The research aims to study the adversarial principle and legal defense in administrative disciplinary proceedings, examined not only in its formal aspect, but also the material. For this, we start from the vision neoconstitucionalista law, especially characterized by the transformations that the rule of law and its influence on the administrative performance, highlighting the constitutionalization of administrative law as a result of this movement. At the time that will discuss the true meaning of democracy and the approximation of the relationship between state and citizen, was launched as a result of the shift in focus to administrative act administrative process. The approach will bring extensive administrative processuality sedimented as a new paradigm in consensual, citizen participation and democratic legitimacy of state activity, with the administrative process as a true instrument of positive role of government in the implementation of fundamental rights and the effective democratization of the State of Right. In this context, the research aims to deepen the study of the adversarial principle and wide defense in administrative disciplinary proceedings as a fundamental right of the citizen, serving as a tool for democratization of the state, and is in line with the new interpretation and application of the principles and values constitutional. With the effectiveness of this principle procedural constitutional guarantees to the citizen the full defense before the Disciplinary Committees, and to be effective, the defense should be performed technical point of influencing the decision of the judge in the administrative process. Thus, the discussion of the controversy will give around the analysis of the new vision of the right neoconstitucionalista, more focused on achievement of constitutional values and the effectiveness of fundamental rights, as opposed to the judicial practice of the Supreme Court, on the grounds that motivated Binding Precedent n. 05. / A pesquisa se propõe a estudar o princípio do contraditório e da ampla defesa no processo administrativo disciplinar, analisado não apenas sob seu aspecto formal, mas também material. Para isso, parte-se da visão neoconstitucionalista do direito, caracterizado especialmente pelas transformações verificadas no Estado de Direito e sua influência na atuação administrativa, destacando a constitucionalização do direito administrativo como decorrência deste movimento. Ao tempo que discorrerá sobre o verdadeiro sentido de democracia e a aproximação das relações entre o Estado e o cidadão, lançando como consequência a mudança de enfoque do ato administrativo para processo administrativo. A abordagem trará a ampla processualidade administrativa como novo paradigma sedimentado na consensualidade, participação do cidadão e na legitimidade democrática da atividade estatal, apresentando o processo administrativo como verdadeiro instrumento de atuação positiva do poder público na concretização dos direitos fundamentais e da efetiva democratização do Estado de direito. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa tem como objetivo aprofundar o estudo do princípio do contraditório e da ampla defesa no processo administrativo disciplinar como direito fundamental do cidadão, servindo de instrumento de democratização do Estado, coadunando-se com a nova interpretação e aplicação dos princípios e valores constitucionais. Com a efetividade deste princípio processual constitucional, garante-se ao cidadão a ampla defesa perante as Comissões de Processo Disciplinar, e para que seja efetiva, a defesa deve ser realizada de forma técnica a ponto de influenciar a decisão do julgador no processo administrativo. Dessa forma, a discussão da controvérsia dar-se-á em torno da análise da nova visão do direito neoconstitucionalista, mais voltada para concretização dos valores constitucionais e na efetividade dos direitos fundamentais, em contraposição à prática jurisprudencial da Corte Suprema, diante das razões que motivaram a Súmula Vinculante n. 05.

1 Abstract As a topic of the diploma thesis I have chosen the issue of electronic signature in relation to administrative proceedings. The field of electronic communication is incredibly diverse and it is growing very dynamically. For this reason, I found the topic interesting and usable in the future. There have not been many theses on this topic yet, so I did not have to solve the problem that it was not original. I have always had a positive attitude towards digital technology. At the same time, I was fortunate that I could have always been informed about information technologies by someone who was interested in the issue much earlier. No matter whether it was more experienced family member, high school teacher who by far exceeded the capacities of the educational institution, or patient colleague at work. As stated at the beginning, this work could not have been finished without the contribution of my father, who has been involved in the issue of electronic signatures for a long time, and who brought me to the idea of choosing this topic. The aim of this work was to describe possibilities of application of electronic signing in administrative proceedings, or in communication with public authorities. However, a simple description of the legislation, which is presently in practice, would not be...

The purpose of this thesis is to, as a case study, investigate the relationship between challenges related to New Public Management and the new Administrative Procedure Act that was enacted in 2017. The question reads: Can the guiding principles of the Administrative Procedure Act (2017:900) according to Prop. 2016/17: 180 be considered to take into account challenges arising from the introduction of New Public Management reforms in the public sector?  The material consists of Prop. 2016/17:180 and it is analyzed based on the qualitative text analysis method. The analysis tool is a set of questions based on the challenges that New Public Management reforms bring.  Conclusions: The guiding principles are largely adapted to the challenges that New Public Management Reforms bring about. Above all, this applies with the strengthening of the principle of legality (one of the three), which significantly influences the other two.

La definición de Entidad Pública a nivel formativo, tomando como referencia a la Ley del Procedimiento Administrativo, es la investigación llevada a cabo en la presente pesquisa mediante un tipo de investigación de resultados y documentales, junto a un diseño bibliográfico con un método analítico de análisis documental, formulándose como objeto de estudio proponer una definición al término entidad pública en la ley del procedimiento administrativo general, analizando el concepto de “entidad pública” existente en el ordenamiento peruano y a la luz del Derecho Comparado. Por tanto, para dar respuesta a la propuesta se estudiaron distintas fuentes, documentos, revistas, libros y páginas web con importantes aportes al tema de investigación para tratar la forma de organización constitucional del Estado, analizar el artículo I del Título Preliminar del Texto Único Ordenado de la Ley N° 27444, las características jurídicas de las entidades públicas y sus clases de acuerdo a nuestro ordenamiento jurídico, asimismo, realizar un análisis comparado con países como España y Argentina. De esta manera, se puede concluir señalando el vacío conceptual existente hasta la actualidad sobre la definición propiamente dicha de Entidad Pública tanto en el ordenamiento jurídico peruano como en los países de España y Argentina, motivo de investigación de la presente tesis con la finalidad de brindarle un concepto idóneo. / The definition of Public Entity at the educational level, taking the Administrative Procedure Law as a reference, is the investigation carried out through a type of results and documentary research, together with a bibliographic design with an analytical method of analysis. documentary, formulating as an object of study to propose a definition of the term public entity in the law of general administrative procedure, analyzing the concept of "public entity" existing in the Peruvian legal system and in the light of omparative Law. Therefore, in order to respond to the proposal, different sources, documents, magazines, books and web pages were studied with important contributions to the research topic to <leal with the form of constitutional organization ofthe State, analyze article I of the Preliminary Title of the Single Ordered Text of Law No. 27444, the legal characteristics of public entities and their classes according to our legal system, likewise, carry out a comparative analysis with countries such as Spain and Argentina. In this way, it can be concluded by pointing out the conceptual gap that exists to date on the definition itself of Public Entity both in the Peruvian legal system and in the countries of Spain and Argentina, the reason for the investigation of this thesis in order to provide a suitable concept.

Syftet med avhandlingen är att beskriva, analysera och diskutera vilka organisatoriska och interorganisatoriska förhållanden som har betydelse för mellanchefers möjlighet att driva hållbar verksamhetsutveckling. Avsikten är att studera samspelet mellan organisatoriska och interorganisatoriska förhållanden kopplat till mellanchefers förändringskompetens. Forskningen har skett inom ramen för ett omfattande nationellt FoU-projekt inom vård och omsorg. Projektets syfte var att arbeta med ett hållbart utvecklingsarbete som byggde på en bred delaktighet bland anställda och chefer. Studien är en kvalitativ studie med ett interaktivt förhållningssätt, vilket innebär en ambition att forska med de berörda inom ramen för en gemensam kunskapsbildning. Den interaktiva forskningen strävar efter att vara till praktisk nytta, men framförallt är syftet att bidra till teoriutvecklingen. De datainsamlingsmetoder som använts är arbetsplatsbesök, intervjuer, ”critical incident”-metoden, reflektions-PM (inom ramen för två utbildningar), analysdialog- och reflektionsseminarier, informella samtal samt återföringsträffar. Ett antal gemensamma aktiviteter har anordnats inom ramen för det nationella projektet, vilka även har fungerat som datainsamling och gemensam analys, såsom nationella konferenser, styrgruppsmöten m.m. Avhandlingens resultat visar att mellancheferna inom vård och omsorgssektorn kan ha en strategisk roll i verksamhetsutvecklingen. Avsikten med min forskning har inte varit att generalisera resultaten i traditionell mening, men att visa på mekanismer och förutsättningar för mellancheferna vid organisering av utvecklingsarbetet. De organisatoriska villkoren – i form av ekonomi, ansvar, befogenheter, professionalisering och företagskultur – påverkar starkt mellanchefernas förutsättningar att driva ett utvecklingsarbete. Min forskning visar på intressanta möjligheter för mellancheferna när det gäller att åstadkomma en vertikal och horisontell integrering av utvecklingsarbetet. Det finns exempel på hur mellanchefer kunnat påverka och utnyttja dessa förutsättningar för att skapa ett handlingsutrymme i organisationen för att driva ett utvecklingsarbete. De har använt sig av målstyrning, skapat utrymme för lärande och reflektion samt skapat en organisationskultur som stöder utveckling. De interorganisatoriska förutsättningarna – i form av externt nätverk, forskarstöd och partsamverkan – har varit viktiga för mellancheferna i deras utvecklingsarbete. / The aim of the dissertation is to describe, analyse and discuss those organisational and interorganisational conditions which are of importance for the enablement of middle managers to drive sustainable development in activity areas. The intention is to study the interplay between organisational and inter-organisational conditions coupled to the change competence of the middle managers. The research has been carried out within the framework of an extensive national R&amp;D project within healthcare and caring. The aim of the project was to work with a sustainable development effort which had as its foundation a broad participation between employees and management. The study is a qualitative study with an interactive type of approach, which implies an ambition to carry out research with those affected within the framework of a joint knowledge gathering. The interactive research attempts to be of practical use, but the aim is primarily to contribute to theoretical development. The data collection methods which have been used are visits to the workplaces, interviews, “critical-incident” methods, reflective-PMs (within the framework of two education areas), analytical dialog and reflective seminars, informal conversations and feedback meetings. A number of common activities have been organised within the framework of the national project, which have also functioned as data collection and common analyses, as well as national conferences, steering group meetings etc. The results of the dissertation show that middle managers within the healthcare and caring sector can have a strategic role in the development of this activity area. The intention of my research has not been to generalise the results in the traditional interpretation, but to reveal mechanisms and prerequisites for the middle managers in organising development efforts. The organisational conditions – in the form of economy, responsibility, authority, professionalisation and company culture – strongly affect the prerequisites of the middle manager for driving a development effort. My research demonstrates interesting opportunities for the middle managers concerning achieving a vertical and horizontal integration of the development effort. There are examples of how the middle managers have been able to influence and utilise these prerequisites in order to create room for action in the organisation for driving a development effort. They have availed themselves of goal orientation, created room for learning and reflection and have created an organisational culture that supports development. The inter-organisational prerequisitess – in the form of an external network, research support and collaboration of parties – has been important for the middle managers in their development efforts.

Pour être reconnu « citoyens », les Vietnamiens ont dû subir de longues années de guerre. Une République socialiste indépendante est créée et s’est développée mais la vie des citoyens est toujours difficile en raison notamment de la gestion de l’État à l’égard d’une économie planifiée suivant le modèle bureaucratique. Surmonter ces difficultés et améliorer la vie des citoyens deviennent des tâches urgentes pour l’État vietnamien. Cela a conduit à l’ouverture de Đổi mới (Renouveau) en 1986. Cette réforme économique en faveur du développement de l’économie de marché exige celle de l’administration, notamment en matière des formalités administratives. Cependant, il faut attendre jusqu’en 2001 pour avoir un premier programme de réforme administrative qui est appliqué dans tout ensemble du pays.L’exécution de ces réformes a apporté plusieurs changements dans tous les domaines pour le Vietnam, l’économie s’est développée et le niveau de vie des citoyens est de plus en plus important. Cependant, les inconvénients et les obstacles demeurent. Les citoyens sont toujours mécontents de la lenteur, de la lourdeur et de l’inefficacité de l’administration. De plus, l’adhésion du Vietnam à l’Organisation mondiale du Commerce (OMC), son intégration économique sur le plan national et international, l’élargissement des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication constituent des enjeux forts et nouveaux pour un pays en voie de développement. Ainsi, l’administration doit être plus démocratique, simplifiée, transparente, puissante, professionnelle, moderne et efficace, et favorisant la participation des citoyens à son action afin de mieux répondre à leur nouvelles attentes. / To be recognized as « citizens », Vietnamese people have had to under through years of war against foreign invaders. A socialist republic were created and developped, however its citizens have been always bearing difficulties caused the bureaucratic administration and a planned economy.Overcoming and improving citizen’s life standards become uttermost missions of the Government. These led to the Đổi mới (Renovation) in 1986 in Vietnam. The economic reform toward market economy required a similar reform in administrative mechanism, especially in administrative procedures. However, the first administrative reforms on national scale had not been started until 2001.These reforms have resulted in changes in all sectors in Vietnam, the economy develops and citizens’ life standard improved. Nevertheless, burdens and shortcomings are still there. Vietnam citizens are still dispointed by the slowness, heaviness and ineffectiveness of the administrative apparatus. Moreover, Vietnam’s accession to WTO, national and international economic integration, enhanced application of information technology are actually factors for development. Similarly, administration apparatus should be stronger, more democratic, simplified, transparent, professional, effective and modernized, so that it could promote citizen participation in its activities to meet their expectation.

This dissertation analyzes administrative discretion in public policy implementation in application of a new framework of integrative approach to administrative discretion developed from deficiencies of the citizen participation, representative bureaucracy, and private-interest groups democracy frameworks. The new framework holds that public agencies use discretion to integrate in decision making views of elected authorities, private-interest groups, public-interest groups, and other groups that seek to influence implementation. The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) policy is used as the case study, and the U.S. Department of Education (DOE) is the implementation setting. The dissertation answers the following question: How integrative of group views was DOE’s discretionary decision making in the implementation of NCLB? This research applies a structured content analysis method that consists of content analysis and a content analysis schedule (see Jauch, Osborn, & Martin, 1980). Using a Likert question, the dissertation developed six integration levels of DOE’s discretionary decision making from not at all integrative to extremely integrative and found that most decisions were very integrative. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

As últimas décadas têm sido caracterizadas por um intenso desenvolvimento da informática e da telemática. Na Administração Pública, a utilização dessas novas tecnologias provo-cou o aparecimento de um novo modo de atuação, designado pela expressão governo ele-trônico. O governo eletrônico constitui uma realidade a ser explorada também sob uma perspectiva jurídica. As bases constitucionais e legais pertinentes permitem verificar que ele está sujeito a um enquadramento sistemático, sendo regido por princípios como a equi-valência de suportes, a eficiência administrativa, a equivalência de garantias e a interope-rabilidade entre os sistemas informáticos. O uso das novas tecnologias traz importantes reflexos sobre institutos clássicos do direito administrativo, tais como o ato e o processo administrativo, que precisam ser reavaliados de acordo com o novo contexto. O ato admi-nistrativo, antes formalizado somente em papel e com a intervenção direta do homem, é passível de ser expedido em forma eletrônica ou pela atuação automatizada de um sistema informático. O processo administrativo, visto como um mecanismo de troca e produção da informação, pode valer-se do suporte digital, abrindo a oportunidade para o relacionamento telemático e para a automatização de tarefas, com relevantes consequências sobre a estru-tura do procedimento e sobre os atos processuais. / The last decades have been characterized by an intense development of information tech-nology and telematics. In public administration, the use of these new technologies pro-duced a new way of operating, designated e-government. E-government must be explored also under a legal perspective. The applicable constitutional and legal bases allow one to verify that electronic government is submitted to a systematic framework, governed by principles such as media neutrality, administrative efficiency, equivalence of guarantees and interoperability between computer systems. The use of new technologies has important effects on traditional elements of administrative law, such as administrative act and admin-istrative procedure, which must be revisited according to this new context. The administra-tive act, which previously was only paper-based and had a direct involvement of an indi-vidual, may now be issued in electronic form or by an automated computer system. The administrative procedure, seen as a mechanism of information exchange and production, can make use of digital media, creating the opportunity for telematic interaction and auto-mation of tasks, with important consequences for the structure of the procedure and procedural acts.

Neste trabalho buscamos investigar a aplicação dos mecanismos de participação dos administrados nos processos administrativos de elaboração dos contratos de parceria público-privada (PPP) e indicar alternativas de aprimoramento do diálogo com o Poder Público para possibilitar a preparação de avenças aos objetivos desses tipos de concessão. Concentramos nossas reflexões em quatro instrumentos que permitem a aproximação dos administrados na modelagem dos contratos de concessão administrativa e patrocinada, quais sejam, o procedimento de manifestação de interesse (PMI), a consulta pública, a audiência pública e o roadshow. / This essay intends to analyze individuals´ participation mechanism in the administrative procedure of public-private partnership (PPP) contract elaboration and to indicate alternatives for a better dialogue with Public Sector, in order to prepare the agreements and to assure its attainment to the objectives of such concession model. The analysis is focused in four different instruments that grant the individual approach on the developing of the PPP contracts, which are: call for expressions of interest (translated as PMI - procedimento de manifestação de interesse), public consultation, public hearing and roadshow.

<p>Syftet med avhandlingen är att beskriva, analysera och diskutera vilka organisatoriska och interorganisatoriska förhållanden som har betydelse för mellanchefers möjlighet att driva hållbar verksamhetsutveckling. Avsikten är att studera samspelet mellan organisatoriska och interorganisatoriska förhållanden kopplat till mellanchefers förändringskompetens. Forskningen har skett inom ramen för ett omfattande nationellt FoU-projekt inom vård och omsorg. Projektets syfte var att arbeta med ett hållbart utvecklingsarbete som byggde på en bred delaktighet bland anställda och chefer.</p><p>Studien är en kvalitativ studie med ett interaktivt förhållningssätt, vilket innebär en ambition att forska med de berörda inom ramen för en gemensam kunskapsbildning. Den interaktiva forskningen strävar efter att vara till praktisk nytta, men framförallt är syftet att bidra till</p><p>teoriutvecklingen. De datainsamlingsmetoder som använts är arbetsplatsbesök, intervjuer, ”critical incident”-metoden, reflektions-PM (inom ramen för två utbildningar), analysdialog- och reflektionsseminarier, informella samtal samt återföringsträffar. Ett antal gemensamma aktiviteter har anordnats inom ramen för det nationella projektet, vilka även har fungerat som datainsamling och gemensam analys, såsom nationella konferenser, styrgruppsmöten m.m.</p><p>Avhandlingens resultat visar att mellancheferna inom vård och omsorgssektorn kan ha en strategisk roll i verksamhetsutvecklingen. Avsikten med min forskning har inte varit att generalisera resultaten i traditionell mening, men att visa på mekanismer och förutsättningar för mellancheferna vid organisering av utvecklingsarbetet. De organisatoriska villkoren – i form av ekonomi, ansvar, befogenheter, professionalisering och företagskultur – påverkar starkt mellanchefernas förutsättningar att driva ett utvecklingsarbete. Min forskning visar på intressanta möjligheter för mellancheferna när det gäller att åstadkomma en vertikal och horisontell integrering av utvecklingsarbetet. Det finns exempel på hur mellanchefer kunnat påverka och utnyttja dessa förutsättningar för att skapa ett handlingsutrymme i organisationen för att driva ett utvecklingsarbete. De har använt sig av målstyrning, skapat utrymme för lärande och reflektion samt skapat en organisationskultur som stöder utveckling. De interorganisatoriska förutsättningarna – i form av externt nätverk, forskarstöd och partsamverkan – har varit viktiga för mellancheferna i deras utvecklingsarbete.</p> / <p>The aim of the dissertation is to describe, analyse and discuss those organisational and interorganisational conditions which are of importance for the enablement of middle managers to drive sustainable development in activity areas. The intention is to study the interplay between organisational and inter-organisational conditions coupled to the change competence of the middle managers. The research has been carried out within the framework of an extensive national R&D project within healthcare and caring. The aim of the project was to work with a sustainable development effort which had as its foundation a broad</p><p>participation between employees and management.</p><p>The study is a qualitative study with an interactive type of approach, which implies an ambition to carry out research with those affected within the framework of a joint knowledge gathering. The interactive research attempts to be of practical use, but the aim is primarily to contribute to theoretical development. The data collection methods which have been used are visits to the workplaces, interviews, “critical-incident” methods, reflective-PMs (within the framework of two education areas), analytical dialog and reflective seminars, informal conversations and feedback meetings. A number of common activities have been organised within the framework of the national project, which have also functioned as data collection and common analyses, as well as national conferences, steering group meetings etc.</p><p>The results of the dissertation show that middle managers within the healthcare and caring sector can have a strategic role in the development of this activity area. The intention of my research has not been to generalise the results in the traditional interpretation, but to reveal mechanisms and prerequisites for the middle managers in organising development efforts. The organisational conditions – in the form of economy, responsibility, authority, professionalisation and company culture – strongly affect the prerequisites of the middle manager for driving a development effort. My research demonstrates interesting opportunities for the middle managers concerning achieving a vertical and horizontal integration of the development effort. There are examples of how the middle managers have been able to influence and utilise these prerequisites in order to create room for action in the organisation for driving a development effort. They have availed themselves of goal orientation, created room for learning and reflection and have created an organisational culture that supports development. The inter-organisational prerequisitess – in the form of an external network, research support and collaboration of parties – has been important for the middle managers in their development efforts.</p>