The master´s diploma thesis elaborated as the master's degree M-STG Manufacturing Technology solves surfacing problems in the simulations of surfacing turbine rotors pinot pins. The work was seen as a preparatory work before the real surfacing. Topic commissioned by Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery Ltd. For welding plates test has been used the method of SAW and the base material was identical to turbine rotor material, X22CrMoV 12-1. Additional material was Fluxocord 42. Simulations were carried out in programs SYSWELD and Visual - WELD. The output of the simulation software are temperature and stress fields, material structures and creations of the CCT diagrams at the base material, filler material, and mixed area.

Kunskap om vad som händer med affärsrelationer när två företag inte är överens om den digitala anpassningen saknas. Syftet med uppsatsen är därför att fördjupa förståelsen för digitaliseringens, och den efterföljande konfliktens, påverkan på affärsrelationer. Studien har sin grund i ARA-modellen och jämför affärsrelationer före, under och efter den digitala resan för tre olika företag. Studien är kvalitativ och baseras på semistrukturerade intervjuer med företagsrepresentanter och experter inom digitalisering. Företagen visar att lyhördhet, empati och god kommunikation är avgörande faktorer för en framgångsrik digital omställning. Om en digital förändring genomförs för snabbt och utan rätt stöd och förståelse för den andra partens behov minskar affärsaktiviteterna. Slutsatsen är att affärsrelationer inte skadas av den digitala förändringen som sådan, utan snarare av hur förändringen genomförs och kommuniceras av företaget som vill genomföra digitaliseringen.

Syfte: Denna studie syftar till att beskriva den roll relationshantering spelar för att främja en mer hållbar leverantörskedja inom livsmedelsbranschen. Samhället står inför utmaningar gällande klimatförändringarna som sker i världen och studier visar att livsmedelsbranschen har en stor påverkan på dessa klimatförändringar. Branschen fokuserar mer på miljömässiga aspekter och socialt ansvarstagande, däremot är det en komplicerad fråga. Ett företags syn på lösning av dessa problem kan påverka ett annat företag negativt inom leverantörskedjan.  Metod: Studien har utgått från en kvalitativ metod med en abduktiv ansats. Vidare har semistrukturerade intervjuer utförts med sammanlagt sex respondenter inom fyra olika företag. Analys av empirin har utförts med en tematisk analysmetod. Resultat och slutsats: Studiens resultat visar att relationshantering är en avgörande faktor i att skapa långsiktiga relationer, men däremot främjar det inte en mer hållbar utveckling inom leverantörskedjan. Studien tyder på att aktörerna inom leverantörskedjan lutar sig mot de certifieringar som finns inom branschen som tar hänsyn till miljömässiga aspekter och socialt ansvarstagande. Aktörerna har ingen vidare dialog mellan varandra hur de ska arbeta mer hållbart. Slutsatsen är att ansvaret ligger hos certifieringsorganen för att främja en mer hållbar utveckling. Däremot bör aktörerna inom leverantörskedjan ta ett större ansvar. Examensarbetets bidrag: Studiens teoretiska bidrag visar att relationshantering inte används i någon vidare utsträckning inom leverantörskedjan för att främja hållbarhet, till skillnad från tidigare studier som har påvisat detta. Studien bidrar också med praktiska insikter om att certifieringar som innefattar miljömässiga aspekter och socialt ansvarstagande är goda tillvägagångssätt. Detta bidrar till en mer hållbar utveckling eftersom aktörer inom livsmedelsbranschen måste följa dessa certifieringar om de vill verka inom denna marknad. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Vi anser att det hade varit intressant att vidare studera hur certifieringarna har utvecklats i takt med samhällsförändringar inom hållbar utveckling. Dessutom skulle det vara intressant att studera hur dessa kan och bör utvecklas i framtiden. Fortsatt forskning kan även göras inom andra branscher för att skapa en jämförelse kring hur de skiljer sig åt.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:21:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Giovana Carla Mastromauro.pdf: 2647121 bytes, checksum: c8d495ac9f2223ee6153c80f69d6d3d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-24 / Cette communication fait une analise d?une partie de la ville de S?o Paulo ammenag?e ? la fin du dizneuvi?me si?cle. Au d?bout, em 1880, a ?tte construit a cet endroit L?Hospital de Isolamento, haujourd?hui Hospital Em?lio Ribas, et en suite, en 1887, le nouveau cimmeti?re publique de la ville, le Cemit?rio do Ara??, tout au long de l?avenue Municipal, haujourd?hui Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, devant l?Hospital de Isolamento. Ces batiments ont ?t? construit a cet endroit quand dominait une ideologie du higienisme et du sanitarisme. Toutefois, cette periode est justement laquelle ou la th?orie bacteriologique a mise em cause les th?ories sur le miasme que dominait jusqu?? ce moment et que justifiait l?isolement de ces ?quipements publiques. / O presente estudo analisa uma ?rea da cidade de S?o Paulo ocupada no final do s?culo XIX. Inicialmente, em 1880, ali seria constru?do o Hospital de Isolamento, hoje Hospital Em?lio Ribas, e em seguida, em 1887, o novo cemit?rio p?blico da cidade, o Cemit?rio do Ara??, ao longo da Avenida Municipal, hoje Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, em frente ao Hospital de Isolamento. Estes edif?cios se instalam no local sob a orienta??o ideol?gica do higienismo e da salubridade. Todavia, o per?odo em an?lise ? justamente aquele no qual a teoria bacteriol?gica veio a abalar as teorias miasm?ticas ent?o dominantes, as quais justificavam o isolamento destes equipamentos p?blicos. Procura-se desvendar, neste trabalho, como a no??o de sa?de p?blica e os conceitos de higienismo da ?poca est?o presentes nas justificativas das escolhas de implanta??o destes edif?cios na regi?o.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MonicaRO_TESE.pdf: 9199361 bytes, checksum: c0ccdbb9830c327846e159e62e15732a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-03 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The flyingfish, Hirundichthys affinis (G?nther, 1866) (Exocoetidae) and ballyhoo half beak, Hemiramphus brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiramphidae) are marine fish species of commercial value, which contribute to artisanal fishery production of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Besides the economic importance, these fish are important from an ecological point of view, being components in pelagic food chain, where they are the preferred prey of larger predators of high commercial value. This study aimed to determine the reproductive strategies of H. affinis and H. brasiliensis and the fishery production of H. affinis in the northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte. The results are presented in the form of six cientific articles and a review paper. The first article presents the morphometric measurements and meristic counts which confirmed the taxonomic status, population structure in length-weight and the gonad development of H. affinis through macroscopic observations of the ovaries and testes. Females of this species were bigger and heavier than males. The second article describes the reproductive tactics, such as, sex ratio, length at first sexual maturity, histological aspects of gonads, fecundity and spawning season, that indicate the reproductive strategy of H. affinis. The third article shows annual changes in the fishery production of H. affinis in Cai?ara do Norte, during the period of 1993 to 2010, emphasizing the relevance of this fish in total fishery production of Rio Grande do Norte, besides registering the fall in production in the years 2008 to 2010. The fourth article describes the population structure, with respect to the length and weight, the length-weight relationship, growth type and sex ratio of Hemiramphus brasiliensis. The fifth article describes the reproductive biology of H. brasiliensis, with details about sex ratio, length at first sexual maturity, fecundity, type of breeding and spawning season. The sixth article deals with the reproductive strategy of H. brasiliensis. The review paper presents the topic of age determination of tropical fish using analysis of otoliths. Both species use the coastal waters of Cai?ara do Norte for reproductive purposes. The flying fish, H. affinis migrates from the oceanic waters to the coastal waters to reproduce, coinciding with the rainy season. H. affinis presents total spawning and a seasonal reproductive strategy. However, H. brasiliensis lives and reproduces in the coastal waters displaying partial spawning and an equilibrium reproductive strategy / O peixe-voador, Hirundichthys affinis (G?nther, 1866) (Exocoetidae) e a agulha preta, Hemiramphus brasiliensis (Linnaeus,1758) (Hemiramphidae) s?o peixes marinhos de valor comercial, que contribuem para a produ??o pesqueira artesanal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Esses peixes s?o importantes na teia alimentar pel?gica, pois constituem as principais presas preferidas de predadores de alto valor comercial. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar as estrat?gias reprodutivas de H. affinis e de H. brasiliensis e a produ??o pesqueira de H. affinis no litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Norte. Os resultados est?o apresentados sob a forma de seis artigos cient?ficos e um artigo de revis?o. O primeiro artigo aborda as medidas morfom?tricas e contagens mer?sticas que confirmaram a taxonomia da esp?cie, a estrutura da popula??o em peso-comprimento e o desenvolvimento das g?nadas de H. affinis, atrav?s de observa??es macrosc?picas dos ov?rios e test?culos. Foi verificado que as f?meas s?o maiores e mais pesados do que os machos. O segundo artigo descreve ?s t?ticas reprodutivas, tais como, propor??o sexual, comprimento da primeira matura??o sexual, aspectos histol?gicos das g?nadas, fecundidade e per?odo de desova, que indicam a estrat?gia reprodutiva de H. affinis. O terceiro artigo mostra a varia??o anual da produ??o de H. affinis em Cai?ara do Norte, durante o per?odo de 1993 a 2010, dando ?nfase a relev?ncia desse peixe na produ??o pesqueira no RN, incluindo o registro da queda na produ??o durante os anos de 2008 a 2010. O quarto artigo apresenta a estrutura populacional, no que tange ao comprimento e peso, a rela??o peso-comprimento, o tipo de crescimento e a propor??o sexual de Hemiramphus brasiliensis. O quinto artigo apresenta a biologia reprodutiva de H. brasiliensis, com detalhes sobre a propor??o sexual, o comprimento da primeira matura??o sexual, a fecundidade, o tipo e o per?odo de desova. O sexto artigo descreve a estrat?gia reprodutiva de H. brasiliensis. O artigo de revis?o aborda o tema de determina??o da idade dos peixes tropicais atrav?s de ot?litos. As duas esp?cies utilizam o litoral de Cai?ara do Norte para fins reprodutivos. H. affinis migra das ?guas oce?nicas para as ?guas costeiras, coincidindo com o per?odo chuvoso. H. affinis apresenta desova total e a estrat?gia reprodutiva do tipo sazonal. Enquanto, H. brasiliensis vive e reproduz nas ?guas costeiras apresentando desova parcelada e uma estrat?gia reprodutiva do tipo de equil?brio

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces a robust cellular proliferative response among neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/NPCs) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. This proliferative effect is thought to contribute to the innate cognitive recovery observed following TBI. Inhibition of hippocampal neurogenesis impairs cognitive function. Furthermore, enhancement of injury-induced hippocampal neurogenesis via intraventricular administration of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) improves cognitive function in animals following TBI. In this experiment, we investigated the direct association between injury-induced hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive recovery utilizing an antimitotic agent, arabinofuranosyl cytidine (Ara-C). In this study, adult rats received a moderate lateral fluid percussion injury (LFPI). Immediately following injury, Ara-C with or without bFGF was infused into the lateral ventricle via an osmotic mini-pump for 7 days. To label dividing cells animals received daily single injections of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) at 2-7 days post-injury. To examine the effect of Ara-C on cell proliferation, a group of animals was sacrificed at 1 week following injury. Brain sections were immunostained for BrdU and cell type specific markers, and the number of BrdU+ cells in the hippocampus was assessed by stereology. To examine the effect of inhibition of injury-induced cell proliferation on cognitive recovery, animals were assessed on Morris water maze tasks (MWM) either at 21 to 25 days or 56-60 days post-injury. We found that post-injury Ara-C treatment significantly reduces injury-induced cell proliferation in the DG and abolishes the innate cognitive recovery on MWM performance at 56-60 days post-injury. Additionally, Ara-C diminishes bFGF enhanced cell proliferation in the DG and cognitive recovery following TBI. These results support the causal relationship between injury-induced hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive functional recovery. Our studies suggest that the post-TBI neurogenic response is an endogenous repair mechanism that contributes to the restoration of hippocampal function post-injury.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2017-10-04T22:20:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Soniane Costa.pdf: 5470162 bytes, checksum: c446c8cec1a4893eca8260700896103a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-04T22:20:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Soniane Costa.pdf: 5470162 bytes, checksum: c446c8cec1a4893eca8260700896103a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-24 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / The decline of guava is a complex disease, which causes progressive galls in guava roots parasitized by Meloidogyne enterolobii. The objective of the present study is to study the genetic divergence in guava and ara?azeiros accessions by means of SNPs markers developed for Eucalyptus to serve as a subsidy for activities of genetic resources and improvement of guava, such as the broad genomic association and to estimate the number of genes involved in resistance to M. enterolobii, using F2 population of Psidium guajava and P. guineense hybrid.In the evaluation of the genetic diversity of Psidium accessions, presented in chapter I, the transferability of Eucalyptus SNPs to Psidium for application in analyzes of genetic divergence and other applications, including studies of genome association. The segregation results and broad sense heritability estimates in population F2, presented in chapter II, support dominance model controlled by two genes, with epistatic effects, and the presence of only one dominant allele conditions the resistance of the hybrid of P. guajava x P. guineense for M. enterolobii. New hybrids of P. guajava with other accessions of wild Psidium should be developed and evaluated in order to increase the sources of resistance to the pathogen, allowing effective control of the same in commercial areas of guava. Seven markers associated with resistance to Meloidogyne enterolobii in Psidium species presented in Chapter III were identified.The results also suggest the existence of different sources of resistance to the nematode, since several SNPs were identified on chromosome 3 of Eucalyptus. / O decl?nio da goiabeira ? uma doen?a complexa, que causa a podrid?o progressiva das ra?zes das goiabeiras parasitadas por Meloidogyneenterolobii. O objetivo do presente estudo ? estudar a diverg?ncia gen?tica em acessos de goiabeira e ara?azeiros por meio de marcadores SNPs (Polimorfismo de nucleot?deo ?nico) desenvolvidos para Eucalyptus, que servir?o de subs?dio as atividades de recursos gen?ticos e melhoramento da goiabeira, bem como a associa??o gen?mica ampla (GWAS), e estimar o n?mero de genes envolvidos na resist?ncia a M. enterolobii, tendo como refer?ncia a segrega??o em popula??o F2 de h?brido de Psidium guajava x P. guineense. Na avalia??o da diversidade gen?tica dos acessos de Psidium, apresentado no cap?tulo I, relata-se a transferibilidade de SNPs de Eucalyptus para Psidium, estes podem ser utilizados em an?lises de diverg?ncia gen?tica e outras aplica??es, incluindo estudos de associa??o do genoma. Os resultados de segrega??oe as estimativas de herdabilidade no sentido amplo em popula??o F2, apresentado no cap?tulo II, suportam modelo de resist?ncia dominante controlada por dois genes, com efeitos epist?ticos, sendo que, a presen?a de apenas um alelo dominante condiciona a resist?ncia do h?brido de P. guajava x P. guineensepara M.enterolobii. Novos h?bridos de P. guajava com outros acessos de Psidium silvestres devem ser desenvolvidos e avaliados de forma a aumentar as fontes de resist?ncia ao pat?geno, possibilitando efetivo controle do mesmo em ?reas comerciais de goiabeira. Foram identificados sete marcadores associados ? resist?ncia a Meloidogyne enterolobii em esp?cies de Psidium apresentado no cap?tulo III. Os resultados sugerem ainda a exist?ncia de diferentes fontes de resist?ncia ao nematoide, pois foram identificados v?rios SNPs no cromossomo 3 de Eucalyptus.

Les allergies alimentaires à l'arachide et au lait posent un problème majeur de santé publique, en particulier chez les enfants. Nous avons développé un modèle cellulaire de dégranulation, afin d'analyser si la liaison d'un allergène à ses IgE spécifiques, mesurée in vitro, a bien la capacité de déclencher la phase effectrice de la réaction allergique. Ce modèle repose sur l'utilisation de la lignée cellulaire RBL SX-38 développée par JP Kinet, mastocytes de rat immortalisés et modifiés pour exprimer le récepteur de haute affinité aux IgE humaines. Le développement de ce modèle pour son utilisation en microplaques de 96 puits a consisté notamment en l'optimisation de différents paramètres critiques pour la réalisation des 2 phases du test : la phase de sensibilisation des cellules par les IgE de patients allergiques et la phase de déclenchement par les allergènes auxquels le patient est sensibilisé. Ce modèle a permis de montrer l'importance des caséines et des albumines 2S (Ara h 2 et Ara h 6) dans cette étape clé de la réaction allergique au lait et à l'arachide, confirmant les observations sérologiques et cliniques disponibles. L'effet de traitements thermiques sur l'allergénicité d'un allergène majeur de l'arachide (Ara h 1), a été évalué dans le cadre du programme européen EuroPrevall. Les résultats obtenus montrent la diminution de la réactivité d'Ara h 1 après chauffage de la protéine isolée en solution. Par contre, la même protéine préparée et purifiée à partir d'arachide grillée présente une forte réactivité. Ces résultats suggèrent qu'un traitement à température élevée de la graine entraine une augmentation de l'allergénicité de Ara h 1 du fait de ses interactions avec les autres constituants de la graine. Le modèle cellulaire de dégranulation développé apparaît être un outil pertinent pour l'étude de la fonctionnalité biologique de l'interaction allergène-IgE, permettant une meilleure compréhension de la relation entre la structure d'une protéine alimentaire et son allergénicité, voire une évaluation du risque allergique des aliments ne nécessitant pas d'essais cliniques systématiques.

All living cells are dependent on nucleic acids for their survival. The genetic information stored in DNA is translated into functional proteins via a messenger molecule, the ribonucleic acid (RNA). Since DNA and RNA can be considered as polymers of nucleotides (NTPs), balanced pools of NTPs are crucial to nucleic acid synthesis and repair. The de novo reduction of ribonucleoside diphosphates (NDPs) to deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates (dNDPs), the precursors for DNA synthesis, is catalyzed by the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). In cycling cells the dominant form of mammalian RNR consists of two proteins called R1 and R2. A proteasome-mediated degradation completely deprives postmitotic cells of R2 protein. The nonproliferating cells use instead a p53 inducible small RNR subunit, called p53R2 to synthesize dNTPs for mitochondrial DNA replication and DNA repair. To address the ongoing controversy regarding the localization and subsequently function and regulation of RNR subunits, the subcellular localization of all the mammalian RNR subunits during the cell cycle and after DNA damage was followed as a part of this thesis. Irrespective of the employed methodology, only a cytosolic localization could be observed leading to a conclusion that the dNTPs are synthesized in the cytosol and transported into the nucleus or mitochondria for DNA synthesis and repair. Thus, our data do not support the suggestion that nuclear translocation is a new additional mechanism regulating ribonucleotide reduction in mammalian cells. In an attempt to find a cure for African sleeping sickness, a lethal disease caused by a human pathogen, Trypanosoma brucei, nucleotide metabolism of the parasite was studied. The trypanosomes exhibit strikingly low CTP pools compared with mammalian cells and they also lack salvage of cytidine/cytosine making the parasite CTP synthetase a potential target for treatment of the disease. Following expression, purification and kinetic studies of the recombinant T. brucei CTP synthetase it was found that the enzyme has a higher Km value for UTP than the mammalian CTP synthetase. In combination with a lower UTP pool the high Km may account for the low CTP pool in trypanosomes. The activity of the trypanosome CTP synthetase was irreversibly inhibited by the glutamine analog acivicin, a drug extensively tested as an antitumor agent. Daily injections of acivicin to trypanosome-infected mice were sufficient to suppress the parasite infections. The drug was shown to be trypanocidal when added to cultured bloodstream T. brucei for four days at 1 uM concentration. Therefore, acivicin may qualify as a drug with “desirable” properties, i.e. cure within 7 days, according to the current Target Product Profiles of WHO and DNDi. Trypanosomes lack de novo purine biosynthesis and are therefore dependent on exogenous purines such as adenosine that is taken up from the blood by high-affinity transporters. We found that besides the cleavage-dependent pathway, where adenosine is converted to adenine by inosine-adenosine-guanosine-nucleoside hydrolase, T. brucei can also salvage adenosine by adenosine kinase (AK). The efficient adenosine transport combined with a high-affinity AK yields a strong salvage system in T. brucei, but on the other hand makes the parasites highly sensitive to adenosine analogs such as adenine arabinoside (Ara-A). The cleavage-resistant Ara-A was shown to be readily taken up by the parasites and phosphorylated by the TbAK-dependent pathway, inhibiting trypanosome proliferation and survival by incorporation into nucleic acids and by affecting nucleotide levels in the parasite.