In 1719, Daniel Defoe wrote his first fiction The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe without knowing that the protagonist of the novel, Robinson Crusoe, would be liberated from his cultural matrix and deployed as a dominant economic metaphor with the advent of the so-called marginalist revolution in the second half of the nineteenth century. This thesis intends to: i) with reference to an habits of thought approach, unearth the institutional nature of the metamorphosis of Crusoe from a figure of the literary realm to the economic man of neoclassical economics, and ii) based on a rereading of Defoe&rsquo / s original text, offer an alternative reinterpretation which would turn upside down the prevalent presuppositions of neoclassical economics portraying an isolated, universal and axiomatically rational Crusoe. Accordingly, in this study, Crusoe is presented as a specific time- and space-bound human being preserving and perpetuating his institutionally forged character traits even during his sojourn on the &lsquo / institution-free&rsquo / uninhabited island / a methodological and expeditious man, whose rationality was based not on the fulfillment of axioms but on reasoning / and an entrepreneur aiming at economic development through innovation.

Description logics (DL) knowledge bases are often build by users with expertise in the application domain, but little expertise in logic. To support this kind of users when building their knowledge bases a number of extension methods have been proposed to provide the user with concept descriptions as a starting point for new concept definitions. The inference service central to several of these approaches is the computation of (least) common subsumers of concept descriptions. In case disjunction of concepts can be expressed in the DL under consideration, the least common subsumer (lcs) is just the disjunction of the input concepts. Such a trivial lcs is of little use as a starting point for a new concept definition to be edited by the user. To address this problem we propose two approaches to obtain "meaningful" common subsumers in the presence of disjunction tailored to two different methods to extend DL knowledge bases. More precisely, we devise computation methods for the approximation-based approach and the customization of DL knowledge bases, extend these methods to DLs with number restrictions and discuss their efficient implementation.

Durch die europaweite Liberalisierung der Strommärkte entsteht ein zunehmend liquider Binnenmarkt für Strom. Auf einem liberalisierten Markt ist ein enger Zusammenhang zwischen Preisen und Grenzkosten zu erwarten, diese werden in der Stromerzeugung im wesentlichen durch den Einsatz von Primärenergieträgern verursacht. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das German Electricity Market Model (GEMM) vorgestellt, das den deutschen Strommarkt in seiner Interaktion mit den Strommärkten anderer europäischer Staaten modelliert. In GEMM werden Stromangebot und -nachfrage verschiedener europäischer Regionen genauso wie die Transportkapazitäten zwischen diesen Regionen über mehrere Zeitschritte abgebildet und in ein lineares Optimierungsproblem übersetzt. Mit Hilfe einer Optimierungsrechnung können anschließend die Auswirkungen von Veränderungen der Preise der Energieträger Steinkohle, Erdgas und Heizöl auf den Strompreis sowie den Stromaustausch der abgebildeten Regionen simuliert und interpretiert werden.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Darstellungsmöglichkeiten Boolescher Funktionen durch Neuronale Netze untersucht und eine neue Art von Booleschen Neuronalen Netzen (BNN) entwickelt. Das Basiselement Boolescher Neuronaler Netze ist ein neuartiges Boolesches Neuron (BN), das im Gegensatz zum klassischen Neuron direkt mit Booleschen Signalen operiert und dafür ausschließlich Boolesche Operationen benutzt. Für das Training der BNN wurde ein sequentieller Algorithmus erarbeitet, der eine schnelle Konvergenz garantiert und somit eine kurze Trainingzeit benötigt. Dieser Trainingsalgorithmus bildet die Grundlage eines neuen geschaffenen Verfahrens zur Architektursynthese der BNN. Das entwickelte Training stellt darüber hinaus ein spezielles Dekompositionsverfahren Boolescher Funktionen dar. Neuronale Netze können sowohl in Software als auch in Hardware realisiert werden. Der sehr hohe Aufwand der Hardware-Realisierung üblicher Neuronaler Netze wurde durch die Verwendung von BN und BNN wesentlich vereinfacht. Die Anzahl erforderlicher CLBs (configurable logic blocks) zur Realisierung eines Neurons wurde um 2 Größenordnungen verringert. Ein Boolesches Neuron wird direkt auf eine einzige LUT (lookup table) abgebildet. Für diese sehr kompakte Abbildung der BNN in eine FPGA-Struktur wurde der Trainingsalgorithmus des BNN angepasst. Durch die Spezifikation der BNN mit UML-Modellen und die Anwendung der MDA-Technologie zum Hardware/Software-Codesign konnte der Syntheseaufwand für Hardware-Realisierung von BNN signifikant verringert werden.

Scholars and performers have long wondered when and why Beethoven composed an alternative ending to his string quartet, Opus 130. The original, the Grosse Fuge, was an immense and heavy multi-sectioned fugal finale; the second was a much shorter and lighter hybrid sonata-rondo form finale. The second finale was the last substantial piece Beethoven composed and is reminiscent of earlier dance-like 2/4 Allegro finales composed by Beethoven, likely influenced by Haydn. This style is seemingly incongruous with our current understanding of Beethoven’s late style, centered around foreign harmonies and forms, with expansive thematic material. While research on this topic has been extensive, including studies in biography, source material, reception history, and harmonic and formal analysis, it has not led to a fully adequate understanding of this second finale. My study aims to provide a fresh understanding of this movement through the examination and evaluation of the later stages of its composition. The major sections of revision found in the composing score, Berlin, Deutsche Staatsbibliothek, MS Autograph 19c, and the autograph fair copy, Berlin, Deutsche Staatsbibliothek, MS Grasnick 10, are closely studied here for the first time. In order to highlight important steps in the creative process, I have selected four heavily revised areas from each of the sonata-form sections of this movement as shown in both manuscripts. My interpretation of these revisions is based on comparison to parallel sections in both manuscripts and the final version, as shown in transcriptions of these passages from the sketches along with accompanying images of the original pages. For each of these sections, I attempt to suggest the order in which Beethoven made his revisions, and I discuss their formal, thematic and harmonic implications. As a whole, these revisions reveal Beethoven’s concern for economical treatment of thematic material, especially motives from theme 1a, and a concern for playing upon the harmonic and formal expectations of his audience. The voicing of theme 2a in the exposition and recapitulation, and the voicing and texture of theme 1a in the development, the false and authentic recapitulations and the coda are analyzed in terms of momentum, sectional balance, texture, and dramatic tension. I suggest that further study of these sketches and related primary source material might help to revise our notion of Beethoven’s late style.

Diploma thesis Mythological motives in Nikkarin's comics trilogy 130 is one of the few Czech theoretical works that focus on the analysis of myths in contemporary Czech sci-fi comics. It applies semiological analysis to the still-unfinished tetralogy 130 (Odysea, Hodní, zlí a oškliví and Čas hvězdoplavců) by the young artist and writer Nikkarin, aiming to decipher mythological contents and describe the basic theoretical framework for their further exploration. The interpretation of the books is preceded by a section focused on the history of sci-fi comics in the Czech environment. The thesis is based on the hypothesis that the use of myths in the comic series 130 is deliberate. At the same time, the validity of the discovered myths is not limited to sci-fi comics, as they can often be found in other genres and on other platforms. One of the aims of the thesis is to discover such intermedial overlaps. An indispensable part of the diploma thesis is also the reflection of the series 130 in the Czech media, focusing among other things on the ability of the reviewers to decipher the hidden meanings.

This thesis seeks to examine the relationship between occult religion and the global circulation of texts. For some time now, scholars have rejected the secularism thesis or the idea that there has been a decline of religion in the post-Enlightenment period. Today, we largely accept that religion did not actually decline or disappear but, rather, it has changed form. Religion shifted from traditional religious institutions to become an aspect of aesthetic culture, available through the commercial economy. My work explores how the relationship between the book and commercial religion emerged and evolved during the long nineteenth century. Occultism has long been viewed as an aspect of the rise of secular society following the Enlightenment. This thesis proposes a new lens through which we can view the evolution of occultism, seeing it as a response to growth in global networks of empire and the commercialization of religion through the printed word. It explores how the nature of the transmission of occultism shifted, particularly during the final decades of the nineteenth century. Antoine Faivre’s foundational text Access to Western Esotericism (1994) put forward the concept of the transmission of occultism as something that occurs between a disciple and an initiate. My thesis, however, argues that the widening of print activity and literacy expanded the opportunities for initiation into magic to occur more broadly, changing the nature of who could become an initiate. As such, secrecy around magic became redefined. It shifted from being a pursuit of the literate elite to something that was widely available. This analysis is delivered in four chapters. The introduction examines the relationship between literature and nineteenth-century occultism. It also discusses the influence of globalization. Chapter one discusses the occult in post-revolutionary France and the influence of Egyptian orientalism on French occultism. Chapter two addresses Victorian occultism and discusses the context of a growing Victorian literary industry. Chapter three addresses the Theosophical Society as an agent of globalized and commercialized religion. It also addresses the importance of British imperialism in India. Finally, chapter four discusses the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn and the resurgence of Egyptian orientalism and elitism in British occultism.

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Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-06-28T12:49:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LEONARDO HENRIQUE PIACENTE.pdf: 1178258 bytes, checksum: ff6627db41d7b7353cfeec2f755778a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-28T12:49:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LEONARDO HENRIQUE PIACENTE.pdf: 1178258 bytes, checksum: ff6627db41d7b7353cfeec2f755778a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-14 / The encounter of nascent Christianity with classical Greco-Roman culture in the second century AD had points of confluence, dispersion and conjugation. The thought of Irenaeus of Lyons (130-208 AD) in Adversus haereses shows that the relation between Christian religion and classical culture came close to the Christian gnostic groups. These, when evangelized and adept at the good news of Jesus Christ, brought with them their cultural framework, and thus Christianity marked by Jewish customs, was gaining nuances of the diverse cultures, religions, peoples and languages present in the Roman Empire. The research was not intended to value this relation Greco-Roman culture and nascent Christianity, but rather to show the importance and the tensions present in this relation, from the first book of the Demonstration and refutation to the false gnosis. Irenaeus constructed his thought in order to make clear the thinking of the various gnostic groups, in order to refute them, and in the meantime presented a systematization of the Christian faith not yet seen in his time. Its Demonstration and Refutation of the Gnostic theses was not only a way of fighting the controversies that arose in the first centuries of the Church, but was also, as presented in this research, a means of showing the interaction between Christians, especially the thinkers, with The intellectual and cultural environment that they were inserted. As a process of conjugation, Christianity and the classical culture had mutual influences, differences and points in common, in the formation from initial Christian thought. The hermeneutics of the first book of the Adversus haereses, and classical thinking, made it possible to understand and deepen the relationship between culture and religion in the second century AD. / O encontro do cristianismo nascente com a cultura cl?ssica greco-romana, no s?culo II d.C., teve pontos de conflu?ncia, de dispers?o e de conjuga??o. O pensamento de Irineu de Li?o (130-208 d.C) na obra Adversus haereses mostra que a rela??o religi?o crist? e cultura cl?ssica teve uma aproxima??o grande em virtude dos grupos gn?sticos crist?os, que evangelizados e adeptos ? boa nova de Jesus Cristo, traziam consigo seu arcabou?o cultural, sendo assim o cristianismo marcado pelos costumes judaicos, foi ganhando matizes das diversas culturas, religi?es, povos e l?nguas presentes no Imp?rio Romano. A pesquisa n?o pretende valorar esta rela??o cultura greco-romana e cristianismo nascente, mas sim mostrar a import?ncia e as tens?es presentes nessa rela??o, a partir do primeiro livro da Demonstra??o e refuta??o ? falsa gnose. Irineu construiu seu pensamento em busca de tornar claro o pensamento dos diversos grupos gn?sticos, para assim refut?-los, e neste ?nterim apresentou uma sistematiza??o da f? crist? ainda n?o vista no seu tempo. A sua Demonstra??o e Refuta??o das teses gn?sticas, foi n?o s? um caminho de combate ?s controv?rsias, que surgiram nos primeiros s?culos da Igreja, mas tamb?m foi, como apresentado nesta pesquisa, um meio de mostrar a intera??o entre os crist?os, principalmente os pensadores, com o meio intelectual e cultural que estavam inseridos. Como um processo de conjuga??o, o cristianismo e a cultura cl?ssica tiveram influ?ncias m?tuas, diferen?as e pontos em comum, na forma??o desde pensamento crist?o inicial. A hermen?utica do primeiro livro da Adversus haereses, e do pensamento cl?ssico, possibilitou compreender e aprofundar-se na rela??o cultura e religi?o no s?culo II d.C.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-01-16T19:06:55Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Adriana da Silva Santos - 2014.pdf: 3299451 bytes, checksum: 52a612ede01e4713d7dd458d61176fe1 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-01-16T19:07:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Adriana da Silva Santos - 2014.pdf: 3299451 bytes, checksum: 52a612ede01e4713d7dd458d61176fe1 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-16T19:07:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Adriana da Silva Santos - 2014.pdf: 3299451 bytes, checksum: 52a612ede01e4713d7dd458d61176fe1 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-30 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Swine leptospirosis is a worldwide anthropozoonosis caused by spirochetes of the species Leptospira interrogans, predominantly by serovars Pomona, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Taravossi, Canicola Grippotyphosa and Bratislava. Experimental infection were performed in 18 sows at 40 days of age with L. interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Conpenhageni strain Fiocruz L1-130, and serogroup Pomona serovar Kennewicki strain Pomona From divided in groups: GI (control), GII (inoculated with serogroup Pomona) and GIII (inoculated with serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae). Clinical course of the disease, results of serological tests and detection of bacteria by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bacterial isolation during the experiment, were compared between groups. Additionally, the main histological changes observed in brain, liver, lymph nodes, lung and kidney of 12 animals experimentally infected and seropositive for leptospirosis were described. In lesions suggestive of the disease the technique of silver impregnation of Warthin-Starry, was used as direct detection method. During the experimental period, all samples of the GI (control) were negative in the microscopic agglutination test, with the GII positivity exclusive to serogroup Pomona in six animals from 6 dpi, and in GIII, only to serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae in five animals from 3 dpi. At necropsy the only change was pale kidney in 50% of GI, 83.33% of GII and 83.33% of GIII (p> 0.05). Only in seropositive pigs was found lesions suggestive of leptospirosis as focal microgliosis in the brain (8.33%), lymphoid hyperplasia in lymph nodes of the mediastinum a nd mesentery (41.66%), mononuclear interstitial pneumonia (58.33 %), multifocal mononuclear hepatitis, further acute tubular nephrosis (100%) and interstitial nephritis (91.66%). There was a strong association between serological condition and lesions of mononuclear hepatitis (p = 0.0128), mononuclear interstitial nephritis (p = 0.0004), tubular nephrosis (p <0.0001) and mononuclear interstitial pneumonia (p = 0, 0377). / A leptospirose suína é uma antropozoonose difundida mundialmente e causada por espiroquetas da espécie Leptospira interrogans, principalmente pelos sorovares Pomona, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Taravossi, Canicola, Grippotyphosa e Bratislava. Neste trabalho descreve-se a infecção experimental por L. interrogans sorogrupo Icterohaemorrhagiae sorovar Conpenhageni estirpe Fiocruz L1 -130, e sorogrupo Pomona sorovar Kennewicki estirpe Pomona From, em 18 fêmeas suínas com 40 dias de idade divididas em três grupos: GI (controle), GII (inoculados com sorogrupo Pomona) e GIII (inoculados com sorogrupo Icterohaemorrhagiae). Compararam -se entre os grupos, o curso clínico da doença, os resultados dos exames sorológicos e de detecção da bactéria durante o período experimental pelas técnicas de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e isolamento bacteriano. Foram ainda descritas as principais alterações histológicas observadas em cérebro, fígado, linfonodos, pulmão e rins de 12 animais experimentalmente infectados e soropositivos para leptospirose. Em lesões sugestivas da doença utilizou-se a técnica de impregnação pela prata de Warthin-Starry, como método de detecção direta. Durante o período experimental foram negativas na soroaglutinação microscópica todas as amostras do GI (controle), havendo no GII positividade exclusiva ao sorogrupo Pomona nos seis animais a partir do 6º dia pós-infecção (dpi), e no GIII, apenas ao sorogrupo Icterohaemorrhagiae, em cinco animais a partir do 3º dpi. Na necropsia a única alteração observada foi rim pálido em 50% do G I, 83,33% do GII e em 83,33% GIII (p>0,05). Somente nos suínos soropositivos constataram-se lesões sugestivas de leptospirose, como microgliose mononuclear focal no cérebro (8,33%), hiperplasia linfoide em linfonodos do mediastino e mesentério (41,66%), pneumonia intersticial mononuclear multifocal (58,33%), hepatite mononuclear focal (41,66%), além de nefrose tubular aguda (100%) e nefrite intersticial (91,66%). Houve forte associação entre a condição sorológica e as lesões de hepatite mononuclear (p=0,0128), nefrite intersticial mononuclear (p=0,0004), nefrose tubular (p<0,0001) e pneumonia intersticial mononuclear (p=0,0377).