Leonard J. Arrington and Jon Haupt have identified seven stereotypes of Mormons in nineteenth century American fiction which influenced public opinion about them, ultimately resulting in anti-Mormon legislation. Since westerns were also extremely popular in Germany, the writings of two popular German novelists of the eighteen hundreds, Amalie Schoppe and Balduin Mollhausen, were analyzed to determine whether their Mormon characters are similarly stereotyped. Mormon stereotypes associated with adventure writing were found in the works of both authors, but not those associated with polemical novels. It was concluded that their writing still had an adverse effect on public opinion, though the state churches also influenced anti-Mormon policy in Germany.

« Pour respecter les droits d'auteur, la version électronique de ce mémoire a été dépouillée de certains documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal ». / Peint en 1879, l’Autoportrait de William Bouguereau (1825-1905) a été réalisé pour être le pendant du Portrait d’Elizabeth Gardner (1879, collection particulière). Les deux œuvres ont été offertes à Mademoiselle Gardner comme cadeau de fiançailles et sont restées en sa possession jusqu’à la mort de cette dernière. Acheté en 1984 par le Musée des beaux-arts de Montréal, l’Autoportrait de 1879 sera le seul élément de cette étude visant à déterminer comment Bouguereau, en tant qu’artiste académique évoluant à la fin du XIXe siècle, a choisi de se représenter. Fidèle à sa technique, malgré les vagues avant-gardistes qui ont déferlées depuis 1850, nous pouvons nous interroger sur le pourquoi d’un tel autoportrait. Ainsi, l’Autoportrait de 1879 permettra d’analyser la question de la représentation de l’artiste à travers les aspects technique, compositionnel, historique, artistique, social, personnel et physiologique. / Painted in 1879, the Self-Portrait of William Bouguereau (1825-1905) was produced as a pendant to the Portrait of Elizabeth Gardner (1879, private collection). The two works were offered to Miss Gardner as an engagement gift by Bouguereau and stayed in her possession until her death. Bought in 1984 by the Museum of Fine Arts of Montreal, the Self-Portrait of 1879 will be the only object of this study that aims to determine how Bouguereau, as an academic artist at the end of the XIXth century, choose to represent himself. True to his technique, despite the avant-garde wave that unfurled since 1850, we may question the reason of such a self-portrait. Thus, this painting will allow us to analyse the question of the representation of the artist through technical, compositional, historic, artistic, social, personal and physiologic aspects.