Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis explores the representation of personal narrative and nationhood within the genre of literary non-fiction written around the theme of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. The texts to be examined are Antjie Krog‟s, Country of My Skull, Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela‟s A Human Being Died That Night and Sindiwe Magona‟s Mother to Mother. The texts by Krog and Gobodo-Madikizela tell the story of apartheid‟s legacy from two different viewpoints. Their texts are filled with spatial patches of personal narrative which emphasize the impact apartheid had on two different South African cultures, thereby linking the personal to the national by exploring a subjective truth in their narratives. Both these authors were involved with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) in a professional capacity and through their respective ideologies the psyche of the apartheid perpetrator is examined, interrogated and analysed. Within the genre of literary non-fiction these two writers grapple with capturing the real, the objective, but simultaneously insist on doing so from a subjective vantage point. Sindiwe Magona‟s, Mother to Mother also centres on the theme of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and on the psyche of the perpetrator. This time, however, the perpetrator‟s psyche is explored through the lens of a narrator-mother in an address to the victim‟s mother. The most significant difference between this text and the other two is that the Magona text provides a fictional account of the TRC case in question. The ethical implications of a literary text with documentary subject matter, of a text that explores the intersections between fiction and non-fiction, surfaces again, and to a larger extent than in the other two texts, thereby further unsettling the line between the reportorial and the imaginative. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die verteenwoordiging van persoonlike vertelling en nasieskap in die genre van die literêre nie-fiksie wat geskryf is om die tema van die Waarheids-en Versoeningskommissie (WVK). Die tekste wat ondersoek word is Antjie Krog se Country of My Skull, Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela se A Human Being Died That Night en Sindiwe Magona se Mother to Mother. Die tekste van Krog en Gobodo-Madikizela vertel die storie van apartheid-nalatenskap uit twee verskillende standpunte. Hul tekste bestaan uit gereelde ruimtelike kolle van persoonlike verhaal wat die impak van apartheid op twee verskillende kulture van die land beklemtoon om sodoende die persoonlike aan die nasionale te koppel en „n subjektiewe waarheid van hul narratiewe na vore te bring. Albei hierdie skrywers was in 'n professionele hoedanigheid betrokke by die WVK en deur hulle onderskeie ideologieë word die psige van die apartheid oortreder ondersoek, ondervra en ontleed. Dit is binne literêre nie-fiksie waar hierdie twee skrywers swoeg om die werklike en objektiewe ten toon te stel terwyl hulle dit terseldertyd vanuit „n subjektiewe oogpunt wil benader. Sindiwe Magona se Mother to Mother draai ook om die tema van die Waarheids-en Versoeningskommissie en die psige van die oortreder. Hierdie keer, egter, is die oortreder-psige ondersoek deur die lens van 'n verteller-ma in 'n toespraak aan die slagoffer se ma. Die belangrikste verskil tussen hierdie teks en die ander twee is dat die Magona teks 'n fiktiewe vertelling bied van die WVK saak betrokke in hierdie geval. Die etiese implikasies van 'n literêre teks met 'n dokumentêre onderwerp kom weer na vore en tot 'n groter mate as die ander twee tekste, en daardeur word die fyn lyn van die literêre genres met 'n dokumentêre onderwerp omver gegooi.

Phenomenological-existential oriented study concerning teaching and learning relationship in night schools. Using as starting point a statistical description of the phenomena of school evasion and year repetition, it intends to reveal school, commitment/non commitment with the student project life and vice-versa. Data were collected through interviews and questionnaires, examination of documents and/or official statistics available. The used research subjects were 20 (twenty) repeaters from 5ª to 8ª series and 10 (ten) teachers from two nocturnal schools in Ituiutaba/MG. Research material description and analysis suggest an evident disconnection between the students meaningful world and formal contents of the teaching and learning process. It concludes that this very fact would take the school not to commit itself with the project of life of the worker student and vice-versa, thus both of them contributing to aetiology of school evasion and year, repetition. / Estudo de orientação teórica fenomenológoco-existencial da relação ensino-aprendizagem na escola noturna. A partir da descrição dos fenômenos da evasão e repetência, procura-se explicitar o compromisso e descompromisso da Instituição Escolar, para com o projeto de vida do estudante noturno e deste último para com a primeira. Procede-se a coleta de dados através de entrevistas, questionários e estudo de documentação e estatísticas oficiais disponíveis. Inclui-se a descrição e análise de experiências de ensino-aprendizagem no caso de 2 (duas) escolas noturnas de Ituiutaba/MG. Os sujeitos consistem de 20 alunos repetentes de 5ª a 8ª série e de 10 (dez) professores dessas escolas. A descrição e análise do material de pesquisa sugere uma evidente desconexão entre o mundo significativo do aluno e o conteúdo formal do processo ensino-aprendizagem. Isso levaria a escola a não comprometer-se com o projeto existencial do aluno-trabalhador e vice-versa, contribuindo ambos para a etiologia da evasão e repetência. / Mestre em Educação

Night work is inherent in working processes in hospitals and may have repercussions on the health of workers. Among these, stands out for the nursing care practice uninterrupted. Thus, beyond the specific implications of the process of nursing care, night service workers are exposed to typical repercussions of this shift. This study had as its object: the effects of night work in nursing and guiding question: what are the effects of night work for workers of Nursing intensive care units? In this sense, aimed to know the effects of night work for workers of these units. This is a qualitative, descriptive. The study included thirteen nursing workers of adult intensive care units and cardiology in a public hospital in the state of Rio Grande do Sul was used as a tool to semistructured data collection interview, which took place from October to November 2013. Data were analyzed according to thematic content analysis proposed by Minayo. It is reiterated that the ethical aspects of Resolution Nº 466/2012 of the National Health Council. As results were seen three categories emerged: Perceptions of nursing about the night work in the Intensive Care Unit; Physical, psychological and social effects of night work on Unit and Intensive Care; Strategies used by shift workers in Intensive Care Units in response to suffering. It was found in the statements of these workers that night work can promote both experiences of pleasure and satisfaction as dissatisfaction and suffering. This study reveals corroborating previous researches that night work reflected both in health and in social, family and emotional life of nursing workers. However, despite realize these effects, participants prefer to stay in this shift, due to personal, family and financial needs. It was evident that the workers, in most cases, they use individual and collective strategies in order to stay healthy in the workplace, even though they often do not perceive them. It is considered, based on the findings of this study, it is essential that hospitals develop health prevention and promotion of quality of life of workers nocturnal Nursing programs, as well as moments of integration between management, workers and institutional directions, promoting dialogue and sharing of knowledge and experiences in order that this employee feels valued and welcomed at it on your desktop. / O trabalho noturno é inerente ao processo laboral em instituições hospitalares e pode apresentar repercussões na saúde dos trabalhadores. Dentre esses, destaca-se os da Enfermagem pela prática assistencial ininterrupta. Com isso, além das implicações específicas do processo assistencial da Enfermagem, os trabalhadores do serviço noturno ficam expostos a repercussões típicas desse turno de trabalho. Este estudo teve como objeto: as repercussões do trabalho noturno na Enfermagem e como questão norteadora: quais as repercussões do trabalho noturno para trabalhadores de Enfermagem de Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos? Nesse sentido, objetivou conhecer as repercussões do trabalho noturno aos trabalhadores destas unidades. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter analítico e descritivo. Participaram do estudo treze trabalhadores de Enfermagem das Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Adulto e Cardiológica de um hospital público do interior do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada como instrumento de coleta de dados, a qual ocorreu no período de outubro a novembro de 2013. Os dados foram analisados segundo a análise de conteúdo temática proposta por Minayo. Reitera-se que foram atendidos os aspectos éticos da Resolução Nº 466/2012 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Como resultados emergiram três categorias: Percepções dos trabalhadores de Enfermagem acerca do trabalho noturno em Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos; Repercussões físicas, psíquicas e sociais do trabalho noturno em Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos e Estratégias utilizadas pelos trabalhadores noturnos de Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos frente ao sofrimento. Constatou-se nos depoimentos destes trabalhadores que o trabalho noturno pode promover tanto vivências de prazer e satisfação quanto de insatisfação e sofrimento. Este estudo revela que o trabalho noturno repercute tanto na saúde, como na vida social, familiar e emocional dos trabalhadores de Enfermagem. No entanto, apesar de perceberem estas repercussões, os participantes preferem permanecer neste turno de trabalho, em função de suas necessidades pessoais, familiares e financeiras. Evidenciou-se que os trabalhadores, na maioria das vezes, utilizam-se de estratégias individuais e coletivas, no intuito de se manterem saudáveis no seu ambiente de trabalho, mesmo que muitas vezes, não as percebam. Considera-se, a partir dos achados deste estudo, ser fundamental que as instituições hospitalares desenvolvam programas de prevenção à saúde e promoção da qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores noturnos da Enfermagem, assim como, momentos de integração entre chefias, direções institucionais e trabalhadores, promovendo o diálogo e o compartilhar de conhecimentos e vivências, no intuito de que este trabalhador se sinta valorizado no que faz e acolhido no seu ambiente de trabalho.

No description available.

La thèse isole un corpus particulièrement large dans l'Europe romantique, constitué de fictions à récit-cadre oral nocturne organisées en « veillées », « nuits » ou « soirées ». Ce constat bibliographique fait apparaître un paradoxe : la littérature de l'époque romantique rêve-t-elle encore de pratiques orales alors que s'inaugurent au même moment le fonctionnement moderne de l'ordre des livres et sa régulation par des techniques commerciales ? Comment conjuguer l'idée du sacre de l'écrivain et la nostalgie apparente pour le récit de vive voix ? Le cycle de fictions nocturnes semble d'abord une survivance ou une nostalgie des formes plurimillénaires de narration orale (Le Pantchatrantra, Les Mille et une nuits) : les auteurs ressusciteraient la technique du récit encadré pour mieux profiter de la vitalité associée à l'échange direct ainsi simulé dans ces textes. Pourtant, l'étude de ce corpus montre que la relecture romantique n'a rien d'un archaïsme. D'abord, le cycle nocturne est en réalité une forme intermédiaire entre la tradition littéraire et les modifications contemporaines du champ : parfaitement adaptées à la publication journalistique, les fictions nocturnes rétablissent néanmoins une forme d'aura auctoriale en instaurant une ambivalence orale qui suggère une présence directe du conteur. Les « nuits » permettent donc de tirer parti de la mercantilisation croissante du monde des lettres, tout en continuant à bénéficier du prestige des mages romantiques et autres poètes de la nuit... / This dissertation isolates in European romantic literature a particularly broad corpus of fictions with an oral frame organized in "watches", "nights" or "evenings". This bibliographic presence underlines a paradox: why does romantic literature still dream of oral practices whereas at the same time are inaugurated the modern textualisation of literature and its regulation by commercial techniques? How to combine the idea of the sacre of the writer and the nostalgia for direct speech ? The cycle of night fictions seems initially a survival or a sign of nostalgia of the antique forms of oral narration (Panchatrantra, Thousand and One Nights) : the authors appear to resurrect the technique of the frame narrative to benefit from the vitality associated with the direct exchange simulated in these texts. However, the study of this corpus shows that this romantic intertextual reading has nothing to do with a taste for archaism. Initially, the nocturnal cycle is actually an intermediate form between the literary tradition and the contemporary modifications of the literary context : it is perfectly adapted to publication in the press, but nevertheless makes it possible to restore a form of auctorial aura auctoriale by establishing an oral ambivalence which suggests a direct presence of the storyteller. The "nights" thus allow the author to adapt to the increasing mercantilisation of the literary world, while continuing to profit from the prestige associated to the romantic magi and other « poets of the night »...

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-11-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:05:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 terribilifilho_a_dr_mar.pdf: 690742 bytes, checksum: 316c534a6c91be3953aea67af91d580c (MD5) / O ensino superior noturno é representativo no país, pois detém mais de 60% das matrículas em cursos de graduação. Com o objetivo de discutir se os componentes do entorno educacional (com recorte nas áreas de transportes, trânsito, segurança e legislação trabalhista) afetam o dia-a-dia do estudante e se podem interferir na sua condição física, na sua motivação, no seu empenho e no seu desempenho discente foi realizada pesquisa quali-quantitativa junto a 340 estudantes do período noturno de três instituições privadas: uma localizada na cidade de São Paulo, outra na região de Campinas e, uma terceira, na região de Araçatuba. A pesquisa contemplou também, a realização de entrevistas junto a coordenadores de cursos e Coordenadoria de Análise e Planejamento da Secretaria de Segurança Pública do Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados mostram que há aspectos comuns no cotidiano dos estudantes pesquisados: elevado índice de estudantes-trabalhadores (86%), longo dia de trabalho, alimentação inadequada, condições desfavoráveis de trânsito e transportes, horário inadequado de saída do trabalho e atividades profissionais após o expediente, que comprometem a chegada do estudante na instituição de ensino, sua condição física, de estudo, em função de atrasos constantes, perda de aulas e provas. De acordo com os estudantes pesquisados, este dia-a-dia afeta suas atividades de sala de aula, de pesquisa, de aprendizagem e de socialização na instituição. Após as aulas, as restrições de transportes para a residência e a exposição do estudante à crescente violência social urbana, complementam o cenário diário. A pesquisa apontou também que, as políticas públicas e as diretrizes das instituições de ensino para os cursos noturnos ignoram as dificuldades deste entorno em suas normas, regulamentos... / The conduct of university courses at night in Brazil is significant, where this scheduling option is used by more that 60% of undergraduate students. In order to discuss if the surrounding education (issues in the areas of transportation, traffic, public safety and labor law) affects the student day-by-day and can influences the student’s physical and psychological state upon arrival for their studies, it was developed a quantitative and qualitative research conducted with 340 students who attend night classes at three private institutions located in São Paulo State (one in São Paulo city, other institution in a city placed in Campinas region and another one in a city located in Araçatuba neighborhood). Interviews were done with some courses coordinators from those institutions and representative of Safety Public Secretary from São Paulo State. The results show common challenges applicable to students researched: high incidence of students who work (86%), long workdays, inadequate diet, traffic and transportation difficulties, workdays ending at a late hour, and professional activities after the normal workday all negatively impact the student’s development considering late arrives, missing classes and exams. According to students researched this scenario affects learning activities in classes, researches in libraries, laboratories usage and social integration aspects too. After class, limited transportation and exposure to rising urban violence add to these challenges. The research points also that university guidelines surrounding classes conducted at night ignore this environment in the setting of rules, regulations and teaching strategies, creating a gap between “inside-the-wall” thinking at universities and the reality “outside-the-wall”. The policies (traffic management, transportation and public safety)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Building on a growing body of research linking an opportunity framework to drops in acquisitive crime and most recently, acquisitive violence, the present thesis extends this framework to the downward trajectory of nighttime economy violence in England and Wales, during the phenomenon of the crime drop. Using secondary data analysis of the Crime Survey for England and Wales, the rate of stranger and acquaintance violence within the night-time economy is found to have halved between 1995 and 2011/12; mirroring the dramatic declines experienced by other crime types within England and Wales, and more widely across other westernised countries. Disaggregating this overarching trend by offence and victim characteristics reveals a reduction in alcohol-fuelled, common assaults between young males, occurring in and around the drinking venues of the night-time economy, and during weekends, to be the main driver of the drop. Boden, Fergusson and Horwood (2013) argue that to date there is limited knowledge surrounding the nature of alcohol-related violence. The present research explores the nexus between alcohol and violence through a situational lens. The opportunistic nature of night-time economy violence is identified through offenders' choice of tools (weapons) and selection of targets, as well as the clustering of violence along certain spatial, temporal, and individual, dimensions. The opportunity structure of night-time economy violence is established using multivariate modelling techniques designed to isolate the role of opportunity in assault-victimisation, and resultant severity, from the personal characteristics of the actors involved. Measures of a 'risky lifestyle', characterised by an increase in routine activities that take respondents away from the safety of the home, are found to be the strongest predictors of assault victimisation-risk across every available sweep of the survey. A significant shift in population lifestyle - namely a significant net decline in routine engagement with the drinking venues of the night-time economy, as well as a shift in the gender and age composition of drinking venue patronage - co-varies with the decline in night-time economy violence. However, residual effects of respondents' socio-demographic characteristics on victimisation-risk, after mediating for differences in lifestyle, presents violent victimisation in the night-time economy as a result of a process by which personal traits interact with criminogenic environments. Personal characteristics, however, are weaker in their prediction of offence severity in the night-time economy. Rather, the present research supports a collection of research identifying the context of violence to be the strongest predictor of violent dispute escalation (Brennan, Moore & Shepherd, 2010; Marcus and Reio, 2002).

No description available.

Qualquer experiência humana pode ser sacralizada, continuando na sua superfície profana. O caráter sagrado lhe vem da atribuição do mistério que oculta. Este mistério pode ser de beleza ou de feiúra, de bondade ou de maldade, de segurança ou de pecado, de anjo ou de demônio, no templo ou na rua. O sagrado opera uma transformação nas coisas do mundo tornando uma realidade inteiramente diferente das realidades naturais. O presente trabalho se propõe analisar numa perspectiva antropológica a hierofonia construída e reelaborada na Noite dos Tambores Silenciosos, numa tentativa de compreender o desenvolver deste processo. / Any human experience can become sacred and even go continuing going externally continue in its profane expression. This sacred character comes out to it human experience from the mystery touch that it the above mentioned human experience hides within itself. This mystery can enclose beauty or ugliness, goodness or wickedness, safety or sin, angles or devils, temples or street. The sacred one produces, accomplishes a certain transformation in the worldly things, turning them into a reality wholly different from an analyzing, departing from an anthropological perspective, the hidden hierophany, contacted and reworked out from Noite dos Tambores Silenciosos i. e: Night of the Silent Drums in great attempt of understanding and developing this process.

Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / This research, developed in classroom, with night shift high school third graders from a school that belongs to the educational public system run by the state and is located at the city of Santa Maria, RS, from August to December 2015, the objectives were: to contribute to the advance of night shift high school third graders’ argumentative writing using the informativeness criterion; to promote night shift high school third graders’ self-managing in relation to their textual production using a Textual Production Diary that functions as a game that places students as evaluators at their writing process and to contribute to teaching-learning process of argumentative writing through research-action. To achieve such objectives, the theoretical framework of this study is based on the socio interactionist teaching perspective, represented by Vygotsky (1991), from Text Linguistics, mainly, with Beaugrande and Dressler (1981), Val (1994), Bentes (2008), Marcuschi (2008), Fávero and Koch (2012), Koch (2014) and Koch and Elias (2014), from Information Science, represented by Capurro and Hjorland (2007) and from the perspective of textual genres from Dolz and Schneuwly (2004). The methodological framework is based on the research-action methodology, represented by Thiollent (2011), Carr and Kemis (1988) and Burns (1999). As teachers resources, the Freirean problematizing dialogism, Freire (2001, 2002, 2007), Freire and Faundez (1985) and Gadotti, Freire and Guimarães (2006) and the didactic sequence proposal from Dolz, Noverraz and Schneuwly (2004) were used. From the triangulation of the theoretical and methodological frameworks and the difficulties presented by learners concerning argumentative writing, we elaborated the categories of analysis of the present study. Such categories are guided by the informativeness degrees (low, medium and high), according to the articulation made from Beaugrande and Dressler (1981) and Val (1994) concerning the informativeness degrees, from Cunha (2001) concerning information sources and from Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca (2014) in relation to argumentation placement. Through such categories, streamlined and instrumented in the Textual Production Diary, students self-manage their learning process of textual production at both stages of writing and rewriting. The analysis of this research subject’s textual productions (S7) revealed that he promoted the advance of informativeness degree in his texts. In the first textual production, S7 presented low informativeness degree, in the last one he advanced to high informativeness degree. The analysis of the Textual Production Diary revealed that it serves as mediator instrument that helps the student self-manage his teaching-learning process. Therefore, we affirm that the categories of the analysis we propose contribute to the informativeness degree classification of texts and that self-managing, favored by the Textual Production Diary use, promoted the advance of informativeness degree of textual productions and of S7’s argumentative ability. / Esta pesquisa, desenvolvida em sala de aula, com uma turma de terceiro ano de Ensino Médio noturno pertencente a uma escola da rede pública estadual de ensino da cidade de Santa Maria, RS, entre os meses de agosto a dezembro de 2015, teve como objetivos: contribuir com o avanço da escrita argumentativa de alunos concluintes do Ensino Médio noturno utilizando o critério de informatividade; promover o autogerenciamento do estudante terceiranista do Ensino Médio noturno, no que consta à produção textual, a partir do emprego do Diário de Produção Textual que se constitui de um jogo que situa o aluno como avaliador no seu processo de escrita; e contribuir com o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de produção textual de caráter argumentativo por meio da pesquisa-ação. Para atingir tais objetivos, o aporte teórico deste estudo se consolida por meio da perspectiva sociointeracionista de ensino, representada por Vygotsky (1991), da Linguística do Texto, principalmente, com Beaugrande e Dressler (1981), Val (1994), Bentes (2008), Marcuschi (2008), Fávero e Koch (2012), Koch (2014) e Koch e Elias (2014), da Ciência da Informação, com os representantes Capurro e Hjorland (2007) e da perspectiva de gêneros textuais de Dolz e Schneuwly (2004). O aporte metodológico se constitui por meio da pesquisa-ação, representada por Thiollent (2011), Carr e Kemis (1988) e Burns (1999). Como recursos docentes, utilizamos o dialogismo problematizador freireano, Freire (2001, 2002, 2007), Freire e Faundez (1985) e Gadotti, Freire e Guimarães (2006) e a proposta de sequência didática de Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004). A partir da triangulação do aporte teórico, metodológico e das dificuldades apresentadas pelos discentes em questão no que diz respeito à escrita argumentativa, construímos as categorias de análise do presente estudo. Tais categorias são pautadas pelos graus de informatividade (baixo, médio, alto), conforme articulação realizada a partir de Beaugrande e Dressler (1981) e Val (1994) quanto aos graus de informatitvidade, de Cunha (2001) no que consta às fontes de informação e de Perelman e Olbrechts-Tyteca (2014) no que atine aos lugares da argumentação. Por meio de tais categorias, dinamizadas e instrumentalizadas no Diário de Produção Textual, os estudantes em questão autogerenciaram seu processo de aprendizagem de produção textual, tanto na etapa de escrita como de reescrita. A análise das produções textuais do sujeito desta pesquisa (S7) revelou que ele promoveu o avanço do grau de informatividade de seus textos. Na primeira produção textual, S7 apresentou grau baixo de informatividade, na última avançou para o grau alto de informatividade. A análise do Diário de Produção Textual revelou que ele se constitui enquanto um instrumento mediador que auxilia o estudante a autogerenciar seu processo de ensino aprendizagem. Portanto, afirmamos que as categorias de análise que propomos contribuem na classificação do grau de informatividade de textos e que o autogerenciamento, favorecido pelo emprego do Diário de Produção Textual, promoveu o avanço do grau de informatividade das produções textuais de e da habilidade argumentativa de S7.