例,與房地產交易價格簡訊資料為對象進行實證。實證結果發現,台北市住宅整建後確實會產生價格的外溢效果,影響鄰近不動產,且不以視野可及之處為限,距離整建案例半徑200~500公尺內的交易樣本皆會受到影響,顯見加強策略性的地區整建,將能為都市再生帶來更顯著的影響。 / Housing refurbishment has become more important in congested living environment like Taipei. There are some studies focus on refurbishment will enhance the market value of the property. However, there have been a few empirical studies investigating the value enhanced by the refurbishment of neighborhood buildings. As a result, this study aims to empirically estimate the spillover effect of housing refurbishment in Taipei. We find that spatial hedonic model is more accuracy than traditional one, and that the refurbishment brought a significant increase in price of the buildings which located within 200~500 meter radius from the refurbished buildings. Obviously, to enhance house refurbishment is helpful to urban renewal.
176

更緊密的經貿安排(CEPA)協定對香港銀行業的經營效率分析

劉書廷 Unknown Date (has links)
有鑑於我國與大陸方面是否應簽訂ECFA仍有許多疑慮,本研究欲就香港與大陸所簽訂之CEPA協定對香港銀行業經營效率有何影響加以探討,以便對台灣未來可能簽訂ECFA時提供台灣銀行業相關參考及對策。 本研究針對2000年至2007年的18家香港地區銀行以及30家台灣地區銀行,採用資料包絡分析(DEA)計算業者之經營效率,最後控制銀行業者本身之財務特性及總體經濟環境因素,應用Tobit迴歸比較分析實施CEPA對香港銀行業之影響及台灣與香港業者之差異。 研究結果顯示港銀行業之經營效率八年間均較台灣銀行業為佳,此外CEPA協定之採用整體而言對台灣以及香港銀行業均無顯著影響,雖然協定採用後之第三、四兩年,香港銀行業之效率顯著高於實施後之前兩年與台灣銀行業者,亦即CEPA之效益要到協議三及四之後才顯現出來。因此可知CEPA簽訂後,效益不會立即顯現,須有更多的開放例如CEPA三及四對營業額及資本額的放寬才有可能顯現直接之效益。此點應可作為台灣未來與大陸談判時應考慮之因素。 / Since Taiwan still disputes whether to sign Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement, (ECFA) with mainland China or not, this research tries to analyze the efficient change of Hong Kong banking industry before and after singing Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) with mainland China. And hope to gain some understandings about the effect of singing CEPA, so that to provide some strategic references for singing EFCA in the future. The research data draw from 2000 to 2007 of the 18 regional banks from Hong Kong and 30 regional banks from Taiwan. The research applies data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate the operating efficiency of the banks. After controlling banks’ financial characteristics and macro economics variables, the Tobit regression denotes the following suggestions. The efficient of Hong Kong banking industry showed a better efficiency than Taiwan banking industry. After signing CEPA for two years, Hong Kong banking industry finally revealed a significant improvement than first two years as well as Taiwan’s banking industry. The results suggest that signing CEPA does not immediately increase the efficiency of the industry; the agreement might need fewer restrictions, such as fewer amounts of sales restriction and less capital restriction in CPEA III and IV, in order to boost the performance of the industry. The results should provide a good strategic consideration about the future EFCA talk for Taiwan.
177

不同權屬別醫院之績效研究: 分量迴歸之應用

周東慶 Unknown Date (has links)
本文透過 Chernozhukov and Hansen (2005,2006) 的工具變數分量迴歸模型(IVQR)探討台灣醫院權屬別對於醫院績效的影響。 相較於簡單線性迴歸模型, 透過工具變數分量迴歸方法不僅能夠完整描繪醫院績效的條件分配, 亦能修正以傳統分量迴歸方法估計造成估計結果不具一致性的問題。 本文實證結果發現醫院權屬別對於醫院績效具有不對稱影響效果, 且 1999 年入院病患與 2000 年入院病患稍有差異。 醫療費用方面, 就 1999 年入院病患而言, 在住院醫療費用上, 對於醫療費用較高的族群,公立醫院病患會低於私人醫院病患。 在一年總醫療費用上, 對於醫療費用較低的族群, 公立醫院病患會高於私人醫院病患; 對於醫療費用較高的族群, 非營利財團法人醫院病患會高於私人醫院病患。 就 2000 年入院病患而言, 在住院醫療費用與一年總醫療費用上, 無論醫療費用較高或較低的族群, 公立醫院病患皆會高於私人醫院病患; 非營利財團法人醫院病患則大多在較高費用族群時才會高於私人醫院病患。 醫療品質方面, 就 1999 年與 2000 年入院病患而言, 對於存活天數較短的族群, 非營利財團法人醫院與公立醫院病患的出院後存活天數皆高於私人醫院病患; 對於存活天數較長的族群,非營利財團法人醫院與私人醫院病患間或公立醫院與私人醫院病患間, 出院後存活天數上均不存在顯著差別。 總體來說, 醫院權屬別對於醫院績效的影響效果隨著分量不同而有所差異, 這也提醒相關政府單位在查核院所績效時需特別注意,尤其在申報費用上, 是否某些族群較易出現浮報或爛報費用等現象, 造成不必要的醫療資源耗用。
178

博弈產業與澳門經濟發展—「自由行」實施前後之比較 / The relationship between gambling industry and economic development of Macau: A comparison before and after the implementation of “Free Trip”

王智樺 Unknown Date (has links)
1999年澳門回歸中國大陸後,博弈產業成為澳門經濟發展的龍頭。近十年來,伴隨著澳門人均GDP上升、博弈產業的豐厚利潤、政府稅收逐年提升等經濟急速發展的現象,使得澳門模式成為東亞國家競相模仿的對象,而博弈產業是否造成地方經濟產業單一化,或是帶動其他產業齊頭式發展,也是各界爭論的議題。特別在澳門與中國簽訂《內地與澳門關於建立更緊密經貿關係的安排》(CEPA)後,由於開放內地遊客「自由行」政策,使得博弈產業錦上添花。為了清楚瞭解博弈產業對澳門經濟發展到底造成何種影響,本文主要研究目的有以下兩點:一為探討博弈產業是否對澳門人均GDP是否造成影響,二為比較在「自由行」政策實施前後,博弈產業對澳門經濟的影響。 根據實證結果顯示,博彩消費、人口、公共支出、CEPA的簽訂,皆與澳門人均GDP呈現正向關係,證明了博弈產業的確影響澳門經濟發展甚大。但研究結果也顯示,博弈產業在「自由行」實施後,對澳門經濟影響力反而下降,因此本研究推論,在「自由行」實施前,澳門經濟大部分靠博彩業支撐,其他產業積弱不振;「自由行」實施後,其他產業得到發展機會,增長速度超越博彩業發展的速度,才會造成本研究實證結果。 總的來說,博彩業在澳門與中國簽訂CEPA後,反而減弱其影響力,表示在「自由行」實施後,其他產業並沒有隨著博彩業的壯大而消失,反而跟著博彩業一同成長,澳門產業結構並無朝向單一化,反而更加多元。帶動其他行業發展,有利建設先進、多元化的綜合城市。 / The gambling industry has become the leading industry in Macau since Macau return to China in 1999. This decade, accompanying with the rise of Macau’s GDP per capita, the huge profits the gambling industry, such as the phenomenon of rapid economic growth, making “Macau Pattern” become a model which East Asian countries compete to imitate. It is a controversial issue that if the gambling industry made the local industry more singlize or led other industry develop. Especially after Macao and China signed the "Mainland and Macao Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement" (CEPA), the opening up of the Mainland visitors as a result of "Free Trip" policy, helping the gambling industry develop rapidly. In order to clearly understand the game industry how to impact Macao's economic development, the purposes are to investigate the relationship between gambling industry and economic development of Macau. The empirical result shows: gambling consumption, population, public expenditure and CEPA signing have significant positive effects on economic development in Macau, Proving that the impact of the game industry is indeed a great economic development of Macau. The result also shows that after the signing of CEPA, gambling industry has fewer impact on economic development in Macau. Therefore, we infer that all industries except gambling industry were weak before “Free Trip”, and other industry got chance to develop after “Free Trip”. To sum up, the gambling industry is the main industry that affects the economic development in Macau. After “Free Trip”, other industries didn’t disappear or decline, all of them keep developing with gambling industry.
179

應用資料採礦技術建置台灣中小企業之電子業信用評等模型

陳冠宇 Unknown Date (has links)
全球化潮流方興未艾,基於與國際接軌目標,我國金融業自2006年起實施新巴塞爾資本協定,期於現今日新月異金融環境中以全球一致性的銀行管理方法及制度落實其精神。實施新巴塞爾協定後,首當其衝者便是台灣產業發展主體—中小企業。以信用風險中資本計提為例,中小企業不若大型企業體質健全,且財務透明度亦為人詬病,相對提升金融機構授信風險,進而導致中小企業融資授信審查趨於嚴格與保守,中小企業融資難度與成本皆大幅增加。 有鑑於此,本研究以中小企業中電子業為主要研究對象,採資料採礦流程進行信用評等模型建置。為求配適最佳違約機率模型,分別以不同精細抽樣比例逐一配適羅吉斯迴歸、類神經網路及分類迴歸樹等統計模型,經評估後篩選出羅吉斯迴歸模型建置信用評等系統。再者,為確認模型與信用評等系統建置適當,係遵循新巴塞爾協定相關規範進行各項測試及驗證,結果顯示模型於樣本外資料測試表現良好,信用評等系統亦通過正確性分析、等級區隔同質性檢定及穩定度分析等驗證準則,冀能提供金融機構一套有效且精簡的信用管理機制,建立與中小企業間資訊對稱管道,於兩造雙方取得互利平衡,防範危機於未然。 / Globalization trend is still growing. Because of the objective of connecting to the world, the banking and finance industry in Taiwan has implemented the New Basel Capital Accord since 2006, hoping to make use of globally consistent banking management method and system to implement its spirit in this changing financial environment today. After the implementation of the New Basel Capital Accord, the principal development part in Taiwan industry, medium- and small-sized enterprises, is the first to be affected. For example, with regard to the capital requirements in credit risks, the constitution of medium- and small-sized enterprises is not as sound as large-sized enterprises’, and the financial transparency of medium- and small-sized enterprises is insufficient that the credit risk of financial institution would be lifted comparatively; and then, the finance and credit investigation of medium- and small-sized enterprises would become strict and conservative, thus the finance difficulty and cost of medium- and small-sized enterprises would be increased substantially. In view of this, this study regards the electronics industry from medium- and small-sized enterprises as the main study objects, and data mining procedures are used so as to establish the credit scoring system. To get the best probability model of default, different oversampling ratios are used one by one to match such statistical models and logistic regression, Neural Network Analysis, and C&R Tree; and logistic regression model is selected for the establishment of credit scoring system after assessment. Moreover, relevant the New Basel Capital Accord standards are followed to carry out every test and verification so as to confirm that the establishments of model and credit scoring system are appropriate. The result indicates that the model has good performance in out-sample test, while credit scoring system also passes such verification standards as accuracy analysis, level segment homogeneity test, and stability analysis. Hopefully, this study result can provide a set of effective and simple credit management system for the financial institution to establish information symmetrical channel with the medium- and small-sized enterprises, so that both parties can obtain mutual balance and the crisis can be alerted in advance.
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LASSO與其衍生方法之特性比較 / Property comparison of LASSO and its derivative methods

黃昭勳, Huang, Jau-Shiun Unknown Date (has links)
本論文比較了幾種估計線性模型係數的方法,包括LASSO、Elastic Net、LAD-LASSO、EBLASSO和EBENet。有別於普通最小平方法,這些方法在估計模型係數的同時,能夠達到變數篩選,也就是刪除不重要的解釋變數,只將重要的變數保留在模型中。在現今大數據的時代,資料量有著愈來愈龐大的趨勢,其中不乏上百個甚至上千個解釋變數的資料,對於這樣的資料,變數篩選就顯得更加重要。本文主要目的為評估各種估計模型係數方法的特性與優劣,當中包含了兩種模擬研究與兩筆實際資料應用。由模擬的分析結果來看,每種估計方法都有不同的特性,沒有一種方法使用在所有資料都是最好的。 / In this study, we compare several methods for estimating coefficients of linear models, including LASSO, Elastic Net, LAD-LASSO, EBLASSO and EBENet. These methods are different from Ordinary Least Square (OLS) because they allow estimation of coefficients and variable selection simultaneously. In other words, these methods eliminate non-important predictors and only important predictors remain in the model. In the age of big data, quantity of data has become larger and larger. A datum with hundreds of or thousands of predictors is also common. For this type of data, variable selection is apparently more essential. The primary goal of this article is to compare properties of different variable selection methods as well as to find which method best fits a large number of data. Two simulation scenarios and two real data applications are included in this study. By analyzing results from the simulation study, we can find that every method enjoys different characteristics, and no standard method can handle all kinds of data.

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