Coetzee's own experience of living in apartheid South Africa provides the backdrop for novels infused with sardonic irony and rich metaphoric systems. In modes of metafiction that emphasize the destructive and violent nature of language, he optimizes his unique oeuvre to interrogate global, national and domestic power relations. This dissertation relies on psychoanalytical theories that examine microstructures of power within the individual, and in his domestic domain. Each of Coetzee's chief protagonists carries a secret related to a dysfunctional mother/son relationship. This hampers their psychosocial dynamics, their masculinity and sexuality. As they respectively strive toward an elusive new life they confront patriarchal power structures that speak on behalf of individuals, '[whose] descent into powerlessness [is] voluntary' (Coetzee 2007: 4-5). Coetzee's constructed white males perform their several identity roles in milieux that span divergent phases of colonial history. His critique points to white patriarchal hegemonic ideological discourses that bespeak the self/other dichotomy in a postcolonial world where the language of dominance supports an oppressive status quo. / English Studies / M.A. (English)

A surge of "masculinity in crisis" discourse suggests that men are primarily responsible for lawlessness, social mayhem, violence and other forms of psycho- and socio-pathology. This crisis is attributed, in part, to hegemonic models of masculinity which restrict men to certain modes of behaviour and specific roles in society. This study investigates the content of a group of South African adolescent males' cognitive schemata for masculinity and gender roles. A qualitative mode of enquiry was used to identify the beliefs held by participants about manhood and gender roles. The findings of this study affirm that a hegemonic model of masculinity exists is the sub-culture of South African society represented by the participants and suggests that hegemonic masculinity in South African is both restrictive and damaging to men and society. / Psychology / M. A. (Psychology)

Erst recht spät, durch Impulse der internationalen Forschung in den 1980er Jahren, etablierte sich in den deutschsprachigen Ländern ab den 1990er Jahren eine Männlichkeitsforschung innerhalb der Soziologie. Besonders wirkmächtig wurde dabei Connells Konzept der hegemonialen Männlichkeit. Männlichkeit wird hierbei als plural und variabel theoretisiert und konsequent mit einem Macht- und Herrschaftskonzept verbunden. Die Männlichkeitssoziologie thematisiert unter anderem (Prekarisierung der) Erwerbsarbeit, Sozialisation, Gewalt, Familie und Reproduktion aber auch neuere Felder der Geschlechtersoziologie wie Heteronormativität, Migration oder Körper.

Ausgehend von einem sozialkonstruktivistischen, pragmatisch-kognitiven Verständnis von Namen untersucht die Studie die diskriminierenden Wahrnehmungen, die über Personen-namen in Deutschland und Schweden aufgerufen werden. Durch Anwendung der kritischen Theorien und Zugänge der Black Feminist, Postcolonial, Postmigrant, Trans und Disability Studies auf Namensdiskurse werden gegenwärtige sowie historische hegemoniale Normen dekonstruiert. Mit Hilfe des durch intersektionale Machtverhältnisse konstituierten Dispositivmodells wird die Intelligibilität von Personennamen zur Diskussion gestellt. Vergewohnheitung (accustoming) als neues analytisches Konzept macht nachvollziehbar, wie hegemoniales Wissen zu Namensgebung auf strukturalistische und essentialisierende Weise erworben und internalisiert wird. Die Analyse administrativer und legislativer Diskurse zeigt, wie hegemoniale Namensnormen historisch und institutionell vergewohnheitet wurden. Dass ein Personenname institutionell auch durch individuelle Wahrnehmung bestimmt wird, illustriert die Analyse des ‚Kindeswohl‘, einem zentralen Argument für Namensentscheidungen auf Standesämtern. Ein weiteres Beispiel für die Rechtfertigung ent_wahrgenommener diskriminierender Namenspraktiken ist das Sprachgefühlkonzept, dessen Verwendung daraufhin untersucht wird, inwiefern es nationalistische Vorstellungen des Eigenen und des Anderen aufruft. Schließlich wird die An- und Aberkennung von Menschsein als Konsequenz diskriminierender Namenshandlungen adressiert. Eine Sammlung empowernder Interventionen in diskriminierende Namenspraktiken sowie Empfehlungen für eine kontra_diskriminierende, antistrukturalistische Wahrnehmung von Personennamen runden die Studie ab. Mit ihrem transdisziplinären Ansatz veranschaulicht die Arbeit, wie disziplinäre Grenzen überschritten und Diskursfelder und -materialien, die traditionellerweise in den Rechts-, Geschichts-, Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaften analysiert werden, in die Genderforschung integriert werden können. / Based on a social constructivist, pragmatic cognitive understanding of naming, the study investigates the discriminatory hegemonic presuppositions and perceptions that are interpellated with personal names in Germany and Sweden. The critical lens of Black Feminist, Postcolonial, Postmigrant, Critical Trans and Disability Studies is applied in order to deconstruct current and past hegemonic naming norms. By regarding the un/intelligibility of names as constituted by intersecting power relations, racism_genderism_ableism_migratism_ classism, the dispositive model helps to identify what personal names and naming practices are made un/thinkable. Accustoming is introduced as an analytic tool to understand how hegemonic knowledge on naming is acquired and internalized in a structuralist and essentializing way. The analysis of administrative and legislative discourses demonstrates how hegemonic naming norms have been historically and institutionally accustomed. That a personal name is not only determined by institutional but also by individual decision-making is illustrated on the example of the child’s well-being, a commonly used argument for name decisions at registry offices. The feel for language as another norm to justify de_perceived name discrimination is analyzed against the background of how sprachgefühl as an emotive concept interpellates nationalist images of the self and the Other. The final chapter addresses the consequences of discriminatory naming practices: the definition and denial of personhood. The study concludes with a collection of empowering interventions in discriminatory naming practices and recommendations for a contra_ discriminatory anti-structuralist perception of personal names. By employing a transdisciplinary approach, the study illustrates how disciplinary boundaries are transgressed and how different discourse areas and material that traditionally are investigated in law, history, linguistics and literature is integrated in Gender Studies research.

A surge of "masculinity in crisis" discourse suggests that men are primarily responsible for lawlessness, social mayhem, violence and other forms of psycho- and socio-pathology. This crisis is attributed, in part, to hegemonic models of masculinity which restrict men to certain modes of behaviour and specific roles in society. This study investigates the content of a group of South African adolescent males' cognitive schemata for masculinity and gender roles. A qualitative mode of enquiry was used to identify the beliefs held by participants about manhood and gender roles. The findings of this study affirm that a hegemonic model of masculinity exists is the sub-culture of South African society represented by the participants and suggests that hegemonic masculinity in South African is both restrictive and damaging to men and society. / Psychology / M. A. (Psychology)

Text in English / Guided by Connell’s social constructionist theory of hegemonic masculinity, in a study conducted at a township primary school in Gauteng East, I explored the way boys in Grade 7 interact with each other and girls, as a well as the way in which they understand the world around them in the context of gender relations. A purposive sampling method was used to select boys and girls to participate in this qualitative study. A total of 30 research participants, 17 boys and 13 girls, took part in this study. The methodology included the use of individual diaries and focus groups to solicit information and observe gender relations in boys and girls in the construction of masculinity. Masculinity in this study was constructed through power relations. The themes identified when analysing the social relationships between boys and girls were sexuality, the sturdy boy, homosociality, sex roles, defying authority and the comedian. / Sociology / M.A. (Sociology)

Coetzee's own experience of living in apartheid South Africa provides the backdrop for novels infused with sardonic irony and rich metaphoric systems. In modes of metafiction that emphasize the destructive and violent nature of language, he optimizes his unique oeuvre to interrogate global, national and domestic power relations. This dissertation relies on psychoanalytical theories that examine microstructures of power within the individual, and in his domestic domain. Each of Coetzee's chief protagonists carries a secret related to a dysfunctional mother/son relationship. This hampers their psychosocial dynamics, their masculinity and sexuality. As they respectively strive toward an elusive new life they confront patriarchal power structures that speak on behalf of individuals, '[whose] descent into powerlessness [is] voluntary' (Coetzee 2007: 4-5). Coetzee's constructed white males perform their several identity roles in milieux that span divergent phases of colonial history. His critique points to white patriarchal hegemonic ideological discourses that bespeak the self/other dichotomy in a postcolonial world where the language of dominance supports an oppressive status quo. / English Studies / M.A. (English)

Cette recherche porte sur la présence d'une fondation philanthropique dans l'émergence des nouvelles sciences et technologies dans un pays non hégémonique : le cas de la Fondation Mexique – Etats-Unis pour la Science (FUMEC) dans l'émergence des micro et nanotechnologies au Mexique. Ce travail de recherche part d'une série d'observations des dynamiques du développement de ces technologies émergentes dans ce pays. Lors de ces observations, il a été noté une forte présence de la FUMEC dans ces processus et ceci a attiré l'attention de cette recherche sur les fonctions accomplies par cette fondation. Cette thèse questionne la modélisation des relations des acteurs traditionnellement pris en compte dans les processus des changements technologiques (Etat, université et industrie), car les organismes philanthropiques ont été négligés dans les études sur les changements technologiques. Ce travail propose donc d'élargir l'éventail des acteurs à prendre en compte dans les modèles théoriques de ces études ; il s'agit de prendre en compte les organismes philanthropiques et non gouvernementaux comme des acteurs centraux. Tout au long de ce texte, la thèse montre l'importance de la place et de l'action de la FUMEC dans l'installation des infrastructures, la création de réseaux scientifiques, la formation des ressources humaines, le transfert des connaissances, la commercialisation et la dissémination de la technologie des micro-systèmes au Mexique. L'analyse des fonctions et des actions des organismes philanthropiques dans ces processus ne confirme pas seulement l'importance de tels organismes dans les changements technologiques, mais il signale également leur influence sur les politiques scientifique et technologique dans les pays non hégémoniques / This doctoral thesis deals with the presence of a philanthropic foundation in the emergence of new sciences and technologies in a non-hegemonic country. The case of the United States – Mexico Foundation for Science (FUMEC) in the emergence of micro and nanotechnology in Mexico. This research work, part of a series of observations on the development dynamics of these emerging technologies in this country. During these observations, it has been pointed out a strong presence of the FUMEC in this has attracted the attention of this research on the functions performed by the foundation in these processes. This doctoral thesis questions the modeling of relations actors, traditionally taken into account in the processes of technological change (State, University and Industry), as philanthropic organizations have not been considered in the studies of technological change. This research proposed to extend the range of actors to take into account in theoretical models in these studies. In other words, this thesis proposes to take into account the non-governmental and philanthropic organizations as central players in technological changes. Throughout the text, this work shows the importance of the position and action of the FUMEC in the installation of infrastructure, creation of scientific networks, human resources training, knowledge transfer, commercialization and dissemination of microsystems technology in Mexico. The analysis of the philanthropic organizations functions and actions in these processes not only confirms the importance of these organisms, but also highlights the influence of these organisms in scientific and technological policies in non-hegemonic countries / Esta investigación de la tesis de doctorado trata sobre la presencia de una fundación filantrópica en la emergencia de nuevas ciencias y tecnologías en un país no hegemónico: el caso de la Fundación México – Estados Unidos por la Ciencia(FUMEC) en la emergencia de las micro y Nanotecnologías en México. Este trabajo de investigación, parte de una serie de observaciones de las dinámicas del desarrollo de estas tecnologías emergentes en este país. Durante estasobservaciones, ha sido señalada una fuerte presencia de la FUMEC y esto ha llamado la atención de esta investigación sobre las funciones desempeñadas por esta fundación en estos procesos. Esta tesis doctoral cuestiona la modelización de las relaciones de los actores tradicionalmente tomados en cuenta en los procesos de cambios tecnológicos (Estado, Universidad e Industria), ya que los organismos filantrópicos no han sido considerados. Este trabajo de investigación propone entonces ampliar el abanico de actores a tomar en cuenta en los modelos teóricos en estos estudios. En otras palabras, propone tomar en cuenta los organismos filantrópicos y no gubernamentales como actores centrales en los cambios tecnológicos. A lo largo del texto, la tesis muestra la importancia de la posición y de la acción de la FUMEC en la instalación de infraestructuras, la creación de redes científicas, la formación de recursos humanos, la transferencia de conocimientos, la comercialización y la diseminación de la tecnología de los microsistemas en México. El análisis de las funciones y de las acciones de los organismos filantrópicos en estos procesos no confirma solamente la importancia de este tipo de organismos, sino que también resalta la influencia de estos organismos en las políticas científica y tecnológica en los países no hegemónicos

This research examines how the practice of curating has been used to further counter-hegemonic agendas in public art institutions since 1989. The central aim is to provide a fuller, contextualised, and medium specific understanding of the how the institutional exhibition might be used to challenge the hegemony of neoliberalism and the post-political consensus politics that sustains its dominance. It provides insights, through both historic case studies and reflective practice, that problematise the idea that the institutional art exhibition is a viable medium for counter-hegemonic critique, or represents the ideal space for the development of an agonistic public discourse. This thesis presents collaborative research undertaken with Tate Liverpool and Liverpool John Moores University. The research presented both extrapolated from, and contributed to, the development of an exhibition, co-curated with Tate Liverpool, entitled Art Turning Left (8 November 2013 – 2 February 2014) and a supplementary publication of the same name. The first section investigates how the idea that curators can counter neoliberal dominance, through institutional exhibition-making, developed. It draws from analyses of previous exhibitions, and the theory of Chantal Mouffe, in order to critically evaluate the curatorial application of counter-hegemonic critique and agonistic practice. It also provides a review of how exhibitions (held in major art institutions since 1989) have articulated politics, in order to determine their relationship to neoliberal dominance, and to identify significant gaps in the dialogue facilitated by these institutions. These analyses provides the theoretical and contextual grounding for the final two chapters, which provide a rationale and critical evaluation of my own attempt to develop an alternative counter-hegemonic curatorial strategy for the exhibition at Tate Liverpool. They document, and analyse, the areas of dissensus, and the ideological and pragmatic limitations that emerged, in trying to realise these theoretical propositions (in practice) in a public art museum. The thesis therefore provides a critical framework for the development of an alternative practice that positions the exhibition as a form of post-political critique and specifically targets the hegemonic role that institutional exhibitions play in reinforcing class distinctions and devaluing nonprofessional creativity.

Erst recht spät, durch Impulse der internationalen Forschung in den 1980er Jahren, etablierte sich in den deutschsprachigen Ländern ab den 1990er Jahren eine Männlichkeitsforschung innerhalb der Soziologie. Besonders wirkmächtig wurde dabei Connells Konzept der hegemonialen Männlichkeit. Männlichkeit wird hierbei als plural und variabel theoretisiert und konsequent mit einem Macht- und Herrschaftskonzept verbunden. Die Männlichkeitssoziologie thematisiert unter anderem (Prekarisierung der) Erwerbsarbeit, Sozialisation, Gewalt, Familie und Reproduktion aber auch neuere Felder der Geschlechtersoziologie wie Heteronormativität, Migration oder Körper.