The $ sp3$H thymidine incorporation (TTI) method has been frequently used to estimate benthic bacterial production rates in well oxygenated marine and river sediments, but not in the frequently more reduced lake sediments. In chapter 1, I evaluate the published sediment production literature and examine useful predictors of in situ bacterial production in mostly marine and riverine sediments. In chapters 2 and 3, I estimated and compared benthic production rates by TTI, frequency of dividing cells (FDC), the dilution method (DIL) and sediment respiration (SR) in 13 Quebec lakes to assess the reliability of the TTI based production rates. The TTI method was first calibrated, but despite keeping incubation times short and at in situ temperature, using optimal sediment volumes to saturate $ sp3$H thymidine (TdR) uptake rates, and correcting production rates for $ sp3$H-DNA recovery efficiencies, only a maximum of 10% of $ sp3$H TdR was incorporated into DNA and only extracellular isotope dilution could be accounted for (chapter 2). Most problematic, however, is the increasing presence of active bacteria unable to take up and incorporate TdR as lake sediments become more reduced (chapter 3). TTI based results are also not nearly as well correlated to environmental factors as those obtained from SR. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

No description available.

No description available.

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

published_or_final_version / abstract / Education / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Geography and Geology / Master / Master of Philosophy

Ce mémoire présente, dans une première partie, une analyse détaillée des flux migratoires entre les différentes régions administratives du Québec entre 1991 et 2006. Nous avons utilisé quelques indicateurs permettant de quantifier l’importance de ces mouvements à la fois sur la région d’origine et sur la population d’accueil. Afin de réaliser ce travail, nous avons eu recours aux matrices de flux migratoires entre les 17 régions administratives québécoises, matrices qui sont publiées par l’Institut de la Statistique du Québec à l’aide du fichier de la Régie de l’assurance-maladie du Québec (RAMQ). Les méthodes d’analyse utilisées nous ont permis de mesurer l’intensité de ces flux, leur concentration spatiale, l’orientation spatiale des émigrants, les hiérarchies des régions administratives ainsi que l’efficience des migrations interrégionales du Québec. Nous avons analysé comment les régions administratives du Québec sont affectées par la migration interrégionale. Dans une deuxième partie, nous avons porté notre attention sur la migration interrégionale en fonction de certains groupes d’âge. L’étude des migrations en fonction du groupe d’âge a permis de mieux saisir les conséquences démographiques de ces mouvements pour les régions d’origine et de destination, particulièrement en ce qui concerne la structure de la population résultant de ces flux. Finalement, dans une troisième partie, nous avons analysé les mouvements migratoires entre l’île de Montréal et les Municipalités Régionales de Comté des quatre régions qui l’entourent afin de comprendre la part de l’étalement urbain dans l’émigration des Montréalais. Les résultats obtenus nous permettent de conclure en dégageant certaines tendances. D’abord, nous avons établi que les migrations dans la province de Québec se font des régions éloignées vers les régions du centre. Ces régions gagnantes renferment ou avoisinent les grands centres urbains de la province : Québec, Montréal et Ottawa. Nous assistons donc à une redéfinition du paysage québécois : le nord se déserte, le centre a une faible croissance et la grande région de Montréal, plus particulièrement les régions en banlieue de l’île de Montréal, est en nette croissance. Ensuite, l’analyse par groupe d’âge a illustré que les régions excentrées ont très rarement des soldes positifs et que les jeunes sont très nombreux à quitter ces régions. Pour l’île de Montréal, ce sont les jeunes qui arrivent en grand nombre. Cependant, après la trentaine, les gens désertent l’île pour d’autres régions de la province. Ces départs profitent aux régions adjacentes, qui font d’énormes gains chez les jeunes travailleurs. Finalement, l’analyse des échanges migratoires entre l’île de Montréal et les MRC des quatre régions adjacentes nous a permis de constater que ces MRC sont très souvent gagnantes dans leurs échanges migratoires. Particulièrement lors de la période 2001-2006, où seulement deux territoires sont perdants dans leurs échanges migratoires avec les autres régions du système, soit l’île de Montréal et la MRC de Longueuil. / This thesis presents in its first part a detailed analysis of migratory flows between Quebec’s different administrative regions between 1991 and 2006. We used a few indicators which enabled us to quantify the importance of these movements on both the region of origin and the host population. In order to accomplish this task, we used the migratory flow matrices between the 17 administrative regions of Quebec that are published by the Institut de la Statistique du Québec, who makes use of the file of the Régie de l’assurance-maladie du Québec (RAMQ). The methods of analysis we used allowed us to measure the intensity of these flows, their spatial concentration, the spatial orientation of the emigrants, the hierarchies of the administrative regions, as well as the efficiency of Quebec’s interregional migrations. We analyzed how Quebec’s administrative regions are affected by interregional migration. In the second part of this thesis, we directed our attention to interregional migration as a function of certain age groups. The study of migrations as a function of the age group allowed us to better understand the demographical consequences of these movements for the regions of origin and of destination, particularly on the population structure resulting from these flows. Finally, in the third part, we analyzed the migratory movements between the island of Montreal and the Regional County Municipalities of its four surrounding regions to understand the role of the urban spread in the emigration of Montrealers. The results obtained allow us to deduce a few tendencies. Firstly, we have established that migration in the province of Quebec happens from remote regions to central regions. These winning regions contain the important urban centres of the province, or are adjacent to them: Quebec, Montreal and Ottawa. We are therefore witnessing a redefinition of Quebec’s landscape: the North is being deserted, there is weak growth in the centre, and in the Montreal metropolitan area, especially in the regions in the suburbs of the island of Montreal, there is a clear growth. Next, the analysis as a function of the age group illustrated that the non-central regions very rarely present positive net migrations, and that youth leave these regions in great numbers. For the island of Montreal, it is the youth that arrive in great numbers. However, people over thirty abandon the island and head for other regions of the province. These departures are beneficial for the neighbouring regions, who receive huge growths in young workers. Finally, the analysis of the migratory exchanges between the island of Montreal and the RCMs of its four neighbouring regions allowed us to notice that these RCMs very often win in their migratory exchanges. This is particularly true for the 2001-2006 period, when only two territories lose in their migratory exchanges with the other regions in the system, namely the island of Montreal and the Longueuil RCM.

據稿本複印 / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學硏究院傳播學部,1993. / 參考文獻: leaves 88-92 / 許冬華. / Chapter 1. --- 引言 --- p.1 / Chapter 2. --- 理論架構 --- p.3 / Chapter 2.1 --- 批判研究與馬克思理論 / Chapter 2.2 --- 政治經濟學觀點與傳統馬克思理論 / Chapter 2.3 --- 媒介擁有者對媒介的影響 / Chapter 2.4 --- 廣告對媒介的影響 / Chapter 3. --- 澳門概況 --- p.19 / Chapter 3.1 --- 澳門的政治情況 / Chapter 3.2 --- 澳門的經濟狀況 / Chapter 3.3 --- 澳門的傳媒 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- 報業簡史 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- 現代澳門報業 / Chapter 4. --- 假設及研究方法 --- p.33 / Chapter 4.1 --- 假設 / Chapter 4.2 --- 量度與研究樣本 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- 因變量一報導傾向 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- 自變量一報章擁有者與中國勢力的密切程度 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- 自變量一報章廣告來源依賴中國勢力程度 / Chapter 4.3 --- 訪問 / Chapter 5 . --- 研究結果與分析 --- p.45 / Chapter 5.1 --- 報章擁有者與報導傾向 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- 報導篇幅 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- 報導位置 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- 報導取向 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- 小结 / Chapter 5.2 --- 廣告來源與報導傾向 / Chapter 5.3 --- 廣告來源與澳門報業結構 / Chapter 6 . --- 討論及總結 --- p.70 / 註釋 --- p.76 / 書目 --- p.88 / 附錄一：編碼表 --- p.93 / 附錄二 ： 候選人名單 --- p.95

O objetivo desta tese é construir um modelo de composição de carteiras de recursos energéticos dentro do Planejamento Integrado de Recursos Energéticos (PIR), aplicável em uma determinada região ou país. Este modelo inclui as etapas de definição do espaço geográfico de estudo, o mapeamento de recursos, a caracterização dos recursos energéticos existentes e sua valoração. Após estas etapas, é feita a composição de carteiras energéticas, seguida pela construção de cenários e análise de riscos e incertezas para a definição da carteira preferencial dos recursos energéticos da região. Como ferramentas de apoio, são adaptados modelos matemáticos aplicados em sistemas financeiros para a seleção e análise de carteiras de investimentos, modelos para a avaliação de riscos e incertezas, o software de Planejamento de Alternativas Energéticas de Longo Alcance (LEAP) para a criação de cenários e previsão da demanda energética e o software Decision Lens (DL) para o ranqueamento e a alocação de recursos financeiros dos recursos energéticos dentro da carteira definida, considerando as dimensões técnico-econômico, ambiental, social e política. A caracterização dos recursos energéticos envolve o levantamento das características socioeconômicas, ambientais, o perfil dos envolvidos e interessados do setor energético, a listagem de recursos energéticos locais (hídricos, eólicos, solares, nucleares, biomassa, geotérmicas, células a combustíveis dentre outros). Também são levantadas características construtivas das tecnologias existentes e que podem ser incorporadas na matriz energética da região em estudo. O processo de avaliação dos potenciais energéticos envolve o cálculo dos potenciais energéticos teóricos de cada recurso energético existente na região. Após a avaliação dos potenciais, faz-se a priorização ou ranqueamento destes recursos através de critérios pré-definidos, em duas avaliações diferentes: Avaliação Determinística dos Custos Completos (ADCC) e Avaliação Holística dos Custos Completos (AHCC). Para gerar ambos os rankings utiliza-se o software Decision Lens (DL) baseado no método do Processo de Análise Hierárquico (PAH). O cruzamento das avaliações resulta em ranking geral dos recursos energéticos, utilizado posteriormente para a construção de carteiras dos recursos energéticos. Na valoração dos recursos energéticos, consideram-se atributos ambientais, sociais, técnico-econômicos e políticos, que podem afetar a formação de carteiras eficientes dentro do PIR a longo prazo. O resultado do processo de valoração é o potencial energético realizável da região em estudo. Para este potencial, aplica-se o modelo analítico de formação de carteiras de recursos energéticos. Neste são considerados o ranking, o volume de investimentos, os atributos ambientais (emissões), sociais (IDH, número de empregos, ocupação de solo), políticos (incentivos governamentais, impostos) e todos os parâmetros técnicoeconômicos relacionados às tecnologias selecionadas para o aproveitamento de cada recurso energético. Com a incorporação destas variáveis no modelo, faz-se simulações para a obtenção de carteiras ótimas para a construção do Plano Preferencial dentro do Planejamento Integrado dos Recursos Energéticos. / The main objective of this thesis is to establish a model to guide the composition of energy resources portfolios in the process of the Integrated Resources Planning (IRP) in a region or a country. This includes steps such as the definition of the geographical space of study, mapping of resources, characterization of existing energy resources, and valuation of energy resources. After these steps, the portfolios are formed, followed by the construction of scenarios, and the analysis of risks and uncertainties for the definition of the preferential portfolio of energy resources in the region. Supporting tools based on mathematical models used in financial systems are adapted to the selection and analysis of investment portfolios, models for the evaluation of risks and uncertainties, the Long Range Energy Alternatives Planning Software (LEAP) to create energy demand scenarios and the Decision Lens Software (DL) to rank and allocate financial resources of energy resources within a defined portfolio, considering the technical-economic, environmental, social and political dimensions. The energy resources characterization involves the removal of socioeconomic characteristics, environmental, the profile of those involved and interested in the energy sector, the listing of local energy resources (water, wind, solar, nuclear, geothermal, biomass, fuel cells among other). Constructive features have also been raised of existing technologies and that can be incorporated into the energy matrix of the region under study. The process of energy potential evaluation involves the calculation of theoretical potential energy of each existing energy resource in the region. After the assessment of potential, it was ranking resources through pre-established criteria in two different assessments: Full costs Deterministic Evaluation (ADCC) and Holistic Assessment of Full Costs (AHCC). To generate both rankings, it was used the software Decision Lens (DL) based on the method of Tiered Analysis process (PAH). With both assessment results, it is build the overall ranking of energy resources, used to build an energy resources portfolio. In the valuation of energy resources, environmental, social, technical economic and political attributes are considered to the resources valuation that may affect the portfolio selection within the IRP in the long term. The result of the valuation process is the disposable energy potential of the region in the study. Using the information above, finally, it was applied an analytical portfolio selection model of energy resources. It considered the ranking, the volume of investments, the environmental attributes (emission), social (IDH, number of jobs, occupation of land), political (Government incentives, taxes) and all the parameters related to the technical-economical selected technologies for the enjoyment of each energy resource. With the incorporation of these variables in the model, simulations for obtaining optimal portfolios for the construction of the Preferred Plan within the IERP.