o setor vitivinícola é responsável por 1% do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) do Rio Grande do Sul, sendo o estado responsável por 90% da produção Brasileira de vinhos, cujo mercado é crescente. Na indústria vitícola cerca de 25% da quantidade processada de uva transforma-se em resíduos, representados principalmente por cascas, sementes e engaço. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as características nutricionais de bagaço de Vitis sp e o seu enriquecimento com Aspergillus niger T0005/007-2. Foi verificado que a fermentação em estado sólido destes resíduos utilizando o fungo filamentoso A. niger eleva os teores de . proteína bruta de resíduos de uva, além do aumento do valor calórico, de carboidratos, fibra alimentar total, lipídios, e umidade. O incremento dos carboidratos 20 dias após a exposição ao fungo A. niger é um fator favorável para utilização do mesmo para ração animal, pois desta forma se torna a formulação mais adequada para uma complementação à ração de suínos. O crescimento de micélio do fungo A. niger, sobre resíduos de engaço de Vitis sp mostra-se promissor para o aumento do valor nutricional dos resíduos da produção de uva, que já vêm sendo utilizados na alimentação de alguns animais. Com base nesses resultados, a bioconversão do engaço da uva empregando fermentação em estado sólido com linhagens de A. niger pode ser um complemento para alimentação de animais (sic). / The wine sector is responsible by 1% ofthe Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Rio Grande do Sul, being the state responsible by 90% of the brazilian production of wines, which market is growing. In the wine industry, around 25% of the processed amount of grape turn's into waste, mainly represented by grape skins, seeds and stems. This work had the objective of analyzing the nutritional characteristics of Vitis sp stem's and its improvement with Aspergillus niger T0005/007-2. It was checked that the solid state fermentation of those wastes using the filamentous fungus A. niger increases the crude protein content of grape waste, besides the caloric value risement, of carbohydrates, total dietary fiber, lipids and moisture. The increment of the carbohydrates 20 days afier the exposition to the fungus A. niger is a favorable facto r to the usage for animal food, because in this way, the formulation it can be added to a swine's feed complementation. The implementation of fungus A. niger, into stem's Vitis sp wastes seems promissing to the nutritional value agregation over wastes of grape production that are already being used into the feed of some animals. Based on these results, the grape's stem bioconversion using the solid state fermentation method could be an alternative at animal's feeding (sic).

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of organic fertilizer and micronutrients on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Niger plant, a field experiment was conducted in a complete randomized block design with three replications at Shahrekord University Research Farm during the years 2013-2014. Treatments included three levels of humic acid (1, 3, and 6 liters of humic acid per hectare), iron (4 parts per million, ppm), zinc (4 parts per million, ppm) and control (without humic acid iron, and zinc). In this experiment, traits of the number of heads per plant, seeds number per head, 1000 seeds' weight, grain yield, and also oil and protein content were evaluated. The findings showed that foliar application of humic acid, zinc and iron resulted in a significant increase in all analyzed traits. The most significant plant response was obtained with the use of 6 liters humic acid per hectare, and the second most significant plant response was seen with the sprayed zinc treatment which was probably due to limited absorption and deficiency of these elements in the tested soil.

Orientador: Renato Bonatelli Junior / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-16T10:51:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Umbuzeiro_GiseladeAragao_M.pdf: 2232877 bytes, checksum: 4a58878edb7dd279319ab5baa54c6cd8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1985 / Resumo: Este trabalho teve por objetivo o isolamento e análise genética de mutantes com produção alterada de amiloglicosidase (AG) na linhagem HAP de Aspergillus niger. Foram estudados mutantes auxotróficos e morfológicos quanto à produção da enzima, observando-se que a maioria não apresentava alteração na produção de AG com relação à linhagem original HAP, com exceção das linhagens pdxlolvl e purl que apresentaram produção significativamente menor. Teste para avaliação da atividade enzimática na presença de inibidor específico para AG e dextrina limite como substrato mostrou que as medidas realizadas durante o trabalho referem-se principalmente à AG. A utilização da luz ultravioleta como mutagênico para obtenção de mutantes com produção diminuída de AG foi satisfatória, tendo sido obtida uma freqüência total de mutantes de 3;0%. Pela metodolog1a de pré-seleção empregada não foi conseguido nenhum mutante de produção aumentada. Testes de interação alélica mostraram que todas as mutações induzidas eram recessivas. No teste de complementação pelo menos dois genes que afetam a produção de AG parecem ter sido revelados, o lap61 e lap73 e/ou lap38. Análise mitótica dos segregantes mostrou ligação entre os genes nic_ fwn e olv e também evidenciou ligação entre o gene pab e o lap61 / Abstract: The claims of this work were iso1ation and genetical analysis of altered amylog1ucosldase production mutants using the HAP strain or Aspergillus niger. Enzyme production was studied in auxotrophs and morphologica1 mutants and most or them do not show AG production alterations, except pdxlolvl and purl strains showed significant decreased production comparing with the original strain HAP. Teste to evaluate enzimatic activity in presence of AG especific Inibitor and using limit dextrin as substrate showed that the activlty measured during this work was mainly the AG activity. The use of ultraviolet light as mutagenic to obtain decreased AG production mutants was satisfactory, and the total frequency or mutants was 3,0%. Pre-selection methodology was not efficient to obtain increasead AG production mutants. Alelic interaction tests showed that a11 the induced mutations were recessives. Complementation test showed at least two genes envolved in AG production, lap61 and lap73 and/or lap38. Mitotic analysis demonstrated linkage between the genes nic, f'wn and olv_ and between pab and lap61 / Mestrado / Genetica / Mestre em Ciências Biológicas

Marshy soil and sediment samples were collected during dry and rainy seasons within Warri, and Agbarho, 20km away as control. Levels of 16 USEPA priority Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAHs were determined using GC-FID. Source prediction analysis was also done. The study was in Niger Delta region, Nigeria from January to March and June to August 2012 in dry and wet seasons. Benzo(a)pyrene had highest total concentration of 3.302mg/kg and mean value of 1.651mg/kg in dry season soil samples. However, sediment samples had highest levels for total concentration of PAHs of 19.362mg/kg and mean of 4.840mg/kg for both dry and rainy seasons within Warri. PAHs concentration was higher in dry than rainy seasons for soil and sediment samples. Source prediction analysis revealed that PAHs in sediments for dry season were pyrolytic while rainy seasons were petrogenic sources. For soils, the dry season was mixed sources while the rainy season was petrogenic. / Environmental Science / M. Sc. (Environmental Science)

Roan antelope numbers have declined drastically over the last 30 years in the Kruger National Park (KNP). Various hypotheses have been tested and suggested as reasons for their sharp decline. A change in habitat structure and nutrient deficiencies were among the factors considered for their population decline. The aim of this research was to study the influence of habitat structure on habitat selection in the absence of predators by two separate roan populations in predator-proof enclosures on the northern plains of the KNP. Seasonal variations in the nitrogen, macro-and micronutrient concentrations of the preferred grass species in every enclosure were determined. Faecal samples were collected and pooled seasonally in order to link nutrient concentrations in faeces with that in grass. Water and soil samples were also collected and analysed. The nutrient concentrations of grass and faeces in the wet-and dry season were compared with nutrient concentrations collected similarly from a roan antelope population at Vaalbos National Park, Northern Cape Province, South Africa. Where possible, serum samples were also collected and analysed for macro-and micronutrient concentrations. Results indicated that roan antelope disregard habitat structure in the selection of vegetation type or foraging areas in the absence of predators. This behaviour may jeopardise survival if captive bred roan are released to supplement free roaming roan populations in the KNP since previous studies indicated that free roaming roan antelope in the KNP prefer lightly wooded areas with a fairly high visibility. Results from grass, faecal and serum analyses indicated that some nutrient deficiencies might occur in each of the populations studied during specific times of the year and especially in animals in nutrient challenging production phases. Results suggested a possible induced copper deficiency in roan at N'washitsumbe in the KNP, mainly from a Cu-Mo-S interaction. Wet season faecal nitrogen levels of roan at N'washitsumbe was marginal to deficient and that of the Graspan population at Vaalbos National Park was marginal. Phosphorus levels of all the populations were sufficient in faeces despite low dietary intakes. Results were compared with faecal and serum nutrient levels of supplemented roan and sable antelope at Sable Ranch, Northwest Province, South Africa. In general, supplemented roan and sable antelope had a significantly higher nutrient status than un-supplemented populations. Significant species and gender differences in serum and faecal nutrient concentrations were identified in supplemented animals at Sable Ranch. Copyright / Dissertation (MScAgric)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Animal and Wildlife Sciences / unrestricted

Forty percent of women in the Niger Delta states in Nigeria were unemployed in 2015. Guided by acquired needs theory, this multiple case study was conducted to gain an in-depth understanding of how women in the Niger Delta states can acquire the requisite entrepreneurial knowledge to make decisions about becoming self-employed. Twenty women entrepreneurs in the Niger Delta states who had knowledge and experience of entrepreneurship were selected to participate in providing data through a semistructured interview, field notes, and document review. Through Yin's 5-step data analysis process, member checking, and triangulation, the following key themes emerged: creativity and innovation, promoting learning and development on entrepreneurship, developing a business mindset, information technology, financial and economic literacy, mentoring the mentees, financial freedom, flexibility of time, adequate control, lack of adequate entrepreneurial training, unsupportive business environment, educational barriers, and shortage of funds and resources. The study findings may create awareness of how women entrepreneurs in the Niger Delta states can obtain knowledge and experience of entrepreneurship. This awareness may promote positive social change by supporting efforts to prepare women for employment, thereby reducing unemployment, improving the standard of living, and reducing poverty among women in Nigeria.

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