Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1986. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Bibliography: leaves 482-490. / William Robert Ware (1832- 1915) planned and directed the first collegiate program in architectural education i n the United States. He was educated in the liberal arts and civil engineering at Harvard University and received further training in architects' offices before entering into practice with Henry Van Brunt (1832-1903). In 1865 Ware was appointed to the newly established Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He remained on the faculty until 1881, when he was called to Columbia University to organize still another collegiate program in architecture. During 1866-67, Ware traveled in Europe, paying particular attention to the role of national schools and professional organizations in the teaching of architecture in Britain and France. Formal instruction in architecture at M.I.T. began in the fall of 1868. Ware devised a curriculum, which he adjusted throughout the 1870s, including drawing and design, architectural history, and construction and practice (i . e., building materials and components, specifications, and contracts). In the spring of 1872, he recruited Eugene Letang (1842-1892), an alumnus of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, to teach design. From this time on, the routine studio problems at M.I.T. began to emulate those of the Ecole, and the eclectic neoclassicism of the Beaux-Arts began to predominate in students' drawings. The Department of Architecture at M.I.T. in these earliest years functioned best in providing a one- or two-year course of special study for persons who were graduates of four-year colleges or who had some experience in architects' offices. It also served to prepare Americans for the formal or informal study they intended to pursue in Paris. Ware's department offered, in effect, a postgraduate program, a program in continuing education, and a preparatory program for advanced study at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts. By virtue of its location in cosmopolitan Boston, the M.I.T. Department of Architecture emerged in the 1870s as the preeminent American collegiate program, attracting more students from more diverse parts of the country than the other important early programs at Cornell University and the University of Illinois. Ware trained some 235 students at M.I.T., and many of them became the leaders in architecture and architectural education in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. / by John Andrew Chewning. / Ph.D.

The purpose of this creative project is to address the lack of knowledge and understanding by Park Elementary school children of the historic architecture in Fairmount Township, Grant County, Indiana. This report documents the process utilized to develop, implement and evaluate a fourth-grade curriculum of Fairmount Township architectural history.A survey of students who had previously completed the Indiana history course assessed their knowledge of local history. The curriculum unit was developed based on the survey results. The unit was developed in two stages. First it was piloted, then after revision, it was fully implemented. A handout was developed and used to familiarize the students with the architectural concepts. A guide for teachers was developed to assist others in the use or adaptation of this unit to other communities. / Department of Architecture

This project involves two major components: research on the importance of heritage education and a five-lesson unit prepared to introduce fourth-grade students in Muncie to the history and architectural heritage of the area. The research revealed the fact that there are many concepts of heritage education ranging from ideas that involve only architecture to schemes that involve all aspects of culture. This thesis argues that the built environment, along with its cultural history, needs to be taught in the schools so that children at an early age may learn to appreciate their historic legacy. The unit of five lessons on heritage education was presented to two Muncie fourth-grade classes. The unit provided a guide for the students to examine the history and architecture of Muncie, Indiana. At the end of the unit, the students were tested to see what they had retained. / Department of Architecture

Acompanha: Manual para elaboração e aplicação da aprendizagem baseada em problemas na disciplina de estrutura em metal no curso de arquitetura e urbanismo / Mediante a resistência dos alunos do curso de arquitetura e urbanismo, frente às disciplinas que envolvem cálculo estrutural, o presente trabalho busca responder ao seguinte questionamento: Quais as contribuições da aplicação da abordagem PBL para o ensino na disciplina Estrutura em Metal em um curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo? A pesquisa classifica-se como exploratória, o procedimento técnico utilizado foi o estudo de caso, e quanto à abordagem, a pesquisa classifica-se como qualitativa e se enquadra na categoria de observação participante. A coleta de dados se deu através de observações realizadas pela professora, anotadas e expandidas em diários de campo, bem como os trabalhos realizados pelos estudantes e seus apontamentos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em duas fases, sendo a primeira fase como projeto piloto, aplicada no primeiro semestre de 2015 e a segunda fase no segundo semestre de 2015 com alunos do sexto período do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, matriculados na disciplina de Estrutura em Metal de uma faculdade particular da cidade de Ponta Grossa. A abordagem de ensino aplicada durante a disciplina foi de Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas, também conhecida como PBL, sendo o problema proposto a elaboração de um projeto de cobertura em estrutura metálica durante o semestre letivo. O projeto foi dividido em etapas e a turma foi dividida em grupos. Durante a execução das etapas, os estudantes empreenderam auto estudo e a professora atuava como facilitadora. Ao final de cada etapa os alunos realizavam uma avaliação de desempenho. Ao final do semestre letivo os estudantes responderam um questionário de avaliação da disciplina, cujos resultados foram analisados para observar a percepção dos estudantes quanto ao método proposto. Ao final da pesquisa observou-se que a percepção docente foi positiva e a percepção discente foi parcialmente positiva, já que a cultura do ensino tradicional ainda é muito presente, tanto no comportamento dos alunos, quanto na filosofia das instituições de ensino. Para atingir o sucesso na abordagem PBL, é exigido esforço de todos os atores envolvidos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, o professor atuando como mediador, o estudante como principal responsável por sua aprendizagem e a instituição de ensino colaborando para que a proposta de abordagem seja realizada. Após a aplicação da pesquisa, foi elaborado um caderno contendo as estratégias de ensino, com reflexões e apontamentos sobre a metodologia de ensino aplicada. / By the faced the resistance of architecture and urbanism students in disciplines involving structural calculation, this work sought to answer the following question: What are the contributions of the application the PBL approach to teaching in the discipline Metal Structure in a course Architecture And Urbanism? The research is classified as exploratory, the technical procedure used was the case study, and for the approach, the research is classified as qualitative and the category of participant observation. The data collection was done through observations made by the teacher, annotated and expanded in diaries, and the work done by the students and their notes. The research was developed in two phases, the first phase being a pilot project, applied in the first half of 2015 and the second phase in the second half of 2015 with students on the sixth period of Architecture and Urbanism, registered in the discipline Metal Structure in a private college in Ponta Grossa. The applied teaching approach during the discipline was Problem-Based Learning, also known as PBL, being the problem proposed the elaboration of a project in metallic structure during the semester. The project was divided into stages and the class was divided into groups. During the execution of the steps, the students undertook self-study and the teacher acted as mediator. At the end of each stage the students performed a performance evaluation. At the end the semester, the students answered a questionnaire evaluating the subject, whose results were analyzed to observe the students perception of the proposed method. At the end of the research it was observed that the teacher perception was positive and the student perception was partially positive, since the traditional teaching culture is still very present, both in the students behavior and the educational institutions philosophy. In order to achieve success in the PBL approach, efforts are required of all actors involved in the teaching and learning process, the teacher acting as mediator, the student as the main responsible for their learning and the teaching institution collaborating so that the proposal of approach is fulfilled. After the application of the research, a notebook containing the teaching strategies was elaborated, with reflections and notes about the methodology of applied teaching.

Acompanha: Manual para elaboração e aplicação da aprendizagem baseada em problemas na disciplina de estrutura em metal no curso de arquitetura e urbanismo / Mediante a resistência dos alunos do curso de arquitetura e urbanismo, frente às disciplinas que envolvem cálculo estrutural, o presente trabalho busca responder ao seguinte questionamento: Quais as contribuições da aplicação da abordagem PBL para o ensino na disciplina Estrutura em Metal em um curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo? A pesquisa classifica-se como exploratória, o procedimento técnico utilizado foi o estudo de caso, e quanto à abordagem, a pesquisa classifica-se como qualitativa e se enquadra na categoria de observação participante. A coleta de dados se deu através de observações realizadas pela professora, anotadas e expandidas em diários de campo, bem como os trabalhos realizados pelos estudantes e seus apontamentos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em duas fases, sendo a primeira fase como projeto piloto, aplicada no primeiro semestre de 2015 e a segunda fase no segundo semestre de 2015 com alunos do sexto período do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, matriculados na disciplina de Estrutura em Metal de uma faculdade particular da cidade de Ponta Grossa. A abordagem de ensino aplicada durante a disciplina foi de Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas, também conhecida como PBL, sendo o problema proposto a elaboração de um projeto de cobertura em estrutura metálica durante o semestre letivo. O projeto foi dividido em etapas e a turma foi dividida em grupos. Durante a execução das etapas, os estudantes empreenderam auto estudo e a professora atuava como facilitadora. Ao final de cada etapa os alunos realizavam uma avaliação de desempenho. Ao final do semestre letivo os estudantes responderam um questionário de avaliação da disciplina, cujos resultados foram analisados para observar a percepção dos estudantes quanto ao método proposto. Ao final da pesquisa observou-se que a percepção docente foi positiva e a percepção discente foi parcialmente positiva, já que a cultura do ensino tradicional ainda é muito presente, tanto no comportamento dos alunos, quanto na filosofia das instituições de ensino. Para atingir o sucesso na abordagem PBL, é exigido esforço de todos os atores envolvidos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, o professor atuando como mediador, o estudante como principal responsável por sua aprendizagem e a instituição de ensino colaborando para que a proposta de abordagem seja realizada. Após a aplicação da pesquisa, foi elaborado um caderno contendo as estratégias de ensino, com reflexões e apontamentos sobre a metodologia de ensino aplicada. / By the faced the resistance of architecture and urbanism students in disciplines involving structural calculation, this work sought to answer the following question: What are the contributions of the application the PBL approach to teaching in the discipline Metal Structure in a course Architecture And Urbanism? The research is classified as exploratory, the technical procedure used was the case study, and for the approach, the research is classified as qualitative and the category of participant observation. The data collection was done through observations made by the teacher, annotated and expanded in diaries, and the work done by the students and their notes. The research was developed in two phases, the first phase being a pilot project, applied in the first half of 2015 and the second phase in the second half of 2015 with students on the sixth period of Architecture and Urbanism, registered in the discipline Metal Structure in a private college in Ponta Grossa. The applied teaching approach during the discipline was Problem-Based Learning, also known as PBL, being the problem proposed the elaboration of a project in metallic structure during the semester. The project was divided into stages and the class was divided into groups. During the execution of the steps, the students undertook self-study and the teacher acted as mediator. At the end of each stage the students performed a performance evaluation. At the end the semester, the students answered a questionnaire evaluating the subject, whose results were analyzed to observe the students perception of the proposed method. At the end of the research it was observed that the teacher perception was positive and the student perception was partially positive, since the traditional teaching culture is still very present, both in the students behavior and the educational institutions philosophy. In order to achieve success in the PBL approach, efforts are required of all actors involved in the teaching and learning process, the teacher acting as mediator, the student as the main responsible for their learning and the teaching institution collaborating so that the proposal of approach is fulfilled. After the application of the research, a notebook containing the teaching strategies was elaborated, with reflections and notes about the methodology of applied teaching.