This is a study of an ethnic hierarchical division of labor on Iföverken in the south of Sweden between 1895-1930. The study aims to see if migrants got different kind of profession at Iföverken and if there were in fact ethnic hierarchical distribution of work. It also aims to see if the pattern of ethnic hierarchical division of labor was different before and after the First World War. Also, the study aims to see in what regard these labor migrants became members of the local union, division 227. By studying if labor migrants got different kind of professions using the concept of class in a structuralist perspective, hierarchical positions become visible. Using moving in and out records that the priests wrote as migrants arrived and member list of the union as the main sources, the study shows that there existed a pattern of ethnic hierarchical division of labor. The results show that migrants from regions with Slavic population got the most unskilled work while migrants from regions with German population made most of the professional and higher valued workforce. There where some migrants that became active members of the union division 227, consequently it can be argued that these migrants where a part of a collective movement and class struggle.

The regional healthcare in Sweden is suffering from a acute shortage of nurses. In order to cope with the situation, the regional healthcare institutions has included other professions to perform the job assigments of the absent nurses. A public debate emerged whether or not nurses were replacable with other professions in regional healtcare instituitons. This theisis believes that more research of nurses field of work could contribute to the discussion. The theisis aims to contribute to the existing research of nurses field of work by studying the division of labour between nurses and physicians and between nurses and auxillary nurses in order to understand how the division of labour between these professions look like and why they are constituted as they are. By conducting seven semi-structured interviews with nurses and taking theoretical inspiration from Andrew Abbotts theory of ”jurisdictional claims” and the three realms where claims can be made, this theisis finds that the reality of the job assigments in the division of labour between the professions are, by using Abbotts own word of choice, ”fuzzy”. The nurses’ descriptions of the divions of labour tells that nurses are losing control of job assignments in a field that they are trained to exicute, care-related work, while gaining control over medicinal assignments that they are relationally under-trained to exicute. Nurses are also giving away control over fully controlled medicinal tasks that they are trained to do to auxillary nurses, while physicians are giving away control over assignments in the same fashion to nurses. This theisis concludes that the divisions of labour displays three variations of how control can be displaced: By organizational structures, by the controlling professions themselves and by the state-required assignments; forced upon nurses as the profession is regulated by The National Board of Health and Welfare.

I en granskning av kvinnorsoch mäns arbetsvillkor framgår att för höga krav och begränsade resurser bidrar till sämre psykisk och fysisk hälsa. Kunskapsläget rörande specifikt kvinnor och män, inom specifika branscher ärdockrelativt oklart. Detrelaterar till att enskilda studierinte studerar sambandet mellan krav och resurser och hälsan separat för kvinnor och män.Syftet med denna studie var attundersöka sociala strukturer och arbetsvillkor för kvinnliga respektive manliga mellanchefer.För att undersöka skillnader i kvinnors och mäns arbetsvillkor genomfördes sjukvalitativa intervjuermed mellanchefer inomkommunal sektor. Skillnaderna förståsgenom undersökning av de sociala strukturer som går att utläsa i arbetsdelningen mellan kvinnor och mänsamt vilka skillnader på krav och resurser som upplevs av kvinnor respektive män. Vidare undersöks hur skillnaderna påverkar arbetsplatshälsan.Det empiriska resultatet visar att sociala strukturer, såsom genusordningenoch socialt konstruerade könsroller påverkar uppfattningen om kvinnligt och manligt beteende.Framställningen av kvinnan ger uttryck för de mönster av dagliga aktivitetersom styr vårt sociala arrangemang.Därmed påverkas uppfattningarna av krav och resurser, de kvantitativa kraven är de mest framträdande och då framförallt hos de kvinnliga respondenterna. De har fler underställda och förväntas varamer känslomässigt involverade. Det i sin tur påverkar den arbetsplatsrelaterade hälsan, tre av fyra kvinnliga respondenter har varit sjukskrivna på grund av stress under sin tid som mellanchef. Genomgående uppmärksammas olikafokus hos de manliga och kvinnliga respondenterna,kvinnornas fokus ligger på mjuka värden i större utsträckning.I jämförelse mellan de kvinnliga och manliga respondenterna går det att utläsa att kraven är större på kvinnorna, kontrollen en aning mindre och det sociala stödet inte lika omfattande. / In anexamination ofwomen’s and men’s work conditions it appears thattoo high demands and limited resources contribute to poorer mentaland physical health. However, the state of knowledge concerning specifically women and med in specificindustries is relatively unclear. It can relateto the fact that individual studies do not study the relationship between requirements and resources and health separately for women and men.The aim of this study was toexamine social structures and working conditions for women and men, respectively.Toinvestigate differences in women’s and men’s working conditions, seven qualitative interviews were conducted with middle managers in the municipal sector. The differences are understood through av examination of the socialstructures that can be made visible in the division of labor between women and menand howwomen and menexperiencedifferences in demandsand resources. Furthermore,it is investigated how the differences affect workplace health.The empirical resultsshow that social structures, such as the gender order and socially constructed gender roles, influence the perception of female and male behavior. The representation of women expresses the patterns of daily activities that govern our social arrangement.Thus, perceptions are affected by requirements and resources, the quantitative requirements are the most prominent, especially among the female respondents.They have more subordinates and are expected to be more emotionally involved.This in turn affects workplace-related health, three out of four female respondents have been on sick leave due to stress during their time as middle manager.Throughout, different focus is paid to by the male and female respondents, the women's focus is on soft values to a greater extent.In a comparison between the female and male respondents, thedemands are greater on women, the control is slightly less, and the social support is not as extensive.

Introduction. The aim of this thesis is to investigate problems that users face when using a library discovery service, and determine which problems can be solved by UX design and which problems must be solved by information literacy teaching. A second aim is to examine how UX specialists and user instruction specialists cooperate and how these two specialties are shaped by each other and by the discovery service. Method. User problems were identified by analyzing documented reference questions from the library support chat. A survey based on the user problems was sent to UX specialists and user instruction specialists. The survey was followed by a focus group interview with the same participants. Survey data and transcripts of the focus group interview formed the data for analysis. Analysis. Qualitative analyses were carried out on the data. Theories on organizational structure and professional specialization formed the basis for analysis. Results. The results imply that UX design can be used to solve problems related to wayfinding and problems that can be solved by providing short on-screen instructions, while information literacy teaching can be used to solve problems that require a wide set of information literacy skills. Conclusion. Users’ successful use of the library discovery service requires information literacy teaching as well as continuous UX assessment and design. In the studied organization, UX specialists and user instruction specialists have found ways to cooperate in providing users with high quality services. For UX to be successful, a ”UX mindset” must be employed by all members of the organization. This is a two years master’s thesis in Library and Information Science.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur relationen mellan privatliv och arbetsliv skiljer sig mellan män och kvinnor som distansarbetar på Halmstad Kommun. Syftet är även att få en tydlig bild av hur distansarbete skiljer sig mellan män och kvinnor och om det påverkar arbetsdelningen i hemmer utifrån en könsrelation. Studiens resultat har samlats in genom åtta kvalitativa intervjuer med kvinnor och män vars svar har analyserats med hjälp av Yvonne Hirdmans teori om genussystemet och Sue Campbell Clarks gränsteori. I slutsatserna påvisas det att de intervjuade kvinnorna och männen anser att relationen mellan privatliv och arbetsliv påverkas av distansarbete. Kvinnorna som intervjuats anser att den typiska könsfördelningen vad gäller arbetsdelningen i hemmer blir mer tydlig vid distansarbete. Männen som intervjuats anser att det har ett ökat ansvar gällande hemarbete när de distansarbetar. / The study aims to investigate how the relationship between private life and working life differs between men and women who work remotely in Halmstad municipality. The aim is also to get a clearer picture of how remote work differs between men and women and if it affects the division of labor in the home based on a gender relationship. The results of the study have been collected through eight qualitative interviews with women and men whose answers have been analyzed using Yvonne Hirdman’s theory of the gender system and Sue Campbell Clark’s Work/Family border theory. In the conclusions, it is stated that the interviewed women and men believe that the relationship between private life and working life is affected by remote work. The women who were interviewed believe that the typical gender distribution in terms of the division of labor in the home becomes clearer when working remotely. The men interviewed believe they have an increased responsibility regarding household chores when they work remotely.

<p><p>In this paper, we have studied the consequences of the bureaucratic or-ganizational structure for the individual- and holistic perspective pre-scribed in the Swedish legislation for social work. We have asked what consequences bureaucratic organizational structure in Max Weber’s terms can have for the individual and how it can affect the street level bureaucrats’ work performance. This is a theoretical study using and comparing earlier theoretical and empirical studies. Several organizational aspect of bureaucracy, listed and discussed in this study, makes it more difficult to implement the prescribed individual- and holistic perspective. At the same time it is demonstrated that the very same organizational features gives the street level bureaucrats the tools to an administrative fast and effective process. Bureaucracy can also create loyalty-bonds, demonstrated in this study, which render possible a structure where one closes the eyes to eventual moral dilemmas that may have negative consequences for the client.</p></p>

How did the conformist “organization man” of modern welfare society turn into the restless and flexible market-rational individualist of late-modernity? And what role did technology play in this transformation? Drawing from inquiries like these, this doctoral thesis deals with topics such as technology, culture, and the production of social consciousness. The aim of the study is to elucidate the historical emergence of late-modern reason, visible in the socio-material process of automation. The study takes two mundane technical innovations as starting points to investigate dominant social values and rationalities embedded in, and emerging from material transformations in the production process of two late modern, Swedish organizations. Covering a period of roughly fifty years (1960–2013), the analysis relies on the interpretation of a variety of both contemporary and archived sources, including interviews, observations, witness accounts and archived material in the form of staff magazines, newspapers, photographs and official documents. While following a hermeneutical tradition of European ethnology the study is also an attempt to enrich its synchronous cultural analysis of everyday life with theory grounded in historical (dialectical) materialism. Along this line of thought the thesis suggests that many of the qualities, values and everyday experiences attributed to late-modernity, such as “flexibility”, “creativity” and “flat organizations” depend on the reification and embedding of modernist social forms, ideas and relations, such as instrumental rationality, routine labour and bureaucratic taxonomy into the material foundation of daily life.

In this paper, we have studied the consequences of the bureaucratic or-ganizational structure for the individual- and holistic perspective pre-scribed in the Swedish legislation for social work. We have asked what consequences bureaucratic organizational structure in Max Weber’s terms can have for the individual and how it can affect the street level bureaucrats’ work performance. This is a theoretical study using and comparing earlier theoretical and empirical studies. Several organizational aspect of bureaucracy, listed and discussed in this study, makes it more difficult to implement the prescribed individual- and holistic perspective. At the same time it is demonstrated that the very same organizational features gives the street level bureaucrats the tools to an administrative fast and effective process. Bureaucracy can also create loyalty-bonds, demonstrated in this study, which render possible a structure where one closes the eyes to eventual moral dilemmas that may have negative consequences for the client.