The present master's thesis includes an essay and a fiction based on the theme of the ennemy. The essay relies on Antoine de Saint-Exupery's works: it shows the main three steps leading the warrior to a fall understanding of the meaning of his combat. / First, the warrior must recognize and confront the outer ennemy, in order to attain certain virtues which will lead him to a first degree of personal growth. But the warrior who wishes to go beyond that limit must then point towards himself the faults attributed to the outer ennemy: he will thereby discover his own inner ennemy. Finally, the evacuation of hatred will be possible only if he accepts to challenge himself to the limit of his combat, by sacrifying himself for the sake of mankind. / The fiction tells the story of a young teacher who decides to declare war on his own principal for having done something absolutely immoral: the plagiarism of a philosophical essay in an editorial sent to the parents. Progressively, the troubling events that this teacher will go through will force him to admit that cowardness and dishonesty, faults first attributed to his boss, are in fact vices that he was never able to recognize in himself until then. / The discovery of his inner ennemy will change everything. The teacher won't accept anymore to fight in this war that has degenerated into hatred. Facing his responsibilities towards those who, just like him, challenged the principal and put themselves in a precarious situation, he will surrender to the only fraternal action left: his own sacrifice.

Although critics have studied Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray for nearly one hundred years, no one has examined the author's Irish Celtic heritage in relation to such unanswered questions as the source for the supernatural power that grants Dorian's wish to remain young and creates the central conflict, the purpose of the eleventh chapter, or the apparent "overwriting" or "purple patches" of prose.As a result, the novel has remained elusive, yet fascinating, to both critics and readers. This study asserts that the problem with the traditional approaches critics have taken to solve these questions is that Dorian_ Gray does not entirely belong to mainstream British literary tradition. It also belongs in part to Irish Celtic literature.Consequently, the answers to these unresolved "mysteries" become part of a natural, even inevitable culmination of Irish folklore placed in a Victorian London setting. questions lie in Wilde's Irish background. By looking at the mythology and folklore of Wilde's native Ireland, the “mysteries” become part of a natural, even inevitable culmination of Irish folklore placed in a Victorian London setting.This study's approach to Dorian Gray combines both historical and textual study and builds upon the already substantial number of source studies and biographies available. Moreover, this study examines the almost entirely unexplored background of Wilde's Irish past in the novel which relates to Irish literature. In addition to these components, this paper also offers explanations for the source of the supernatural elements, the problems within the eleventh chapter, and the strategy of the overall structure. Finally this study examines the satirical elements that have their origin in Irish folklore. In many ways, this analysis unifies the other, often conflicting, approaches by explaining these previously misunderstood elements. / Department of English

One hundred years ago, boys and girls in Sweden went to school in two parallel educational systems. The girl schools were privately owned and had two educational goals; education for the household and education for work outside the home. The girl schools were free to give the education they thought was right, but around the turn of the century women’s education became an issue of growing political interest. The purpose of my study is to shine light on the idea-political impact on the teaching in the turn of the century independent girl schools. I ask two questions; What types of subjects did girl school pupils write essays about, and how do they change over time? Seen from a genus perspective, what is the relation between the essay subjects and the idea-political trends at a higher societal level? I conduct a quantitative study of Swedish essay subjects at a girl school in Växjö between the years 1884-1929. My results show that the essay subjects over time become less demanding and more of a cultural nature, back to educating girls for the purpose of being pretty and entertaining. This does not entirely follow the trend at a higher societal level, which develops towards a stronger focus on the household. Instead we can see it as a way of keep trying to segregate women from men by forming different behaviors and knowledge and directing them into different spheres of the society, in a society where women increasingly are integrating with traditional male spheres.

This thesis is a study of the theological views of a leading Victorian evangelical Anglican, Bishop John Charles Ryle. The main sources for the study are the bishop's extensive writings, which run to some seven thousand pages. Ryle's writings, for the most part, are occasional, pastoral and evangelistic, but they are suffused with theological concern, to the extent that a "systematic theology" can almost be compiled from them. Because of this, the method adopted in this work is to study Ryle's writings according to the traditional theological "loci," and to analyse his understanding of each of them. The study also seeks to make the analysis in the light of the historical theological and ecclesiastical background to his writings, particularly as Ryle frequently interacted with the various disparate elements that comprised the Victorian religious scene. The most extensive studies in this thesis relate to Ryle's exposition of the distinctive emphases of Evangelicalism, viz. the Inspiration and Authority of Scripture, human depravity, the Atonement, and the saving and sanctifying work of the Holy Spirit. Other important areas are the sacraments, in which Ryle engages in a strong polemic against the Anglo-Catholics of his day, and the doctrine of the Church. The thesis emphasises some characteristics of Ryle's theology, in particular its biblical basis, traditional orthodoxy, evangelicalism and moderate Calvinism. An interesting feature of Ryle's work is his polemic, which is directed against the newly emerging liberals, and the increasingly influential Anglo-Catholics. We also take note of Ryle's style of presentation, including his simplicity of expression, strong pastoral application, and his didactic method of inculcation by repetition. The thesis concludes with a resume of his work, a description of its character, together with a constructive critique and evaluation, and an indication of Ryle's importance for our own day. / Thesis (DPhil)--PU for CHE, 1992.

I det här arbetet fördjupar jag mig i första satsen av Nino Rotas trombonkonsert. Nino Rota var en italiensk kompositör som var mest känd för sin filmmusik, och då särskilt musiken till Gudfadern I och Gudfadern II, men har även skrivit en stor mängd konsertmusik. Hans filmvana avspeglar sig även på hans konsertmusik. Jag gör i arbetet en motivkatalog, och en fördjupad interpretationsdel där jag tar upp hur jag vill att satsen ska spelas samt svårigheter med att få den just så. Slutligen bifogar jag en inspelning av satsen från min examenskonsert. / <p>Bilaga: 1 CD</p><p>Nino Rota, Konsert för trombonMedverkande:Trombon - Thobias NilssonPiano - Katarina Ström-Harg</p>

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This study seeks to show that in the work of Oscar Wilde, form and content, though manifestly separate, are latently connected. In Wilde's aesthetics, form and content are more than mere critical generalities---they are also metaphors for, respectively, art and nature, order and chaos, two conflicting but interdependent principles. Form in Wilde's work is a metaphor for the artist's defense against the largeness and ambiguity of nature and life. Therefore, to create, Wilde needs to insist on form over content, art over nature. Form in Wilde's work manifests itself in a deliberately artificial style, a style revealed by, for example, epigrammatic dialogue and posing of characters. However, because of this emphasis on form, nature and life will make an uncanny figurative return in Wilde's fiction, a return symbolized, for instance, by emotional ambivalence, intellectual ambiguity, and even acts of murder. In Wilde, form and content are interdependent because the content is latent in the principle of form, which stands for the human struggle against the perceived disorder of nature and life, a struggle which nevertheless is revelatory of that same chaos.

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