This thesis compirses three parts, Parts A, B and C. Each part is divided into a number of principal sections prefixed by Roman numerals, and these sections are further divided into sub-sections prefixed by Arabic numerals. Each sub-section is uniquely indicated by a combination consisting of a capital letter, a Roman and Arabic numeral, e.g., (A, IV, 1) – Perinaphthene System: Nomenclature. Part A commences with a brief analytical survey based on the chemical literature of the various aromatic carbocyclic systems and this is developed logically into a consideration of the perinaphthene system. A detailed review of the latter and its simple derivatives follow, with particular emphasis on the theoretical aspects of this system. Part B is an account of the results achieved by the author in the course of investigations centred on aromatic compounds containing the perinaphthene nucleus. The synthesis and properties of indene [2,1-a] perinaphthene are described, in addition to preliminary experiments with a view to preparing cyclopenta[a]-perinaphthene. The outcome of the investigation is fully examined from the theoretical standpoint. Part C is entirely devoted to experimental details, and is the complement to Part B. Ten plates, mainly of absorption spectra are to be found at the end of the thesis.

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The thin body has long been considered ‘normal' in Western culture, whereas the anorexic body has been framed as pathological despite the fact that both bodies often engage in regimes of undereating and extreme exercising which dovetail with one another. Pro-anorexia (or ‘pro-ana') online spaces, which emerged in the late twentieth century, have been criticised for their espousal of anorexia even though much of the advice they provide and the images they collate, derive from mainstream culture. Censorship and vilification by the media have meant that since their inception these spaces have undergone a number of changes. This thesis therefore investigates the thin ideal in pro-ana online spaces at a time when the boundaries between the mainstream espousal of thinness and the body image promoted in pro-ana culture are becoming increasingly blurred. Drawing on empirical research across a range of websites, forums, and social media which identify as pro-ana, I employ textual analysis to explore how thinness is constructed in these spaces. My investigation produced a set of themes which shape this thesis. Central were: the denial and disguise of disordered-eating practices; the pre-eminence of the white, middle-class, heterofeminine body; and the importance of pain in realising the thin ideal. The central claim of this thesis is that pro-ana online spaces expose the extent to which normative femininity is underpinned by practices which may be deeply disordered, but they are viewed as normal by mainstream culture. Pro-ana culture illustrates an extreme response to achieving thinness but it also critiques the ideal to which it aspires. Hence, this thesis concludes by turning to the potential for resistance in pro-ana online spaces and arguing that although they do not uncritically conform to the culture of compulsory thinness, they are nonetheless postfeminist enclaves which perpetuate the primacy of the individual.

The aim of the work carried out for this thesis was to explore way to synthesise and characterise π-conjugated ferrocene containing polymers by using a condensation polymerization technique. Three types of such compounds were investigated: namely polyquinoxalines (pox)s, polyimines (PJ)s and polyketones (PK)s. The work was started by carrying out the same reactions on small molecules, in order to understand the reaction pathway and to establish the reaction conditions and to obtain the benchmark characterisation data. Initially monofunctional ferrocene derivatives were prepared and condensed with mono- and bi-functional organic molecules, and bifunctional ferrocene derivatives were synthesised and condensed with mono functional organic molecules, to yield the small molecular condensation products. When the reaction conditions had been optimised the same reactions were extended to bifunctional ferrocene derivatives and bifunctional organic entities to obtain the co-polymers. After citing the relevant references in chapter one, the synthesis of mono- and bi-functional ferrocene containing diketones (FcCOCOK) by the oxidation of the synthesised mono-ketones is described in chapter 2 and their condensation with unsubstituted and substituted organic di- and tetra-amines to produce ferrocene containing mono-, bis - and poly-quinoxalines is described in chapter 3. The crystal structures of some of the compounds are also determined as definitive proof of characterisation. The attempted oxidation of ferrocenyl monoketones (FcCH2COR) to diketones by using selenium dioxide produced the coupled, dimeric, products (FcCHCOR)2. Electrochemical studies of the synthesised quinoxalines were also carried out. In chapter 4 are described the condensation of ferrocene aldehyde (FcCHO) and dialdehyde [(Fcd(CH0)2] with aromatic amines to yield ferrocene containing mono-, bis-and poly-imines. Chapter 5 deals with the synthesis and characterisation of ferrocene containing mono-, bis- and poly ketones synthesised by Friedel Crafts acytation reactions. The molecular weights of the synthesised ferrocene-containing polymers are also estimated with the help of hi NMR spectra.

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A previously developed theoretical analysis of the discharge coefficient for broad-crested weirs is investigated. Experimentally determined discharge coefficients are presented for a broad-crested weir of small crest width in an attempt to verify the theory, and an investigation of the geometry of the weir crest separation zone using a flow visualization technique is reported. Data from the literature for broad-crested weirs of large crest widths are also analyzed for comparison with the theory. Correlation between the experimental coefficients and the theory is not evident and the geometry of the crest separation zone is not observed to conform to that assumed by the theory. Probable reasons for the failure of the theory are discussed and variables which should be included in further investigation are indicated. / Master of Science

Small precision ball bearings were vibrated for eight hour periods and coastdown was measured before and after vibration to determine fretting corrosion damage to the bearings. The load, frequency of vibration, and amplitude of vibration were each varied to determine their effects on the fretting corrosion damage. No lubrication was used on the bearings, and the test atmosphere was held constant. A bearing was mounted on each end of a weighted shaft, and the outer race of the bearing was held in a small U-shaped housing. The housing was clamped to the shaker, and the shaker produced a vertical vibration of the bearing and shaft assembly. The vibratory load and the static load both produced a radial load on the bearings. The shaft was not rotated during vibration but was not restrained from rotation. Test results showed an increase in damage accompanying an increase in either the load, the frequency, or the amplitude. Curves for damage versus load showed a rapid rise initially, a levelling tendency in the medium frequency range, and then a more rapid rise in the high frequency range. The effect of the amplitude on damage was observed to increase for increased loads. The damage generally increased at a slower rate than the increase in load. / M.S.

This thesis is interested in the problem of debt management during the nineteen-fifties. National debt has now a days grown, especially after two world wars, to fantastic figures in many of the advanced countries. For this reason, the problem of the national debt has become an inevitable subject for discussion not only in Britain, but also in many other countries. National debt was, indeed, on incidental subject in the Britain literature. One of the prominent economists wrote, in the early years of the fifties, a little book expressing his dissatisfaction with this neglect of the problem of the debt: "its aim [the book's] is primarily to provoke discussion on the subject of the role of the national debt in our economic system, a question which has never been treated in full in any published work in this country. A quarter of a country has passed since Eargeaves wrote the only exhaustive study of the national debt, and a great deal of water has passed under the bridge since then. Even the learned journals are innocent of any full discussion of the significance and functions of the British national debt, in very sharp contrast with their opposite numbers in the united states of America." The events of the 1950's, with the activation of monetary policy, have however attracted more and more attention to the role of the national debt in the economic life of the nation. And become a lively subject for discussion. This thesis will try to discuss the significance of the British national debt form different points of view. Nevertheless, the close relationship between debt management and the monetary policy obliges us to devote the greater part of the study to the impact of debt on the monetary policy. However, For purposes of analysis, this work is divided into five parts as follows:- I- an introductory part on the structure, the growth and the ownership of the debt. II- Part two traces the impact of various types of debt on the course of monetary policy, i.e. discusses monetary policy in relation to debt management. III- Part Three tries to assess the effectiveness of this function of the debt. IV- Part four gauges the cost of monetary policy. V- The analysis is extended in part five to involve economic growth in relation to debt management. The period of the analysis covers the 1950's. "The nineteen-fifties are a particularly interesting period in the economic history of the United kingdom." This period has been, indeed, one of real growth in output. But it has been also characterized by severe inflation. To be more accurate, the analysis deals with the period beginning with the end of 1951 when monetary policy started to be applied more actively than in the preceding years. However, it may be profitable to extend the analysis to include the early years of the 1960's (i.e. 1960-62) in order to bring it, as far as possible, up to date. Lastly, this thesis is a theoretical as well as a statistical one.