Paper industry in Taiwan is mainly focused on domestic demand. Its production and sales not only are related to economic growth but also serve as an index of a nation¡¦s economic situation. Due to the business model of this industry, production line workers compose the majority of employees of the enterprise. So production supervisors play a very important role in the effectiveness of first-line worker management and improvement of operation procedures. Therefore, production supervisors in Taiwan paper industry are focused as the subject of this research. The purpose of this study is to propose, by applying Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), an approach to construct Performance Evaluation Indicators and weights. Specific suggestions for the construction and modification of Performance Appraisal system for paper industry in Taiwan will also be made. The research method includes literature review and references made to industrial practice, by which performance appraisal criteria for production supervisors were drafted. Further, expert survey on the evaluation system in use was carried out among members of Taiwan Paper Industry Association. Based on the data gathered from the questionnaire survey, analysis of importance and the AHP approach were applied to construct the structure and weights of the Performance Appraisal Criteria for production supervisors. Also, validation was made in a manufacture of the paper industry. Empirical examination supports the practicality and fitness of the structure of this Performance Evaluation System. Finally, analysis results were concluded into suggestions for administrative practice and future studies. Findings of this research are as follows: I. Performance Appraisal Criteria and weights The Performance Appraisal Criteria includes the following three constructs: 1. Work achievement (Weight : 0.4092) ; 2. Professional capacity (Weight : 0.3383); 3. Work behavior and attitude (Weight : 0.2525). II. Secondary Performance Appraisal Criteria and weights 1. ¡§Work achievement¡¨ construct includes the following 6 items: (1) Occupational safety (Weight: 0.1598); (2) Product quality (Weight: 0.0739); (3) Cost control (Weight: 0.0536); (4) Discipline (Weight: 0.0409); (5) Production capacity (Weight: 0.0408); (6) Equipment utilization efficiency (Weight: 0.0400). ¡@2. ¡§Professional capacity¡¨ construct includes 6 items: (1) Executive skills (Weight : 0.0549); (2) Leadership (Weight : 0.0512); (3) Resourcefulness (Weight : 0.0423); (4) Professional knowledge and skills (Weight : 0.0404); (5) Interpersonal relationship skills (Weight : 0.0323); (6) Strategy-making (Weight : 0.0314). ¡@3. ¡§Work behavior and attitude¡¨ construct has 7 sub-items: (1) Teamwork and cooperation (Weight 0.0676); (2) Integrity (Weight 0.0577); (3) Responsibility (Weight 0.0545); (4) Proactivity (Weight 0.0439); (5) Cost-consciousness (Weight 0.0434); (6) Professional attitude (Weight 0.0403); (7) Self-control (Weight 0.0309).

If ¡§People¡¨ are the most important source of an enterprise, undoubtedly, the most important asset of hotel industry is its working staffs. The measurement of asset requires a perfect internal management system to operate it normally, in which an important management tool is to apply the system of performance management, which could introduce the operation of performance appraisal correctly and effectively, and to develop HR asset of hotel industry higher and have more competition value. This research starts from the discussion of literature theory and the expert interview of hotel industry, and then uses Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to design questionnaire and makes questionnaire survey. It is expected to extract the important perspectives of performance appraisal of room attendant in hotel from the investigated statistic data, and then develop standards for performance appraisal. Finally is to collect performance appraisal indicator of hotel room attendant and the weight of each indicator, and propose to hotel industry as reference. This research established the framework and weight of performance appraisal indicator of room attendant in hotel industry, and discovered that the priorities of the second hierarchy level indicator of the performance appraisal of room attendant in hotel industry in turns are work result, behavior feature and personal feature; in which the work result almost made up half of the total weight. Therefore, it could be seen that work result is the most important one in the performance appraisal of room attendant in hotel industry; in particular, for the service oriented hotel industry, the work result presented by staffs is the critical factor to evaluate whether the working staffs offer the service quality comply with the requirements of the company or not.

The purpose of this study is using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to inspect the evaluative criteria of performance and weighted model that are suit for nurse anesthetists. AHP not only can provide the supervisor a more effective, justifiable, and objective method in evaluation but also can indicate the personal achievement and development to nurse anesthetists themselves. To reinforce the employees¡¦ core abilities and assist the management of organization, AHP is anticipated to substitute for the traditional subjective impression-based evaluative method. The research method includes consulting the references and industrial practices, by which performance appraisal criteria for nurse anesthetists were drafted. Furthermore, expert survey on the evaluation system in use was carried out among managers of the department of anesthesiology of 17 medical centers. Based on the data gathered from the questionnaire survey, analysis of importance and the AHP approach were applied to construct the structure and weights of the Performance Appraisal Criteria for nurse anesthetists. Also, verification was made in the department of anesthesiology of a chosen medical center. The result of empirical examination supports the practicality and fitness of the structure of this Performance Evaluation System. Findings of this research are as follows: I. Performance Appraisal constructs and weights The Performance Appraisal Criteria includes the following three constructs: 1. Work achievement (Weight: 0.352) ; 2. Professional capacity and character (Weight: 0.246); 3. Work behavior and attitude (Weight: 0.402). II. Performance Appraisal Criteria and weights 1. ¡§Work achievement¡¨ construct includes the following seven items: (1) Crisis management (Weight: 0.085); (2) Particular contribution (Weight: 0.018); (3) Time arrangement (Weight: 0.0402); (4) Work efficiency (Weight: 0.056); (5) Maintenance of equipment (Weight: 0.046); (6) Cost control (Weight: 0.035);¡]7¡^Work quality (Weight: 0.069) 2. ¡§Professional capacity and character¡¨ construct includes five items: (1) Professional knowledge and skills (Weight: 0.029); (2) Executive skills (Weight: 0.043); (3) Responsive ability (Weight: 0.082); (4) Judgment (Weight: 0.064); (5) Confidence (Weight: 0.028). 3. ¡§Work behavior and attitude¡¨ construct has seven items: (1) Responsibility (Weight 0.061); (2) Devotion (Weight 0.047); (3) Teamwork and cooperation (Weight 0.042); (4) Attendance and Diligence (Weight 0.025); (5) Proactively (Weight 0.072); (6) Co-operation (Weight 0.084); (7) Pressure management (Weight 0.070).

Nowadays, all kind of enterprises have to face the tough environment-the low margin age. With the factors like liberalization of global trade, emergence of the newly industrialized countries and the blooming BRICs, the worse situation makes them to tolerate more pressure than before. One of all concern important items is cost system that we cannot put aside while composing a good business strategy, no matter how important low-cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy, or focus differentiation strategy is. The key ingredients make enterprises more competitive including the implement of strategies and the control of cost. But what is the analysts¡¦ great responsibility for providing the right and instant information to the top managers is the cost information matched with the strategies and delivered precisely in the right time. According to the current cost system in this studied case, neither can the information supplied becomes the key source to assist top managers to make the vital decision, nor can performance appraisal system be used. How to create a feasible cost system which can provide the precise and instant information is the main purpose of the essay. The studied case in the essay is one of the public paper manufacturers in Taiwan and almost produces all kind of paper. To simplify the compliexity, focusing on the fine paper, the most competitive field of paper industry in the world becomes my main part of discussion in the essay. And hopefully it will become the trigger to get lots of people involved to continue the study further.

Taiwan¡¦s PCB industry has established a complete industry cluster in Taoyuan, we are famous for the flexible delivery, outstanding quality and competitive price, it leads Taiwan to become the third largest PCB production country in the world. Nevertheless, even PCB industry has essential position in worldwide IT industry, high market concentration ratio, high product homogeneity and powerful bargaining power of buyers have weaken the profitability and forced many leading companies exited the market, such as Shea May, Unicap, Printed Wire 2003 and Unic in 2004, however, under such competitive environment, there are few companies steadily grow up and holding high performance in this battlefield. The purpose of this study is to present the competitive strategies of three high performance PCB companies ¡VGlobal Brands Manufacturer Ltd(CMK-GBM), Dynamic Electronics Co. Ltd.(Dynamic) and Taiwan PCB Techvest Co. Ltd.(TPT) along with associated literature documentations, also, through the case study and on-site interviews, we may have better understanding of the core competencies and competitive edge inside these high performance companies. The result of this study presents that different competitive strategies have been selected by CMK-GBM, Dynamic and TPT but all of them emphasize on marketing ability and production efficiency these two core competencies. Furthermore, their competitive advantages are driven from their competitive strategies and core competencies. Based on the study, isolated one-man business managing style is outdated. Instead, for the purpose of achieving the maximum synergy, enterprises must plan and choose punctiliously with their cooperating vendors or integrate with other companies of similar business conduction. For instance, CMK-GBM chooses to cooperate with the world¡¦s biggest PCB company Japan CMK in order to shorten the time and effort in the fields of technology and customer development. Dynamic applies the tactics of vertical integration to crisscross the investment to the raw materials vendor so they are able to acquire the raw materials steadily and competitively. TPT selects the strategy of horizontal integration and cooperation with single production process PCB vendors so they are able to provide a prompt delivery data and a competitive pricing. Furthermore, helping them to position as the 2nd biggest PCB supplier of TFT-LCD PCB market. In viewing of this comprehensive study, besides the excellent choices of the suitable strategically alliances, all these three PCB companies also have outstanding and loyal manpower resource, high quality product, and superior production capability. Therefore, they are able to break through difficult dilemmas and to grow continuously in such an intensively competitive industry.

ABSTRACT The Capability Maturity Model Integration, (CMMI) has been officially announced in 2002 by the Carnegie Mellon® Software Engineering Institute (SEI). The SEI¡¦s core purpose is to help organizations continuously carry on to improve their flow of software engineering capabilities and to appraise the maturity rank of contractor's organization. CMMI has provided an elastic framework to practice for the software project and to ensure the software quality. Due to CMMI does not limit the method of practice, but only defines the goal which must be achieved. Therefore, the different technique, organization, and work domain all may according to their characteristics to adjust their flow to comply with the CMMI requirement. Meanwhile it has already been generally valued and adopted by both of domestic and foreign companies. At present, there are 24 domestic companies have obtained the CMMI authentication. At the same time, the Government wants to promote the competitiveness of domestic software industry to the global information service market. During CMMI¡¦s promotion, she has aggressively offered all kind of policies and estimates to invest about seventy millions new Taiwan Dollars every year with the expectation to impel 50 third level of authentication in 2007; to achieve 100 third level in 2010 as well as 5 fifth level to encourage the domestic software organization to obtain the CMMI authentication. Obviously the software quality is now one of the key impetus of Taiwan industry and more over the most important development tendency and the critical technology to increase international competitive strength of Taiwan software industry in the future. The software flow improvement is the enterprise to guarantee the quality of their provided service/product. It is an important investment of competitiveness promotion which will involve the interference of the transformation of organization, the resistance of inside and outside staff etc., hence the organization must to have the commitment of policy, the intense attempt and the motive to invest the essential resources to determine the execution of software flow improvement, thus to guarantee the success of the software flow improvement. By analyzing the implemented benefits and the various difficulties of initial stages and common bitter experience in each domain flow of the 24 domestic CMMI certificated companies to make the case study of CMMI implementation to offer the reference templates of domestic enterprises which are now complying with CMMI or those plan to induct CMMI in the future. This research analyzed the substantive benefits of the domestic 24 CMMI certified companies from the six performances, such as customer, finance, the quality, the flow, the organization and the staff after carry out CMMI. We found the mostly positive confirmation after CMMI implemented. Yet comparing the performance of finance and the staff, with approximately 50% thought it revealed less distinguished deviation in either enhancing "the capability of commercial negotiation of project taken¡¨ or decreasing the bustle of team member after CMMI carry out. This article referred to the lesson learn of domestic enterprises which got the CMMI authentication inducting A + technology which was inducting CMMI and the local consultancy companies to collect the 35 usual problems of the 4 aspects of in the staff, the force team, the inside and outside resources, and the environment of organization. Also to procure 18 bitter experiences of domain flow of both maturity second level (ML2) and third level (ML 3) in specific tasks with the common troubles in general practices of A+ technology, as well as the difficulties in particular tasks under execution, then to analyze the change tendency of the various stages of CMMI to accumulate the valuable experience assets of the domestic enterprises to implement CMMI. In this research integrated the motives; the purpose; the flow and invested resources; the key successful factors; the frequent troubles and the solution, including the concrete effectiveness and the future plan of the 3 examples to be the important reference model for those enterprises are to conduct CMMI authentication and to effectively create the systemized software development / maintain flow to promote the project productivity, the competitiveness of organization and software quality. Keywords : CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration); The Improvement of Software Flow; Benefit appraisal

In 2002, Financial Holding Company Act was executed in Taiwan. In order to provide customers with ¡§one stop shopping¡¨, the act allows financial holding companies to own subsidiaries in different financial areas like banking, life insurance, property insurance and securities. However, to those groups who do not have the above subsidiaries, they meet changes and challenges of a new business condition. The saturation of whole life insurance policies and the decrease of interest rate result in the increase of the insurance premium. In this way, traditional insurance service stops improving. Under such pressure, those non-financial holding insurance companies manage to form strategic partnership with banks to develop bank-assurance market and expand marketing channels and by time achieve the goal of achievement development and stable management. This thesis aims to explore ¡§the operating mode and achievements appraisal of the strategic partnership between insurance industry and banking.¡¨ Because the bank-assurance market of Taiwan has just started, there are no numbers to assess the achievement appraisal. As a result, the thesis discusses the achievement of strategic partnership between insurance companies and banks by interviewing the managers. The research bases on literature review and question design and evaluates the achievement of strategic partnership by examining the motives of launching a strategic partnership, the conditions of choosing a partner and the interaction between both sides. The outcome of research shows, in the process to form strategic partnership, it is the insurance company¡¦s fame and reward system that determine if the insurance company is able to get into the banking system. The more the executives trust each other, the more possible they can co-operate. In the strategic partnership, both sides share resources, which is why bank-assurance expands. The chief aim of strategic partnership is to create profits, then the achievement income. The research also shows that old banks and new banks have different conditions for the strategic partnership. The insurance companies have come up with different strategies regarding their own management and the need of their partner banks. In this way, they can have long-lasting and stable management in bank-assurance.

<p>Problem: Problemet som legat till grund för intresset och inriktningen med denna magisteruppsats är då tidigare kontorsfastigheten Skatteskrapan skulle byta ägare och användningsområde. En planerad ombyggnad ställde till problem med avseende på uppskattningen av ombyggnadskostnader. I slutändan handlar problemet om ett värderingsproblem. Detta problem tillsammans med andra ex-empel där fastigheter bytt användningsområden har väckt ett intresse att göra en ingående undersökning av det svenska fastighetsvärderingsområdet. Denna uppsats är indelad i fem olika delundersökningar. Initialt sker en presentation av svenska metoder för fastighetsvärdering. Vidare under-söks olika faktorer som har olika värdepåverkande effekter på fastighetsvärdet. Därefter genomförs en undersökning av hur nya användningssituationer kan vålla värderingsproblem samt hur ett värde fastställs i en sådan situation. Nästa steg består utav en undersökning av internationella värderingsmetoder. Studien avslutas sedan med en undersökning av nya trender som utvecklats inom fastighetsvärderingen.</p><p>Syfte: Syftet med denna magisteruppsats är att studera fenomenet fastighetsvärdering via svenska fastighetsvärderare för att erhålla en förståelse för hur de resonerar vid valet av värderingsmetod och bestämmer det slutliga värdet. Dessutom är syftet också att belysa relationen mellan svenska och internationella värderingsmetoder för att utröna likheter och skillnader.</p><p>Metod: Vi har valt en kvalitativ metod i form av åtta intervjuer. En förstudie, i form av en intervju, görs med professor Stellan Lundström, vilken ämnar till att ge en uppdaterad bild av forskningen inom området. Därefter hålls sju intervjuer med auktoriserade fastighetsvärderare. Värderarnas synpunkter analyseras sedan tillsammans med resultat från förstudien, teoretiskt ramverk samt tidigare studier. Analysen är baserad på en modifierad tankemodell som är skapad av forskaren Jan Matts-son. Genom denna modell har sedan fem viktiga nivåer, knutna till uppsatsens problemområde, analyserats.</p><p>Slutsats: Vi fann att de svenska värderingsmetoderna i stort sett utgörs av tre olika metoder. Dessa är avkastningsmetod, ortsprismetod samt produktionskostnadsmetod. De viktigaste värdepåverkande faktorerna var fastighetens läge samt dess skick och standard. Även hyreskontrakten och vakanser påverker till stor del. Beslut om ny användningssituation kan tas av olika anledningar. Det största problemet relaterat till denna förändring är uppskattningen av framtida kostnader, där ombyggnadskostnader utgör den största svårigheten. De internationella värderingsmetoderna är överlag de samma som de svenska. Kulturella skillnader föreligger i vilka metoder som används i olika situationer. De viktigaste nya trenderna är effekten av de internationella redovisningsstandarderna. En annan trend är det ökade användandet av automatiska analysverktyg.</p> / <p>Problem: The underlying problem within this Master of Science thesis is the emanating issues from the changed owner and usage situation of the former Tax Department. A planned reconstruction led to difficulties in estimating the reconstruction costs. In the end this problem is an appraisal issue. This problem led to an interest to make a thorough investigation of the area of Swedish real estate appraisal. The thesis is constituted by five different subinvestigations. Initially an exploration is made concerning Swedish real estate appraisal methods. Further, factors affecting the real estate value are examined. This is followed by an investigation of what appraisal issues that might occur in a new usage situation and how the value is estimated in such a situation. The relation between Swedish and International appraisal methods is then illuminated. The final investigation is concerning what new trends that have occurred on the Swedish real estate appraisal market.</p><p>Purpose: The purpose of this Master of Science thesis is to study the phenomenon real estate appraisal via Swedish real estate appraisers to gain an understanding of how they reason when choosing appraisal method and determine the real estate value. Additionally, the aim is also to highlight the relation between Swedish and International real estate methods to reveal differences and similarities.</p><p>Method: We have chosen a qualitative method taking the form of eight interviews. A total of eight interviews are performed. The study is offset by a pre-study with a professor at RIT, Stellan Lundström. The aim with this interview is to get an updated view of the latest research within real estate appraisal. This is followed by seven interviews with certified real estate appraisers. The results from the interviews with the appraisers are analysed together with the pre-study, theoretical framework and previous studies. The analysing process is based upon a modified thought model, originally developed by the researcher Jan Mattsson. The analysing process is presented in five steps that all are connected to the modified thought model and related to the problem area of this Master of Science thesis.</p><p>Conclusion: We found that the Swedish appraisal methods generally are constituted by three methods. These are the avkastnings method, the ortspris method and production cost method. The most influent factors on the real estate value are the location as well as the condition and standard. Also the rent contracts and vacancies to some extent affect the value. A rather large problem originates in the estimation of future costs, where the estimation of reconstruction costs is referred to as the largest issue. The international appraisal methods are equivalent to the Swedish methods. The largest differences are of cultural kind mostly caused by differences in legislation. New trends that are presented are the impact of the international accounting standards (IAS). Another significant trend is the increased use of automatic real estate analysis tools.</p>

Title from PDF of title page. / Document formatted into pages; contains 47 pages. / Thesis (M.A.)--University of South Florida, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. / Text (Electronic thesis) in PDF format. / ABSTRACT: The current study examined the effects of citizenship performance, task performance, and rating format on overall and task performance ratings. Levels of citizenship performance (high, medium, low), task performance (high, medium, low), and rating format (inclusion or exclusion of citizenship performance) were experimentally manipulated in a 3x3x2 between-subjects full factorial design. Ratings were provided by 360 undergraduate psychology students evaluating experimentally developed supervisory logs of first line financial managers. Targets' levels of citizenship and task performance were positively related to raters' judgments of overall and task performance. The prediction that this relationship would be moderated by task performance level was not supported. Furthermore, replicating the findings of J. M. / ABSTRACT: Werner (1994), task performance ratings, assigned to targets with high levels of citizenship performance, displayed significantly more halo than ratings assigned to targets with low or medium levels of citizenship performance. Rating format did not influence raters' judgments of the targets' overall or task performance. Our findings indicate that including OCBs in job performance assessment fails to increase the accuracy of performance ratings. Study implications and limitations are discussed. / System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Evidence suggests that female victims of sexual abuse are revictimized more often than non-victimized females, placing them at risk for the negative consequences, including increased psychopathology, medical issues and interpersonal difficulties. Research is needed to protect childhood sexual abuse survivors from the risk of further sexual assault. The present study examines if victim status and perception of social costs inhibit heterosexual females’ perception of risk and behavioral response. Results indicate that victim status affects the perception of risk and that sexually abused women in a high social cost condition use less assertive behavioral responses. Implications of these findings for sexual assault prevention and interventions are discussed.