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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

Photography and printmaking 1840-1860

Bloore, Carolyn January 1991 (has links)
No description available.
62

Compound-plate printing

Greenland, Maureen January 1996 (has links)
No description available.
63

Colour lithography in England during the nineteenth century

Kajander, K. D. January 1981 (has links)
No description available.
64

The waxed paper process in photography 1850-1865

Hannavy, J. January 1984 (has links)
No description available.
65

Mathematical modelling of the electro-thermal ribbon printing process

Ibrahim, David N. M. January 1993 (has links)
No description available.
66

The adoption and impact of computer integrated prepress systems in the printing and publishing industries of Kuwait

Majid, Muwaffaq Abdul January 1999 (has links)
This research is aimed at developing a comprehensive picture of the implications of digital technology in the graphic arts industries in Kuwait. The purpose of the study is twofold: (1) to explore the meaning of the outcomes of recent technological change processes for the traditional prepress occupations in Kuwait; and, (2) to examine the impact of technology on Arabic layout and design. The study is based on the assumption that technological change is a chain of interactions among the sociological, cultural, political and economic variables. The prepress area in Kuwait has its own cultural, social, economic, and political structure. When a new technology is introduced it is absorbed and shaped by the existing structure. Based on such a dialectical conceptualisation, four major levels of analysis can be distinguished in this study: (1) technological change in the graphic arts industries; (2) the typographic evolution of the Arabic script; (3) the workers themselves as individuals and occupational collectives; and, (4) technology's impact on Arabic publication design. The methodological approach selected for this study can be defined as a dialectical, interpretive exploration. Given the historical perspective and the multiple levels of analysis, this approach calls for a variety of data gathering methods. Both qualitative and quantitative data were sought. A combination of document analysis, participant observation and interviewing allow to link the historical and current events with individual and collective actions, perceptions and interpretations of reality. The findings presented in this study contradicts the belief that the widespread adoption of new production processes is coincidental with continuous advances in scientific knowledge which provide the basis for the development of new technologies. Instead, the changes have been hindered by the lack of untrained personnel, the Arabic software incompatibility, and the lack of informed decisions to successfully implement the technology. Without any doubt, the new technology has influenced Arabic calligraphy, but this does not mean the decay of Arabic calligraphy as an art. As this study shows, the challenge is not to the art, but to the artist.
67

Paper and printed paper surface characteristics studied using an optical method

Sananpanichkul, Wanna January 1993 (has links)
A non-contact optical method for evaluating surface characteristics is reviewed. The optical reflectance instrument has been improved to be able to evaluate printed surfaces. Experiments were conducted with solid prints prepared on two types of papers printed with a heatset yellow ink. Both paper surfaces and printed surfaces are characterized into two regions: above the surface plane resulting in macrosmoothness (Sm) and below the surface plane resulting in microsmoothness (Su). For a better understanding of such optical print smoothness, a printed surface model is proposed based on Barkas' classical model. It is generally known that the qualities of a print are determined by the materials and their interactions in the process, therefore the formation of printed surface characteristics has been discussed in relation to ink and paper interaction. Print smoothness is influenced by the uncompressed paper roughness and porosity, which determine the degree of ink penetration and ink distribution on the surface. Offset lithographic printing has been the most widely used printing process, printing onto paper substrates. To achieve good press performance and high quality prints, the ink has to emulsify a certain amount of fountain solution; maintenance of this ink and water balance is, therefore, very important. The effects of fountain solution emulsified in the ink on print smoothness wp-re investigated. A range, of varying amounts of fountain solutions, was emulsified in a heatset yellow ink using a high speed laboratory mixer; these 'emulsion inks' were printed as soon as possible after preparation. It was found that the print smoothness in macro regions, for both uncoated and coated papers, decreased significantly. In addition, an unpigmented ink system was employed to verify the role and the effects of pigment in the emulsification mechanism on print smoothness. The results indicated that pigment is the dominant contributor, to a smoothness decrease; and the pigment effect arises from the amount of fountain solution emulsified in the ink. It has become important to measure print quality directly and quantitatively in the developments of ink, paper and printing technologies. This method makes it possible to measure print smoothness as a criterion for print quality.
68

Photographic strategies for visualising the landscape and natural history of Northern England : the ordinary and the extraordinary

Dracup, Liza January 2017 (has links)
This critical commentary reviews and contextualises existing research on Photographic strategies for visualising the landscape and natural history of Northern England: the ordinary and the extraordinary. The commentary examines three major bodies of photographic work that have each been publicly disseminated as major exhibitions, Sharpe’s Wood (2007) nominated for the Prix Pictet (Earth) Photography Award (2009), Chasing the Gloaming (2011) nominated for the Deutsche Börse and Re: Collections (2013). Each case study has been subject to critical peer and public review and this is evaluated in the commentary and a comprehensive box of evidential research material is presented to support the practice-led research submission. The commentary positions the practice-led enquiry against the overall research aims and objectives. The research focus has made a significant contribution to landscape photographic discourse, through experimental and transformational analogue and digital photographic methodologies (camera and non-camera) in the visualisation of the hidden and unseen aspects of the landscape and natural history of the north of England. The commentary frames and highlights the wide-ranging historical collections based research across photographic, artistic and science disciplines, and it tracks their impact on the research trajectory and on my contemporary photographic practice. Photographic critical thinking (Walter Benjamin and Roland Barthes) supported the theoretical research aims; their ideas provided critical filters for practice-led experiments with camera and non-camera seeing and the aim of visualising the hidden through experimental photographic methodologies. Historical and contemporary nature writing also informed the photographic research trajectory, specifically with ideas around the locale within a wider cultural context and ideas around the (lost) meaning of landscape. The resulting research outputs have culminated in an examination of the wider cultural value of the ordinary and the local landscape visualised photographically.
69

Fading of carbonless copying paper

Caine, Michael Andrew January 1990 (has links)
The reactions of crystal violet lactone (CVL) (1) and carbazolyl blue (S-RB) (2) were studied on the acid activated clay Fulacolor. The colourless leuco dye CVL (1) undergoes lactone cleavage, when adsorbed on Fulacolor, to give a blue zwitterion. CVL (1) was also shown to adsorb as the unchanged lactone which could be photochemically ring opened. The zwitterion could be displaced readily by water vapour. When a high surface acidity was kept, the zwitterion was more resistant to displacement, the humidity and any exchanged cations being important factors. Prolonged exposure to light causes fading of the zwitterion, the products from which are mainly demethylated species. It was shos.jn that the fading mechanism involves singlet oxygen production, by the dyestuff itself, which subsequently attacks the dye. Singlet oxygen quenchers retarded the fading process. The slow developing dye S-RB (2) was found to have a rate constant for photo-oxidation (at 30 ° C) of approximately twice that of benzoyl leuco methylene blue (BU€) (4), a previously commonly used dye. Addition of the Lewis acid aluminium chloride, - greatly enhanced the rate of production of the dye from S-RB (2),f whereas the weaker Lewis acid boron trifluoride, did in fact retard the dye development. A coordination complex with a different ,tmax for 1absorptionwas detected with boron trifluoride and S-RB (2). The oxIdation of S-RB (2) on Fulacolor was shown to occur at two distinct sites: iron atoms in the aluininosilicate lattice and at aluminium Lewis acid lattice edge sites. A method was devised for promoting the migration of Fe 3 cations back into the damaged octahedral layer of the acid activated montmorillonite Fulacolor, and thus of increasing the rate of S-RB (2) dye development.
70

Characteristics and applications of positive photo-resist with particular reference to holographic recording

MacAndrew, J. A. January 1980 (has links)
No description available.

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