The purpose of the study was to investigate Chinese adults' motivational orientations for learning and the deterrents to participation in educational activities and compare the motivational factors and deterrents to participation between Chinese men and women. The participants in the study were 377 Chinese men and 202 women from fifteen adult education programs in Chengdu city, China southwest capital of Sichuan province.Roger Boshier's Education Participation Scale and Scanlan and Darkenwald's Deterrents to Participation Scale were used as data collection instruments. The mean scores of EPS and DPS items were calculated and used for examination of the extent to which they influenced Chinese adults' decisions to and not to participate in educational activities. The data from EPS and DPS were analyzed by using Chi-square statistics to examine the relationship between Chinese men and women in terms of motivational orientations for learning and deterrents to participation.The study found that the factor of Professional Advancement showed the strongest motivation which influenced Chinese adults on their decisions of participation in adult education. Followed by the factor of Social Welfare and the factor of Social Relationship. The factor of ExternalExpectation was found the least influential typology on decision of participation.The deterrent factor of Lack of Course Relevance showed the highest summed mean scores of all six dimensions. The reasons related to the institutional barrier appeared to have the strongest influence on Chinese adults' decisions not to participate in adult education. To a lesser extent, mean scores in the factors of Time Constraints and Cost indicated moderate influence on decisions not to participate. The Personal Problems was found with the lowest mean score in the Deterrents to Participation Scale.Significant differences were found between Chinese men and women in the factors of External Expectations, Escape/Stimulation and Cognitive Interest at .01 level (p.<.01), and factors of Social Relationship and Social Welfare at .05 level (p.<.05).In terms of deterrents to participation, significant differences were found between Chinese men and women in the factor of Time Constraints at .01 level, and the factors of Lack of Course Relevance, Cost and Personal Problems at .05 level. / Department of Educational Leadership

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Social Sciences

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College. / Typescript. Sponsor: Wilbur C. Hallenbeck. Dissertation Committee: Edmond deS. Brunner, Harold F. Clark, Paul L. Essert, . Type B project. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [238]-244).

by Chiu Mo Chi. / Includes questionaire in Chinese. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-80). / ABSTRACT --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.ii / LIST OF FIGURE --- p.v / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter A --- BACKGROUND --- p.1 / Chapter B --- RESEARCH QUESTION --- p.11 / Chapter C --- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY --- p.12 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK / Chapter A --- THEORIES OF MOTIVATION FOR ADULT LEARNING --- p.14 / Chapter B --- THEORIES OF PARTICIPATION --- p.24 / Chapter C --- THEORIES OF ADULT STUDENT'S RETENTION --- p.33 / Chapter D --- CONTEXTUAL VARIABLES --- p.36 / Chapter E --- CONCEPTION OF THE STUDY --- p.38 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY / Chapter A --- DEFINITIONS --- p.42 / Chapter B --- HYPOTHESES --- p.45 / Chapter C --- INSTRUMENTATION --- p.46 / Chapter D --- SAMPLING --- p.49 / Chapter E --- DATA ANALYSES --- p.52 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- FINDINGS / Chapter A --- CONTEXTUAL VARIABLES --- p.53 / Chapter B --- "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STUDENT SELF-ESTEEM, STUDENT EXPECTATION, CLASSROOM ENVIRON- MENT AND RATE OF CLASS ATTENDANCE" --- p.56 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE --- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS --- p.63 / REFERENCES --- p.73 / APPENDICES --- p.81

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration

published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Work

The educational policy for adults in China has fluctuated over the 40-year period since the founding of the People's Republic of China. The purpose of this study will include the effects on adult education of ideological shifts in the underlying educational philosophy related to social and political development in China during the three identifiable key periods of change associated with the re-building and development of the nation from 1949 to 1986; namely, (1) 1949-1966, the beginning of the Communist Era; (2) 1966-1976, the Cultural revolution period; (3) 1976-1986, the period after the Cultural Revolution. / In many cases, the development of Chinese education for adults has been quite irregular due to political upheavals. Marxist principles of education have been felt in China to be difficult to integrate with the developmental needs of the country. Commitment to adult education as an important element of the development pattern has been high, but political struggle has seriously hampered educational expansion. The struggle within the high-level leadership seems to have been the most direct reason for ideological shifts over the 37 year period.

Adult education is shaped by the socio-cultural and historical context in which it occurs. Hong Kong is confronting immense social change as it will cease to be a colony of the United Kingdom and become a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China in 1997. The reversion of sovereignty to China in 1997 is already changing the political, social, and cultural context although the Sino-British Joint Declaration (initialled on September 26, 1984 and formally took, effect on May 27, 1985) stipulated that Hong Kong's existing capitalist system and life-style would remain unchanged for 50 years after 1997. However, by 1989, it was clear that what people were "thinking" or "believing" about the situation was having a more potent effect on Hong Kong than legal documents or slogans such as "one country, two systems." Thus, this study was largely couched within a phenomenological frame of reference. The situation of Hong Kong is unprecedented and people face uncertainty as they enter the run-up to 1997. The "city of jitters" is undergoing a process of decolonization on the one hand and integration with Mainland China on the other. Adult education helps people prepare for change, but at the same time, is shaped by people's ideas of what the present situation is and what the future will be like. The purposes of this study were: 1. To obtain estimates concerning the anticipated changes in the content and processes of adult/continuing education (ACE) in the run-up to 1997. 2. To establish the extent to which socio-demographic variables of respondents explained variance in estimates (concerning the anticipated changes in the content and processes of ACE). 3. To establish the extent to which the political orientations of respondents explained variance in estimates (concerning the anticipated changes in the content and processes of ACE). 4. To examine the relationships between respondents1 "emigration intentions" and their estimates (concerning the anticipated changes in the content and processes of ACE). This was an ex post facto study in which 122 Hong Kong adult educators completed questionnaires which asked them to make estimates concerning the future content and processes of adult education. Following this, the researcher examined the extent to which the respondents' socio-demographic characteristics (and political orientations) explained variance in estimates (concerning the content and processes of adult education). Respondents claimed that in the run-up to 1997, for people staying, interests in "Management," "China Studies" and "Business & Commerce" programs will increase strongly. They believed that people leaving Hong Kong temporarily or leaving permanently will be greatly interested in "Technical Training" programs but their interests in "Law," "China Studies" and "Social Sciences" will decrease. Respondents thought that in the run-up to 1997, the use of adult education methods and techniques will increase (generally and in the workplace). They claimed that there will a larger increase in the use of "Courses By Computer" in Hong Kong generally and in the workplace. Age and educational qualification of respondents were significantly related to their estimates concerning the anticipated changes in ACE. There was no significant association between respondents' political orientations and their estimates. Nor were their "emigration intentions" significantly related to estimates. It appears that, in general, the structional-functional approach to adult education will remain. / Education, Faculty of / Educational Studies (EDST), Department of / Graduate

No description available.

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education