This essay aims to investigate constructions of masculinity in Frank Chin’s Donald Duk and Charles Yu’s Interior Chinatown, comparing them to each other, and scrutinizing them through Raewyn Connell’s framework of hegemonic masculinity. Moreover, it aims to analyze the utilization of popular culture in identity formation within the two novels. Furthermore, it also aims to discuss how these novels can be utilized to discuss masculinity in the EFL classroom. To achieve these aims, the essay utilizes close reading of excerpts from the two novels. The analysis concludes that the protagonist of Donald Duk constructs masculinity with traits from hegemonic masculinity to combat the emasculation he experiences, while the protagonist from Interior Chinatown starts with the same ambition, he then rejects hegemonic masculinity in favor of a more empathetic masculinity. Additionally, both novels utilize representations of masculinity from popular culture as role models for the protagonists’ own identities. Lastly, it concludes that Donald Duk and Interior Chinatown can be of use in the EFL classroom to discuss toxic masculinity and alternative masculinities by highlighting the protagonists of the novels and tying the discussion to its authors, and the students’ own identities and experiences.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T14:27:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1497920 bytes, checksum: 44cb64c133634fef666e7938eb1502be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study proposes to hold an approach reading between education in/on human rights and capoeira from the social and educational campaigns that integrate the programming of the Festivais Interncionais da Arte Capoeira (FIAC) promoted by the Associação Brasileira de Apoio e Desenvolvimento da Art Capoeira (ABADÁ-Capoeira). To achieve this aim we divide the work into two phases: the first unfolds in question, historicism and universalism of the sociocultural project of modernity and therefore human rights conceived within the tradition of Western hegemony. Then we tried to understand the complexities of human rights when conceived and practiced in different phenomena of globalization, which may take according to Santos (2008), two production modes: one characterized by hegemonic forms of localism globalized and globalism located, and a counter- hegemonic forms that also includes two insurgents subaltern cosmopolitanism and the common heritage of humanity. Finally, we focus on presenting a new transnational political culture (Nuestra America) entered into new forms of subjectivity and sociability and a new epistemology: the Baroque ethos and the Cosmopolitan Reason (sociology of absences and emergencies and translation work), respectively. In the second, we present the capoeira as an expression which holds a very rich historical and cultural survived persecution and repression of modernity, and today's lesson gives citizenship to society with diverse social-inclusive of children, youth, women, disabled physical etc, besides promoting educational practices of socialization in/on construction everyday culture of human rights through these activities in Brazil and abroad. It is the story told and sung, here represented by the master narratives (ASSUNÇÃO, 2005) (axes of identity construction of capoeira and capoeira´s players), which reworks the capoeira itself, reconverts itself, takes on new meanings in dialogues with hegemonic and counter-hegemonic within the processes of hybridization in the globalized world. These processes lead us in the construction of what Falcão (2004) defines as contemporary capoeira, a multiple capoeira in transit to volta-ao-mundo socialize with other individuals and social groups that can not survive, as an identity essentialized and ahistorical, images constructed at the origin and stabilized by a teacher or a group. Our study aims through ways of approach between the rights and capoeira to the achievement of universal respect for human dignity and cultural construction of the conception of the emancipatory politics of human rights. Keywords: Human Rights; Capoeira; Education; Approach; Modernity; Hegemonic and Counter-Hegemonic Globalization; Contemporary Capoeira; Volta-ao-Mundo. / O presente estudo propõe-se a realizar uma leitura aproximativa entre educação em/para os direitos humanos e a capoeira a partir das campanhas sócio-educativas que integram a programação dos Festivais Internacionais da Arte Capoeira (FIAC) promovidos pela Associação Brasileira de Apoio e Desenvolvimento da Arte Capoeira (ABADÁ-Capoeira). Para alcançarmos tal desiderato, nós dividimos o trabalho em dois momentos: o primeiro desdobra-se em questionar a historicidade e o universalismo do projeto sociocultural da modernidade e, por conseguinte, dos direitos humanos concebidos dentro da tradição hegemônica ocidental. Em seguida, procuramos compreender as complexidades dos direitos humanos quando concebidos e praticados nos diferentes fenômenos da globalização que podem assumir, conforme Santos (2008), dois modos de produção: um hegemônico, caracterizado pelas formas de localismo globalizado e globalismo localizado; e um contra-hegemônico que também comporta duas formas o cosmopolitismo subalterno insurgente e o patrimônio comum da humanidade. Por fim, nos debruçamos sobre uma nova cultura política transnacional (Nuestra América) inscrita em novas formas de subjetividade e sociabilidade e uma nova epistemologia: o ethos barroco e a Razão Cosmopolita (sociologia das ausências e das emergências e o trabalho de tradução), respectivamente. Já no segundo, apresentamos a capoeira como uma expressão detentora de um riquíssimo acervo histórico-cultural que sobreviveu às perseguições e às repressões da modernidade e, hoje, dá lição de cidadania à sociedade com diversas ações sócio-inclusivas de crianças, jovens, mulheres, deficientes físicos etc, além de promover práticas educativas de socialização em/para construção cultural e cotidiana dos direitos humanos através destas atividades no Brasil e no exterior. É na história contada e cantada, aqui representadas pelas master narratives (eixos de construção da identidade da capoeira e dos capoeiras), que a capoeira se reelabora, se reconverte, assume novos significados nos diálogos com as culturas hegemônicas e as contra-hegemônicas dentro dos processos de hibridização no mundo globalizado. Estes processos nos conduzem na construção daquilo que Falcão (2004) define como capoeira contemporânea, uma capoeira múltipla, em movimento, que, através da volta-ao-mundo socializa e sociabiliza com outros sujeitos e grupos sociais e que não sobrevive, enquanto identidade essencializada e aistórica, às imagens construídas sobre a origem e estabilizadas por um mestre ou um grupo. O nosso estudo busca caminhos através da aproximação entre os direitos e a capoeira para a concretização do respeito universal pela dignidade humana e a construção da concepção intercultural das políticas emancipatórias dos direitos humanos.

This study examines how masculinity is portrayed in podcasts. Our original material consisted of four episodes of C/o Hannah & Amanda and four episodes of Filip & Fredrik's podcast. We analyzed the programs both individually and in comparison to each other. Using a rhetorical analysis, we found that the perception of men in the podcasts conforms to societal norms. The theoretical basis underlying our analysis can be expected to strengthen our findings and made us also realize that the image of masculinity is constantly evolving.

Résumé : Ce mémoire propose d’étudier les représentations de la masculinité dans les productions cinématographiques post-apocalyptiques. Il consiste plus précisément en une analyse qualitative de contenu qui cible six films et trois séries télévisées, tous réalisés depuis les événements du 11 septembre 2001. Partant du principe que la masculinité hégémonique peut être définie comme le modèle actuel de masculinité idéalisée et imposée, ce mémoire cherche à dégager quels traits de personnalité sont valorisés et lesquels sont dévalués. Les résultats montrent que les représentations de la masculinité sont encore conservatrices : les personnages masculins occupent des rôles plus importants que les personnages féminins et les leaders des groupes restreints sont généralement des hommes blancs, hétérosexuels et âgés de 35 à 44 ans. Cependant, les personnages masculins possèdent une grande variété de traits de personnalités, un changement considérable par rapport aux caractéristiques stéréotypées du Action Hero. / Abstract : The following study pursue an analysis of the various representations of masculinity in post-apocalyptic movies and TV-series. It consists more precisely of a qualitative content analysis, which focus on six movies and three TV-Series pilots, all produced since September 11th 2001. Assuming that hegemonic masculinity can be defined as the current model of imposed and idealized masculinity, this paper seeks to identify which personality traits are valued and which ones are devalued. The results show that the representations of masculinity are still conservative: the male characters occupy more important roles than female characters and leaders of small groups are usually white, heterosexual men aged 35 to 44 years. However, the male characters have a variety of personality traits, a considerable change from the stereotypical characteristics of the Action Hero.

This paper discusses three aspects: heteronormativity, the gender stereotypes and attitudes towards gender that can be found in teaching materials for reading in the Spanish subject at upper secondary level in Sweden. The corpus for this study is a selection of anthologies and novels that are published in the Spanish language in Sweden. In order to identify heteronormativity, gender stereotypes and attitudes towards gender of the characters and narrators, the corpus is examined according to a number of variables such as sex, age, marital status, social class, and nationality, as well as theories and concepts such as hegemonic masculinity, androcentricity, homosociality, sexist attitudes (misogyny and misandry), the gender contract and binary opposition systems. The data will be presented in both quantitative and qualitative terms, and the outcome of this analysis will highlight the presence of gender stereotypes where the presence of female characters is minimal while the dominant presence of male characters establishes the norm, so that it is the stories of male characters that describe the world. Female characters do not participate in the public sphere; they are represented as mothers, sisters or daughters. They are seen as sexual objects who do not have a voice. Nevertheless, few cases of sexism (misogyny and misandry) are found in the corpus, and there are even cases of transgression that weaken the stereotype of the submissive woman, as well as cases of transgression where men express their feelings.

Margaret Atwood’s novel Surfacing has received considerable critical attention on the issue of “a positive female identity” in a patriarchal society. However, given Atwood’s own stress on the fact that the novel is about the ways both genders work in relation to each other, this criticism has lacked in scrutiny of the novel’s male characters. With a relational approach to the female and male characters, this thesis argues that while creating a positive identity for its female protagonist, the novel effectively creates a rather negative one for its male characters. In order to examine certain sets of relations and the qualities which represent the most honored way of being a man in the novel, I apply the concept of “hegemonic masculinity,” which can be understood as the pattern of practices that explain male domination over women. It is indeed this hegemonic masculinity that the Surfacer rejects in her quest for emancipation. By looking at the hegemonic masculinity in Surfacing, I argue that the novel depicts very typically patriarchal characters in Joe and David and that the society is typically patriarchal. The thesis is divided into three main sections, each examining the most important sets of relations concerning Atwood’s female emancipation. First, I analyze hegemonic structures in the world of the protagonist, including the issues of power, emancipation, and complicity. Then I look into the sexual division of labor to show that the characters assume their default roles without much reflection. Finally, I scrutinize the characters’ relation to the Symbolic and how it affects their sense of identity. In each section, the analyses show that the male characters are reduced to tropes who only serve one function: to be stereotypically oppressive, patriarchal figures in order to facilitate the protagonist’s positive change and empowerment. I argue that Atwood’s failure to imagine male emancipation somewhat taints the development of female identity because the female emancipation becomes arrested.

This thesis investigates how hegemonic white masculinity adopts a new mode of material accumulation by entering into an ambivalent existence as a historical agent and metahistory at the same time and continues to function as a performative identity that offers a point of identification for the working class white man suggesting that bourgeois identity is obtainable through the performance of bourgeois ethics. The thesis postulates that the phenomenal transitions brought on by industrialization and deindustrialization of 50's through 90's coincide with the representational changes of white masculinity from paradigmatic cowboy incarnations to the postmodern action heroes, specifically as embodied by Bruce Willis. The thesis also examines how postmodern heroes' "intero-alterity" is further problematized by antiheroes in Tim Burton's films.

Thèse réalisée en co-tutelle à l'Université de Montréal et de Paris Sud / Ce travail de thèse traite de la construction des masculinités par des athlètes investis dans une carrière sportive de haut niveau. Notre enquête s’appuie sur des observations ethnographiques durant les entraînements et sur des entretiens (n=48) réalisés avec des athlètes (n=38) et entraineurs (n=10) dans un Pôle Espoir de handball (n=8), de rugby (n=13) et dans un Pôle France de boxe française (n=13), de patinage artistique dans la catégorie individuelle (n=11), ainsi que dans trois clubs au Québec (n=3). Un premier apport de cette thèse réside dans la mise en relation entre deux cadres théoriques utilisés respectivement en sociologie du sport de langue anglaise et française. Nous avons analysé nos données en utilisant les concepts — d’ordre de genre, de régime de genre et de masculinité hégémonique — développés par Raewyn Connell et ceux de — champ, d’habitus et de capital — développés par Pierre Bourdieu. Nous avons proposé de considérer que le champ sportif est régi par une forme de masculinité hégémonique. Cette dernière se définirait comme une configuration idéale d’appartenances, de dispositions et de capitaux, propice à assurer la re-productivité des agents dans le jeu social. Nous avons vu que cette forme était malléable. Il existe une pluralité de masculinités hégémoniques en relation avec le régime de genre spécifique à chaque discipline et plus précisément avec l’ordre de genre local ancré géographiquement et institutionnellement. Un deuxième apport de cette thèse réside dans l’étude du processus d’hybridation des masculinités en relation avec la multiplication des exigences institutionnelles. En rupture avec une conception essentialiste de la masculinité hégémonique, nous relevons que cette dernière se caractérise par la pluralité de ces facettes et par sa plasticité. Les athlètes les plus conformes à la forme hégémonique dans leur discipline développent une capacité à entrer dans des registres dispositionnels variés, voire contrastés. Ils sont toujours plus aptes au combat, mais plus fins dans les usages de la violence et de leur corps, qu’ils apprennent à gérer comme un capital (esthétique, hygiénique). Par ailleurs, ils mettent à distance l’expression de sexisme et d’homophobie, ce qui ne permet pas pour autant de remettre en question l’inégale valeur des sexes, des genres et des sexualités dans le champ sportif / This thesis examines the construction of masculinities by athletes invested in a high-level sporting career. Our investigation is based on ethnographic observations during sports training and interviews (n = 48) conducted with athletes (n = 38) and coaches (n = 10) in a Pole Espoir of handball (n = 8) of rugby (n = 13) and in a Pole France of french boxing (n = 13), in two Poles France of ice skating in the individual category (n = 11), and in three clubs at Quebec (n = 3). The first contribution of this thesis lies in the linkage between the two theoretical frameworks used in Sport Sociology respectively in English and French language. We analyzed our data using the concepts - gender order, gender regime and hegemonic masculinity - developed by Raewyn Connell and those - field, habitus and capital - developed by Pierre Bourdieu. We proposed to consider that the sports field is governed by a form of hegemonic masculinity. This form would be defined as an ideal configuration of affiliations, dispositions and capital favourable to promote the re-productivity of agents in the social game. We have seen that this form was malleable. There is a plurality of hegemonic masculinities in relation to specific gender regime of each discipline and more precisely with the local gender order which is geographically and institutionally anchored. The second contribution of this thesis lies in the study of the process of masculinities hybridization in relation to the increase of institutional requirements. Contrary to an essentialist conception of hegemonic masculinity, we note that this latter is characterized by the plurality of its facets and its plasticity. The athletes, who are the most conform to the hegemonic form in their discipline, develop a capacity to enter into a variety or mixed dispositional uses. They are always more "fit for fighting", but more subtle in the uses of violence and their bodies, that they learn to manage as a capital (aesthetic, hygienic). In addition, they put away the expression of sexism and homophobia, which still does not really allow reconsidering the unequal value of sexes, genders and sexualities in sports field.

This paper examines the influence of the dominant masculine-hegemonic ideology and gender- compliance on agenda setting and framing texts in the context of a healthy diet, respectively vegetarianism, which is considered a healthy alternative if this diet is balanced. With reference to the already existing academic work on the topic of health discourse in the context of patriarchal ideology, this thesis aims to uncover through discourse analysis of texts in Czech lifestyle magazines for men and for women latent and subtle ideological structures supporting the social status quo and at the same time reveal the influence of the social construction of masculinity and femininity to the discourse of vegetarianism.

Food consumption plays an important role for future sustainable livelihoods and, in particular, the vegan diet is becoming increasingly popular among consumers of different societies. Understanding how people change their food habits is a major research quest and there is growing interest in the role of social media sites since these are important platforms for visual presentation online where individuals can influence others. This article investigates how vegan ‘men’ present themselves on the social media network Instagram. Drawing on the analytical framework of ‘hegemonic masculinity’, the study examines what values these individuals visually portray online. By conducting a content analysis of 600 top-posts that appear under the hashtag #veganmen, narratives are examined for what they convey and how certain ‘masculine’ perceptions are re-shaped or reinforced. The findings reveal the visual significance of ‘masculine’ self-presentation by vegan ‘men’ over other narratives that portray values of sustainability, compassion and empathy. Nonetheless, this narrative of ‘masculine’ self-presentation can still be understood as an attempt to motivate other individuals to embrace a plant-based diet and thereby contribute to change towards more ‘sustainable’ food consumption habits.