Work on the isolation of Bacillus albolactis from milk, and studies of it in pure culture, indicated the presence of two main colonial varieties. / Master of Science

Multiple-teacher departments of vocational agriculture resulting from consolidations are fairly stable as indicated by the number of years the older departments included in this study had existed. Multiple-teacher departments of vocational agriculture are increasing in number. This conclusion is substantiated by the fact that 10 of the 30 departments studied had become multiple-teacher departments by adding the second teacher at the beginning of the current year. / Master of Science

M.S.

The present study… had for its purpose to discover in what ways, to what extent, and under what conditions, both farming and industrial employment contribute to the family living of these persons in Henry County, Virginia who are engaged in both part-time farming and industrial employment. / Master of Science

The object of this investigation was to determine the transfer coefficients based on a “no loss” material balance, Viscosity Gravity Constant for each extraction and the contact area in conjunction with the material balance when a cylinder stock out of midcontinent oil was subjected to furfural refining in a one-inch in nominal diameter pyrex glass spray column using various ratios of furfural to oil. The oil was passed in tiny drops through the 9.75 feet high column countercurrent to the furfural flow which was down through the column. The average number of drops formed and the time of contact with the solvent was determined. From these values the average contact area in square feet at any moment was calculated. Two runs were made at high ratios of furfural to oil, and in these runs, no area of contact was determined. The column extractions were carried out at 75 ± 3°F. In order to determine the equilibrium values necessary for these calculations, batch extractions using the same ratio of solvent to oil were carried out at 230°F—at which temperature the furfural and the oil were miscible. The ratios of furfural to oil used were 2.35, 3.00, 3.53, 5.20, 9.24 and 14.20. The values of the transfer coefficient based on the “no loss” material balance varied from 0.0427 to 4.59 lbs./hr./cu.ft. of column volume/unit C as the ratio was increased. The values of the transfer coefficients based on the Viscosity Gravity Constant varied from 0.0520 to 6.28 lbs./hr./cu.ft. of column volume/unit C as the ratio was increased. The values of the transfer coefficient was based on the “no loss” material balance and the calculated contact area varied from 0.390 to 1.168 as the ratio was increased. The resultant values of the H.T.U.’s based on the three methods of calculation were good checks for the first two ratios and fair checks for the next two highest. For the ratio of 2.35:1.0 the H.T.U. based on the “no loss” material balance alone was 1.15, on the V.C.C. for each extraction it was 1.4 and for the method utilizing the contact areas and the “no loss” material balance it was 1.08 feet. The best batch refined oil had a viscosity index of 85. The best column refined oil had a viscosity index of 73.5. In both cases these values were reached using a ratio of 5.2 parts of furfural to one part of oil by weight and subsequent increases in this ratio did not improve the properties. / Master of Science

Master of Science

Master of Science

Master of Science

The purpose of this investigation was to study the behavior during electrolysis of the waste from the ammonia recovery still of the Solvay Process. Data was obtained to show the effect on chlorate formation of the variables; temperature, concentration of electrolyte, and current concentration. In all the experimental runs, observations were made of the weight of calcium scale formed on the cathode surface end of the anode consumption. The temperature studies were made at 25°C, 45°C., and 60°C. The concentration studies were made with waste varying in composition from the concentration given by T.P. Hou ⁽¹²⁾ for the product of the ammonia recovery still to a concentration three times as great. The current concentration studies were made at current concentrations of 2, 4, and 6 amperes per liter. Three runs were made at 8 amperes per liter. / Master of Science

In view of the objects set forth in this thesis, and with analysis of the data obtained, a few points in conclusion may be taken as being reasonably true and evident. On the basis of consistently different and respectively characteristic physiologic traits it appears that Beauveria B is distinct from Beauveria A, even though they are essentially similar in morphology and pathogenicity. Whether they are distinct species, or are strains of the same species is unsettled. Physiologic characteristics popular to different species of closely related fungi may be used to supplement morphology and pathogenicity as criteria of classification and reidentification. In the limited host range studies, the Beauveria species were most cosmopolitan in parasitism. The Entomophthora species were largely uninfective for the insects used and under the conditions obtained, possibly having been in culture so long as to loose virulence. Endosclerotium was highly specific for a single host, the mealy bug. In this study of entomogenous fungi, embracing membrane of several representative groups, it does not appear that they can be characterized as a group apart from other fungi on the basis of physiology. They grow saphrophytically on a wide range of some 50 different proteins, sugars, nutrient solid media, and organic acids. In contrasting the physiological characteristics of the slow growing E. saphaerosperma with the other two species of Entomophthora, it can be stated that consistently different physiologic results were correlated with the distinctly different morphology. Further, the near identical physiological behavior by E. apiculata and E. saphaerosperma, paralleled with essentially similar morphology, may prove that these two are one and the same species. In the case of Endosclerotium, it may be observed that slow growth and cultural inflexibility seem to be correlated with extreme host specificity. The liquefaction of gelatin and the peptinization of proteins indicate that the Entomophthora species produce proteinase enzymes in abundance. / Master of Science