Background: Puerto Ricans experience high prevalence of type 2 diabetes (diabetes). Stress is a risk factor for diabetes. The allostatic load (AL) model explains how stress influences disease through a chain of physiological changes. Puerto Ricans experience psychological and physiological (obesity and high glycemic load (GL)) stressors linked with diabetes, yet how these stressors impact the AL chain and how their interplay affects glucose metabolism remains unknown. Methods: Using data from the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study, this thesis sought to examine: 1) the relationship between GL and primary AL markers, 2) the interaction between perceived stress and GL on HbA1c, and if primary AL markers mediate this interaction, and 3) the interaction between change in weight and in perceived stress on HbA1c. Results: 1) GL change over 2 years was associated with increases in primary AL markers in women. 2) Women with high perceived stress and high GL had higher HbA1c and primary AL markers did not mediate this interaction. 3) In women, there was an interaction between change in weight and perceived stress on HbA1c over 2 years, with the effect of weight change on HbA1c being greater with increases in perceived stress. None of these associations were observed in men. Conclusion: This study partially confirms the AL model in Puerto Rican women but not in men. It provides data to inform intervention targets to prevent and manage diabetes in Puerto Rican women and identifies women at high risk of diabetes in this minority group.

Covid-19 har påverkat samhället på flertal olika sätt. Med uppmaningar och råd om social distansering kan sådant som tidigare varit vardagliga aktiviteter bli alltmer svårt att genomföra. Denna pandemi har orsakat att många hellre utför sina träningspass hemifrån och under en sådan period kan det behövas alternativa sätt att få träningsinstruktioner på. Augmented Reality är ett sätt att förstärka användarens verklighet. Genom att nyttja kamerateknologi som reflekterar det användaren ser kompletterar systemet samtidigt den bilden, vanligtvis med 3D modeller. Denna teknik har tidigare använts inom områden som visualisering av information och instruktioner. Flertal studier som gjorts inom Augmented Reality och instruktioner har använt enheter som är mindre tillgängliga för allmänheten. Dessa enheter är exempelvis digitala glasögon eller AR headset. En mer konkret studie på mobilbaserad AR hade behövts göras inom ett område som träningsinstruktioner, vilket kräver fokus både på den mobila enheten och verkligheten på ett annat sätt än vad som hade behövt om användaren burit glasögon eller headset.  Denna studie utforskar Augmented Reality kopplat till träningsinstruktioner i en egenskapad (skapad av oss) mobilbaserad applikationsprototyp med ett fokus påinteraktiv design utifrån instruktionsstruktur och heuristiker inom användbarhet. För att utföra detta användes primärt Cognitive Load Theory som ett ramverk både för skapandet av prototypens instruktionsmaterial och i analysen samt besvarandet av forskningsfrågorna. I studien utfördes användartester på sammanlagt sju deltagare. Resultatet visade attAugmented Reality i en mobilbaserad prototyp har potential. Däremot finns det problematik som är viktigt att ha i åtanke vid design av AR, instruktionsstruktur och det grafiska gränssnittet. I allmänhet handlar dessa om markörbaserad teknik, interaktioner i koppling till fysiska handlingar och hur lätt det är att ta in instruktionerna baserat på dess struktur och prototypens gränssnitt / Covid-19 has affected society as we know it in many ways. Social distancing has been called for and this has caused daily activities that once were prominent to become harder to perform. During a period, such as this, alternative methods for training instructions would then be more searched out for. Augmented Reality is a technology which can be used to enhance the user’s world. This is accomplished by using camera technology in synchronization with other technologies to affect the camera and therefore the users view. Which for example could be via 3D models to enhance the world. This technology has been used in other studies with the focus of instructional material and physical training. However, these studies have often used such equipment that is not commonly available, and more concrete research about the use of a mobile based Augmented Reality application with the purpose of visualizing training instructions would be needed. As the interaction with a mobile unit varies a lot in contrast to that with a headset or glasses. This study investigates Augmented Reality in connection to training instructions by using a mobile based prototype with focus on how to design based on instructional structure and usability heuristics. The study has primarily used cognitive load theory as a framework for the prototypes instructional design but also in the analysis and the methods used to answer the research questions. The study conducted user tests with seven participants in total. The result showed that Augmented Reality in a mobile based prototype has potential. However, there are problems that you must think about when designing for AR, instructional structure and the graphical interface. In general, it is about marker based Augmented Reality, interactions with the graphical interface while doing physical actions and the ease of understanding instructions based on structure and graphical user interface.

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Master´s thesis is based on analysis and design of a load-bearing structure of multifunctional house. The main load-bearing elements in the vertical direction are the monolithic reinforced walls and the main load-bearing elements in the horizontal direction are monolithic reinforced concrete plates. The connection of individual floors is made of monolithic reinforced concrete staircases. The foundation of the building is realized through a system of strips foundation. Design drawings are made to selected elements of the structure.

By submitting my thesis I designed three variants of the steel construction of the motor show. The ground dimensions of the entire structure are 56 x 40 m. The building eaches a height of 21 m above the surrounding terrain. The object is the administrative part of the rectangular ground plan and the exhibition space of the perimeter ground plan. The circular part is a covered dome. Variants differ in design of the radial arc cross section in the dome cover. Part of the main structural elements. The winning variant includes a solution of selected details elaboration of detailed drawings of solved connections and creation of workshop documentation of the selected work.

The main aim of my master´s thesis was to design a load-bearing steel structure of the lookout tower situated in Brno-Kohoutovice. The height of the load-bearing structure is 35.5 m. My design comprises two different engineering solutions. Solution A is a lattice space frame whereas Solution B works with continuous columns with vertical bracing. For further development, Solution A has been chosen. The proposed structural material is the S355 steel. My thesis includes an engineering report, a statics analysis and drawing documentation.

The aim of this diploma thesis is a design of two versions of bearing roof construction of the athletic stadium in Brno and a smaller side roofing of changing rooms. The building has rectangular plan of dimension 67 x 102 m and the side construction has also rectangular plan of dimension 61x 8 m. The minimum height is given by requirements of various athletic sports. Material used for the main construction is steel strength class S355 and for the side construction it is steel strength class S235. All the calculations are according to valid norms ČSN EN.

This master thesis deals with the landing gear rebuild from tail gear to nose gear of the M-4 Irbis aircraft. The first chapter presents the aircraft in its current state and includes some technical data, too. The theoretical information about types of landing gears, its characteristics, pros and cons and the typical representatives for each type of landing gear are mentioned in the second chapter. The third chapter is about landing gear loads that occur during landing and about the load calculation according to UL 2 regulation. The following chapter shows the construction of the new landing gear, including some of the suggested, but not realised, designs. In the fifth chapter, there is a landing gear strength calculation of some of the gear components. The calculation is analytical and then uses FEM. The very last chapter then shows the effect of new landing gear on the centre of gravity in its extreme positions. The chapter also compares aircraft masses with both landing gears.

An accurate estimate of the mass of a passenger vehicle is important for several safety systems and environmental aspects. In this thesis, an algorithm for estimating the mass of a passenger vehicle using the recursive least squares methodis presented. The algorithm is based on a physical model of the vehicle and is designed to be able to run in real-time onboard a vehicle and uses the wheel torque signal calculated in the electrical control unit in the engine. Therefore no estimation of the powertrain is needed. This is one contribution that distinguishes this thesis from previous work on the same topic, which has used the engine torque. The benefit of this is that no estimation of the dynamics in the powertrain is needed. The drawback of using this method is that the algorithm is dependenton the accuracy of the estimation done in the engine electrical control unit. Two different versions of the recursive least squares method (RLS) have been developed - one with a single forgetting factor and one with two forgetting factors. The estimation performance of the two versions are compared on several different real-world driving scenarios, which include driving on country roads, highways, and city roads, and different loads in the vehicle. The algorithm with a single forgetting factor estimates the mass with an average error for all tests of 4.42% and the algorithm with multiple forgetting factors estimates the mass with an average error of 4.15 %, which is in line with state-of-the-art algorithms that are presented in other studies. In a sensitivity analysis, it is shown that the algorithms are robust to changes in the drag coefficient. The single forgetting factor algorithm is robust to changes in the rolling resistance coefficient whereas the multiple forgetting factor algorithm needs the rolling resistance coefficient to be estimated with fairly good accuracy. Both versions of the algorithm need to know the wheel radius with an accuracy of 90 %. The results show that the algorithms estimate the mass accurately for all three different driving scenarios and estimate highway roads best with an average error of 2.83 % and 2.69 % for the single forgetting factor algorithm and the multiple forgetting factor algorithm, respectively. The results indicate it is possible to use either algorithm in a real-world scenario, where the choice of which algorithm depends on sought-after robustness.

The main aim of this master´s thesis is design and Cheb load-carrying steel structure of railway station in two variatons. A given object is situated in Ústí nad Orlicí.The steel structure is created by central nave, his dimensions is 30,0 x 30,0 m, and two secondary naves and his dimensions is 18,0 x 18,0 m.The central nave is two-storey height 12,4 m and secondary nave is single-storey height 5,5 m. Carrying building systém is created croos-column links, which are composed pipes. Cross-links are saved on fixed columns. The calculation was done through the use of Scia Engineer 2008 program and by myself alone.