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The purpose of this thesis is to give a biographical account of the life and labors of Charles Ora Card in order to show his contributions to the idle history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and in particular to the Latter-day Saint communities of Logan, Utah, and Cardston, Alberta.This work is based upon information found in journals kept by Charles Ora Card, supplemented with information from books, newspapers, manuscripts, diaries, and interviews to enrich and amplify the account.

<p> The Wapiabi-Belly River transition and the Belly River Formation was studied in detail in seven sections in the Ghost Dam spillway, near Ghost Dam,Alberta. Units in the lowest portion of the outcrop (Wapiabi) are characterized by sandy mudstones, often coarsening upwards. The mudstones are overlain by storm generated, hummocky cross-stratified sandstones and beach deposits. The vertical sequence represents a shallowing trend. </p> <p> Above the beach deposits lie sandstone and interbedded mudstone-sandstone units (Belly River) deposited in a meandering river environment. Sandstones thicker than approximately two metres were deposited as point bars, show sedimentary structures representative of channels and often pinch out, or laterally interfinger with mudstone. Interbedded mudstone-sandstone units were formed during flood stances. These overbank deposits are classified as either proximal or distal components of the meandering river system. </p> <p> Several marine trace fossils, (Macaronichnus segregatis, Skolithos, Planolites, Chondrites, Teichichnus, and Ophiomorpha nodasa), found in the Belly River rocks suggest a minor marine influence on the river system. </p> <p> The river system is inferred to have been moderately to highly sinuous and comparable in discharge to the Humber and Credit Rivers (Ontario). </p> <p> Petrographic studies show that point bar sandstones are often characterized by fining upward trends and an upward increase in the proportion of carbonate cement. </p> <p> Distal overbank deposits are normally overlain by proximal overbank deposits which inturn are overlain by either point bars or distal overbank deposits. Point bar deposits may be overlain by either proximal or distal overbank. </p> / Thesis / Bachelor of Science (BSc)

A 7.09 m lacustrine sediment core was taken from Mariana Lake, Alberta (55º57'N, 112º01'W) to determine if the regional vegetational complex had been affected by the mid-Holocene Hypsithermal. Dating control was provided by 6 radiocarbon dates, with a second degree polynomial fitted to the dates to give an age to depth curve. The basal date of the core is 11 300 ± 110 yr BP. Fossil pollen analysis of the core revealed five distinct pollen zones. Between 11 856 and 10 434 yr BP the study site supported a sparse herb dominated vegetation. A spruce and shrub birch assemblage followed, from 10 434 to 9 100 yr BP, with increased vegetation density. The climate was likely similar to today. This was replaced by a paper birch and spruce complex from 9 100 to 7 638 yr BP likely as a result of warming climate. A mild Hypsithermal effect is recorded between 7 638 and 5 623 yr BP. A forest of decreased crown density was created, with spruce, paper birch and poplar being the major vegetational components. Modern conditions have existed at the site from 5 623 yr BP onwards, though it is hypothesised the regional water budget may have increased slightly around 2 228 yr BP; increased peat development appears to have occurred at this time. Through the use of difference diagrams the site is compared to three other published sites which, along with Mariana Lake, form a north-south transect from the southern Boreal Forest to the northern Alberta Boreal Forest. The hypsithermal vegetation changes varies with distance to the Parkland-Boreal Forest ecotone boundary. It is concluded the parkland did not reach Mariana Lake during the mid-Holocene, though conditions at the site became similar to those at the southern edge of the Boreal Forest that is proximal to the parkland. / Thesis / Bachelor of Arts (BA)

<p> Macro-borings and other biogenic structures found in Ostrea glabra valves were examined using a dissecting microscope, SEM and X-radiography. Shells were collected from in situ and transported oyster beds of the Bearpaw-Horseshoe Canyon Formation transition (Upper Cretaceous) at Drumheller, Alberta. Emended diagnoses for Entobia, Talpina and Zapfella were proposed and systematic descriptions of these ichnogenera along with Oichnus were done. Repair blisters and partitions apparently formed by the oyster in response to irritations were also described and interpreted. It was confirmed that statistical analysis could differentiate between round holes drilled by naticids and muricids. It was possible to define fossil micro-environments on the basis of an interpretation of taphonomy and paleoecology considered within the sedimentary context.</p> / Thesis / Bachelor of Science (BSc)

<p> Several sections of the Milk River Formation were measured and studied in detail at Writing on Stone Provincial Park in Southern Alberta. The observed vertical facies succession consists of, from base to top: 1) interbedded, sharp-based sandstones and bioturbated shales; 2) dominantly swaley cross-stratified sandstones; 3) dominantly cross-bedded sandstones; 4) non-marine shales and various thin sandstone and lignite interbeds; 5) local, non-marine cross-bedded sandstones.</p> <p> The sharp-based sandstones have been episodically emplaced on top of offshore muds. The dominantly swaley cross-stratified sandstone is a storm-dominated shoreface deposit in which fairweather deposits (eg. medium scale cross-bedding), are rarely preserved. The cross-bedded sandstones record deposition in tidally-influenced estuaries which cut into beach and shoreface deposits. The section is capped by vertically accreted muds and thin lignite seams which represent floodplain and terrestrial deposition landwards of the strandline. The non-marine cross-bedded sandstones are local representatives of fluvial channel deposits.</p> <p> Paleoflow directions measured in the cross-bedded sandstones indicate that the regional strandline was oriented southwest - northeast at Writing on Stone.</p> <p> Petrographic analysis of the swaley cross-stratified and cross-beddedm sandstones indicate that they are Subarkoses. A definite upward coarsening trend from fine to medium grained quartz is observed in the main sandstone body.</p> / Thesis / Bachelor of Science (BSc)

Depuis peu, l’intégration et l’interprétation des données géoscientifiques peut s’effectuer dans des systèmes d’information géoscientifique (SIGS), afin de bâtir des modèles géologiques en trois dimensions. Ces systèmes sont encore à un stade juvénile de développement et d’utilisation, marqué par peu de méthodes et d’exemples d’application pour guider les utilisateurs potentiels. Une méthodologie de construction de modèles géologiques 3D a donc été développée à l’aide du logiciel gOcad™. Cette méthode est fondée sur l’intégration de données géoscientifiques de surface, d’un modèle numérique de terrain, et d’une mosaïque d’orthophotos. La modélisation est guidée par les contraintes géologiques établies par une étude structurale récente de la région à l’étude. La construction du modèle géologique a permis d’établir la géométrie tridimensionnelle des failles et des plis, ainsi que de déterminer l’extension latérale de ces structures. De plus, la méthode permet de résoudre la construction d’une surface géologique complexe partiellement affectée par un chevauchement. / Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2019

Predators play a critical role in regulating the structure and function of ecosystems by exhibiting top-down forces on lower trophic levels. Despite their important contributions in maintaining ecosystem health, lethal predator control remains a global wildlife management strategy to reduce predation on livestock, culturally and/or economically important species, and species at risk, as well as to reduce conflict with humans. Predator control has received criticism due in part to a paucity of rigorous research on the community-level impacts of this practice, beyond the target prey species. Specifically, there is a lack of understanding of the behavioural consequences of predator control on the wider ecological community. In this thesis, I used a multi-year camera trap dataset to evaluate how government-mandated grey wolf (Canis lupus) population reduction to conserve boreal woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) could impact the resource selection of the carnivore community in northeast Alberta, Canada. In my second chapter, I investigated whether perceived persecution risk due to predator control may alter wolf habitat selection. I found that wolves switched from positively associating with roads before predator control to avoiding anthropogenic linear features and selecting for block features after predator control. These results suggest that lethal control may prompt wolves to prioritize local prey acquisition near block features over movement on linear features. In my third chapter, I examined whether coyote, lynx, and black bear exhibited shifts in co-occurrence with habitat features, competitors, and prey consistent with a release from top-down suppression in response to predator control. I found that predator control triggered unexpected behavioural changes among coyote and lynx consistent with a release from top-down suppression, but not among black bears. Non-apex predator response to predator control may depend on the strength of competition between the apex and non-apex predator, emphasizing the need to consider bottom-up processes when trying to understand the indirect effects of predator control. This research demonstrates that predator control can have trickle-down effects within the larger ecological community, specifically affecting how species utilize resources. As predator control continues to be a recommended wildlife management strategy, it is imperative to continue investigating its unintended consequences throughout the ecological community. / Graduate

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